--- title: Jeremiah 32:23 — and they came in, and possessed it; but they hearkened not to Thy vo… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and they came in, and possessed it; but they hearkened not to Thy voice, neither walked in Thy law; they have done nothing of all that Thou commandedst them to do; therefore Thou hast caused all this evil to befall them; Who acts: people, Thou. Jeremiah 32:23 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targ --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.32.23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/32/) / 32:23 # Jeremiah 32:23 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** people, Thou · **What happens:** come in, possess, not hearken, walk, do, command · **To what, where:** land, law, nothing, people, evil · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Jeremiah 32:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — people, Thou — and what happens in the verse to land, law, nothing, people, evil, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיָּבֹ֜אוּ וַיִּֽרְשׁ֣וּ אֹתָ֗הּ וְלֹֽא־שָׁמְע֤וּ בְקוֹלֶ֙ךָ֙ וּבְתוֹרָתְךָ֣ לֹא־הָלָ֔כוּ אֵת֩ כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֨ר צִוִּ֧יתָה לָהֶ֛ם לַעֲשׂ֖וֹת לֹ֣א עָשׂ֑וּ וַתַּקְרֵ֣א אֹתָ֔ם אֵ֥ת כָּל־הָרָעָ֖ה הַזֹּֽאת׃ [and they came in, and possessed it; but they hearkened not to Thy voice, neither walked in Thy law; they have done nothing of all that Thou commandedst them to do; therefore Thou hast caused all this evil to befall them;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.898/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:806 # text = וַיָּבֹ֜אוּ וַיִּֽרְשׁ֣וּ אֹתָ֗הּ וְלֹֽא־שָׁמְע֤וּ בְקוֹלֶ֙ךָ֙ וּבְתוֹרָתְךָ֣ לֹא־הָלָ֔כוּ אֵת֩ כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֨ר צִוִּ֧יתָה לָהֶ֛ם לַעֲשׂ֖וֹת לֹ֣א עָשׂ֑וּ וַתַּקְרֵ֣א אֹתָ֔ם אֵ֥ת כָּל־הָרָעָ֖ה הַזֹּֽאת׃ # verse = JER.32.23 1-2 וַיָּבֹ֜אוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_32:23!1|MId=o240320230011|Strong=2050b 2 יָּבֹ֜אוּ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.came|Ref=JER_32:23!1|MId=o240320230012|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:240320210031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 וַיִּֽרְשׁ֣וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_32:23!2|MId=o240320230021|Strong=2050b 4 יִּֽרְשׁ֣וּ יָרַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.took.possession.of|Ref=JER_32:23!2|MId=o240320230022|Strong=3423|Frame=A0:240320210031;A1:240320230032;|Type=wayyiqtol 5-6 אֹתָ֗הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JER_32:23!3|MId=o240320230031|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 6 ָ֗הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 obj _ Gloss=it|Ref=JER_32:23!3|MId=o240320230032|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 7-8 וְלֹֽא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_32:23!4|MId=o240320230041|Strong=2050b 8 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 9 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JER_32:23!4|MId=o240320230042|Strong=3808|Type=negative 9 שָׁמְע֤וּ שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.listened|Ref=JER_32:23!5|MId=o240320230051|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:240320210031;|Type=qatal 10-12 בְקוֹלֶ֙ךָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_32:23!6|MId=o240320230061|Strong=0871a 11 קוֹל קוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=voice|Ref=JER_32:23!6|MId=o240320230062|Strong=6963 12 ֶ֙ךָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JER_32:23!6|MId=o240320230063|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 13-16 וּבְתוֹרָתְךָ֣ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_32:23!8|MId=o240320230081|Strong=2050b 14 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JER_32:23!8|MId=o240320230082|Strong=0871a 15 תוֹרָת תּוֹרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=law|Ref=JER_32:23!8|MId=o240320230083|Strong=8451 16 ְךָ֣ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JER_32:23!8|MId=o240320230084|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 17 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 18 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JER_32:23!9|MId=o240320230091|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 18 הָלָ֔כוּ הָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.walked|Ref=JER_32:23!10|MId=o240320230101|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:240320210031;|Type=qatal 19 אֵת֩ אֵת ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_32:23!11|MId=o240320230111|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 20 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JER_32:23!12|MId=o240320230121|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 21 אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 22 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=JER_32:23!13|MId=o240320230131|Strong=0834|Type=relative 22 צִוִּ֧יתָה צָוָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 20 acl:relcl _ Gloss=you.had.commanded|Ref=JER_32:23!14|MId=o240320230141|Strong=6680|Frame=A0:240320170021;|Type=qatal 23-24 לָהֶ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 ל לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_32:23!15|MId=o240320230151|Strong=3807a 24 ָהֶ֛ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=JER_32:23!15|MId=o240320230152|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 25-26 לַעֲשׂ֖וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_32:23!16|MId=o240320230161|Strong=3807a 26 עֲשׂ֖וֹת עָשָׂה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 22 xcomp _ Gloss=do|Ref=JER_32:23!16|MId=o240320230162|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:240320210031;A1:240320230121;|Type=infinitive_construct 27 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 28 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JER_32:23!17|MId=o240320230171|Strong=3808|Type=negative 28 עָשׂ֑וּ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=they.did|Ref=JER_32:23!18|MId=o240320230181|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:240320210031;A1:240320230121;|Type=qatal 29-30 וַתַּקְרֵ֣א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_32:23!19|MId=o240320230191|Strong=2050b 30 תַּקְרֵ֣א קָרָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=you.have.caused.to.happen.to|Ref=JER_32:23!19|MId=o240320230192|Strong=7122|Frame=AA:240320170021;A0:240320230202;A1:240320230232;|Type=wayyiqtol 31-32 אֹתָ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JER_32:23!20|MId=o240320230201|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 32 ָ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=JER_32:23!20|MId=o240320230202|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 33 אֵ֥ת אֵת ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_32:23!21|MId=o240320230211|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 34 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 xcomp _ Gloss=all|Ref=JER_32:23!22|MId=o240320230221|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 35-36 הָרָעָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 36 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_32:23!23|MId=o240320230231|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 36 רָעָ֖ה רָעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 34 compound:smixut _ Gloss=calamity|Ref=JER_32:23!23|MId=o240320230232|Strong=7451b 37-38 הַזֹּֽאת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 38 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_32:23!24|MId=o240320230241|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 38 זֹּֽאת זֹאת DET _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 36 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=JER_32:23!24|MId=o240320230242|Strong=2063|Type=demonstrative 39 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 38 punct _ Ref=JER_32:23!24 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּבֹאוּ *they came* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יִּֽרְשׁוּ *they took possession of* | wayyiqtol · qal | | ָהּ *it* | | | | **not** שָׁמְעוּ *they listened* | qatal · qal | | | | | | **not** הָלָכוּ *they walked* | qatal · qal | | | | | | צִוִּיתָה *you had commanded* | qatal · piel | | | | | | עֲשׂוֹת *do* | infinitive construct · qal | | כָּל־ *all* | | | | **not** עָשׂוּ *they did* | qatal · qal | | כָּל־ *all* | | | | תַּקְרֵא *you have caused to happen to* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | ָם *them* | רָעָה *calamity* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְעָלוּ וְאַחְסִינוּ יָתָהּ וְלָא קַבִּילוּ לְמֵימְרָךְ וּבְאוֹרַיְתָךְ לָא הַלִיכוּ יַת כָּל דְפַקֵידְתָּא לְהוֹן לְמֶעְבֵּד לָא עֲבָדוּ וַעֲרַעַת יַתְהוֹן יַת כָּל בִּישְׁתָּא הָדָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and they came in, and possessed it; but they hearkened not to Thy voice, neither walked in Thy law; they have done nothing of all that Thou commandedst them to do; therefore Thou hast caused all this evil to befall them;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.898/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:806`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 32:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.32.22/) - next →: [Jeremiah 32:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.32.24/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/32/)