--- title: Jeremiah 32:24 — behold the mounds, they are come unto the city to take it; and the c… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: behold the mounds, they are come unto the city to take it; and the city is given into the hand of the Chaldeans that fight against it, because of the sword, and of the famine, and of the pestilence; and what Thou hast spoken is come to pass; and, behold, Thou seest it. Who acts: mounds, Chaldeans, T --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.32.24/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/32/) / 32:24 # Jeremiah 32:24 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** mounds, Chaldeans, Thou · **What happens:** behold, come, take, give, fight, speak · **To what, where:** mounds, land, city, hand · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Jeremiah 32:24 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — mounds, Chaldeans, Thou — and what happens in the verse to mounds, land, city, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הִנֵּ֣ה הַסֹּלְל֗וֹת בָּ֣אוּ הָעִיר֮ לְלָכְדָהּ֒ וְהָעִ֣יר נִתְּנָ֗ה בְּיַ֤ד הַכַּשְׂדִּים֙ הַנִּלְחָמִ֣ים עָלֶ֔יהָ מִפְּנֵ֛י הַחֶ֥רֶב וְהָרָעָ֖ב וְהַדָּ֑בֶר וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבַּ֛רְתָּ הָיָ֖ה וְהִנְּךָ֥ רֹאֶֽה׃ [behold the mounds, they are come unto the city to take it; and the city is given into the hand of the Chaldeans that fight against it, because of the sword, and of the famine, and of the pestilence; and what Thou hast spoken is come to pass; and, behold, Thou seest it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.899/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:807 # text = הִנֵּ֣ה הַסֹּלְל֗וֹת בָּ֣אוּ הָעִיר֮ לְלָכְדָהּ֒ וְהָעִ֣יר נִתְּנָ֗ה בְּיַ֤ד הַכַּשְׂדִּים֙ הַנִּלְחָמִ֣ים עָלֶ֔יהָ מִפְּנֵ֛י הַחֶ֥רֶב וְהָרָעָ֖ב וְהַדָּ֑בֶר וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבַּ֛רְתָּ הָיָ֖ה וְהִנְּךָ֥ רֹאֶֽה׃ # verse = JER.32.24 1 הִנֵּ֣ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 4 discourse _ Gloss=there!|Ref=JER_32:24!1|MId=o240320240011|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 2-3 הַסֹּלְל֗וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 3 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_32:24!2|MId=o240320240021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 3 סֹּלְל֗וֹת סֹלְלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ Gloss=mounds|Ref=JER_32:24!2|MId=o240320240022|Strong=5550 4 בָּ֣אוּ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.have.come|Ref=JER_32:24!3|MId=o240320240031|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:240320240022;|Type=qatal 5-6 הָעִיר֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_32:24!4|MId=o240320240041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 עִיר֮ עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 obl _ Gloss=city|Ref=JER_32:24!4|MId=o240320240042|Strong=5892 7-9 לְלָכְדָהּ֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_32:24!5|MId=o240320240051|Strong=3807a 8 לָכְד לָכַד VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 4 advcl _ Gloss=capture|Ref=JER_32:24!5|MId=o240320240052|Strong=3920|Frame=A0:240320240022;A1:240320240053;|Type=infinitive_construct 9 ָהּ֒ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 obj _ Gloss=it|Ref=JER_32:24!5|MId=o240320240053|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 10-12 וְהָעִ֣יר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_32:24!6|MId=o240320240061|Strong=2050b 11 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_32:24!6|MId=o240320240062|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 עִ֣יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ Gloss=city|Ref=JER_32:24!6|MId=o240320240063|Strong=5892 13 נִתְּנָ֗ה נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=it.has.been.given|Ref=JER_32:24!7|MId=o240320240071|Strong=5414|Frame=A1:240320240063;|Type=qatal 14-15 בְּיַ֤ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JER_32:24!8|MId=o240320240081|Strong=0871a 15 יַ֤ד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=the.hand|Ref=JER_32:24!8|MId=o240320240082|Strong=3027 16-17 הַכַּשְׂדִּים֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JER_32:24!9|MId=o240320240091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 כַּשְׂדִּים֙ כַּשְׂדִּים PROPN _ _ 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.Chaldeans|Ref=JER_32:24!9|MId=o240320240092|Strong=3778 18-19 הַנִּלְחָמִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 19 mark _ Gloss=[who|Ref=JER_32:24!10|MId=o240320240101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 נִּלְחָמִ֣ים לָחַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur 17 acl:relcl _ Gloss=are].fighting|Ref=JER_32:24!10|MId=o240320240102|Strong=3898|Frame=A0:240320240092;|Type=participle_active 20-21 עָלֶ֔יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 עָלֶ֔י עַל ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JER_32:24!11|MId=o240320240111|Strong=5921 21 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=JER_32:24!11|MId=o240320240112|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 22-23 מִפְּנֵ֛י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=because|Ref=JER_32:24!12|MId=o240320240121|Strong=4480 23 פְּנֵ֛י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 13 obl _ Gloss=of|Ref=JER_32:24!12|MId=o240320240122|Strong=6440 24-25 הַחֶ֥רֶב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_32:24!13|MId=o240320240131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 חֶ֥רֶב חֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=sword|Ref=JER_32:24!13|MId=o240320240132|Strong=2719 26-28 וְהָרָעָ֖ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_32:24!14|MId=o240320240141|Strong=2050b 27 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_32:24!14|MId=o240320240142|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 רָעָ֖ב רָעָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 conj _ Gloss=famine|Ref=JER_32:24!14|MId=o240320240143|Strong=7458 29-31 וְהַדָּ֑בֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_32:24!15|MId=o240320240151|Strong=2050b 30 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 31 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_32:24!15|MId=o240320240152|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 31 דָּ֑בֶר דֶּבֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 conj _ Gloss=pestilence|Ref=JER_32:24!15|MId=o240320240153|Strong=1698 32-33 וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 35 cc _ Gloss=and.[that]|Ref=JER_32:24!16|MId=o240320240161|Strong=2050b 33 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 34 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JER_32:24!16|MId=o240320240162|Strong=0834|Type=relative 34 דִּבַּ֛רְתָּ דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 35 nsubj _ Gloss=you.spoke|Ref=JER_32:24!17|MId=o240320240171|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:240320170021;|Type=qatal 35 הָיָ֖ה הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=it.has.happened|Ref=JER_32:24!18|MId=o240320240181|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:240320240171;|Type=qatal 36-38 וְהִנְּךָ֥ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 39 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_32:24!19|MId=o240320240191|Strong=2050b 37 הִנּ הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 39 nsubj _ Gloss=there|Ref=JER_32:24!19|MId=o240320240192|Strong=2009|Type=interjection 38 ְךָ֥ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 37 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=JER_32:24!19|MId=o240320240193|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 39 רֹאֶֽה רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 4 conj _ Gloss=[are].seeing.[it]|Ref=JER_32:24!20|MId=o240320240201|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:240320240193;A1:240320240171;|Type=participle_active|SpaceAfter=No 40 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 39 punct _ Ref=JER_32:24!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | בָּאוּ *they have come* | qatal · qal | סֹּלְלוֹת *mounds* | | | | | לָכְד *capture* | infinitive construct · qal | סֹּלְלוֹת *mounds* | ָהּ *it* | | | | נִתְּנָה *it has been given* | qatal · niphal | | עִיר *city* | | | | נִּלְחָמִים *are\] fighting* | participle active · niphal | כַּשְׂדִּים *the Chaldeans* | | | | | דִּבַּרְתָּ *you spoke* | qatal · piel | | | | | | הָיָה *it has happened* | qatal · qal | דִּבַּרְתָּ *you spoke* | | | | | רֹאֶֽה *\[are\] seeing \[it\]* | participle active · qal | ְךָ *you* | דִּבַּרְתָּ *you spoke* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} הָא מַלְיָתָא עָלוּ עַל קַרְתָּא לְמִכְבְּשָׁהּ וְקַרְתָּא אִתְמְסָרַת בִּידָא דְכַסְדָאֵי דְמַגִיחִין קְרָבָא עֲלָהּ מִן קֳדָם דְקַטְלִין בְּחַרְבָּא וְכַפְנָא וּמוֹתָא וּדְמַלֵילְתָּא הֲוָה וּקְדָמָךְ גְלֵי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [behold the mounds, they are come unto the city to take it; and the city is given into the hand of the Chaldeans that fight against it, because of the sword, and of the famine, and of the pestilence; and what Thou hast spoken is come to pass; and, behold, Thou seest it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.899/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:807`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 32:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.32.23/) - next →: [Jeremiah 32:25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.32.25/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/32/)