--- title: Jeremiah 34:1 — The word which came unto Jeremiah from the LORD, when Nebuchadrezzar… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: The word which came unto Jeremiah from the LORD, when Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon, and all his army, and all the kingdoms of the land of his dominion, and all the peoples, fought against Jerusalem, and against all the cities thereof, saying: Who acts: word, Nebuchadrezzar king. Jeremiah 34:1 in H --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.34.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 34](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/34/) / 34:1 # Jeremiah 34:1 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** word, Nebuchadrezzar king · **What happens:** come, fight, say · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Jeremiah 34:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — word, Nebuchadrezzar king — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הַדָּבָ֛ר אֲשֶׁר־הָיָ֥ה אֶֽל־יִרְמְיָ֖הוּ מֵאֵ֣ת יְהוָ֑ה וּנְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֣ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֣ל ׀ וְכָל־חֵיל֡וֹ וְכָל־מַמְלְכ֣וֹת אֶרֶץ֩ מֶמְשֶׁ֨לֶת יָד֜וֹ וְכָל־הָעַמִּ֗ים נִלְחָמִ֧ים עַל־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֛ם וְעַל־כָּל־עָרֶ֖יהָ לֵאמֹֽר׃ [The word which came unto Jeremiah from the LORD, when Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon, and all his army, and all the kingdoms of the land of his dominion, and all the peoples, fought against Jerusalem, and against all the cities thereof, saying:](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.947/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:854 # text = הַדָּבָ֛ר אֲשֶׁר־הָיָ֥ה אֶֽל־יִרְמְיָ֖הוּ מֵאֵ֣ת יְהוָ֑ה וּנְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֣ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֣ל ׀ וְכָל־חֵיל֡וֹ וְכָל־מַמְלְכ֣וֹת אֶרֶץ֩ מֶמְשֶׁ֨לֶת יָד֜וֹ וְכָל־הָעַמִּ֗ים נִלְחָמִ֧ים עַל־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֛ם וְעַל־כָּל־עָרֶ֖יהָ לֵאמֹֽר׃ # verse = JER.34.1 1-2 הַדָּבָ֛ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 2 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_34:1!1|MId=o240340010011|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 2 דָּבָ֛ר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=word|Ref=JER_34:1!1|MId=o240340010012|Strong=1697 3 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 6 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JER_34:1!2|MId=o240340010021|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 4 הָיָ֥ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 cop _ Gloss=it.came|Ref=JER_34:1!3|MId=o240340010031|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:240340010012;|Type=qatal 5 אֶֽל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_34:1!4|MId=o240340010041|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 6 יִרְמְיָ֖הוּ יִרְמְיָהוּ PROPN _ _ 2 acl:relcl _ Gloss=Jeremiah|Ref=JER_34:1!5|MId=o240340010051|Strong=3414a 7-8 מֵאֵ֣ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JER_34:1!6|MId=o240340010061|Strong=4480 8 אֵ֣ת אֵת ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JER_34:1!6|MId=o240340010062|Strong=0854 9 יְהוָ֑ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 6 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JER_34:1!7|MId=o240340010071|Strong=3068 10-11 וּנְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_34:1!8|MId=o240340010081|Strong=2050b 11 נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֣ר נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּר PROPN _ _ 30 nsubj _ Gloss=Nebuchadnezzar|Ref=JER_34:1!8|MId=o240340010082|Strong=5019 12 מֶֽלֶךְ־ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 appos _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=JER_34:1!9|MId=o240340010091|Strong=4428|SpaceAfter=No 13 בָּבֶ֣ל בָּבֶל PROPN _ _ 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Babylon|Ref=JER_34:1!10|MId=o240340010101|Strong=0894 14 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 13 punct _ Ref=JER_34:1!10 15-16 וְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_34:1!11|MId=o240340010111|Strong=2050b 16 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JER_34:1!11|MId=o240340010112|Strong=3605 17-18 חֵיל֡וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 חֵיל חַיִל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=army|Ref=JER_34:1!12|MId=o240340010121|Strong=2428 18 ֡וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JER_34:1!12|MId=o240340010122|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 19-20 וְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_34:1!13|MId=o240340010131|Strong=2050b 20 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JER_34:1!13|MId=o240340010132|Strong=3605 21 מַמְלְכ֣וֹת מַמְלָכָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=[the].kingdoms|Ref=JER_34:1!14|MId=o240340010141|Strong=4467 22 אֶרֶץ֩ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].earth|Ref=JER_34:1!15|MId=o240340010151|Strong=0776 23 מֶמְשֶׁ֨לֶת מֶמְשֶׁלֶת NOUN _ Number=Sing 21 appos _ Gloss=the.rule|Ref=JER_34:1!16|MId=o240340010161|Strong=4475 24-25 יָד֜וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.hand|Ref=JER_34:1!17|MId=o240340010171|Strong=3027 25 ֜וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JER_34:1!17|MId=o240340010172|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 26-27 וְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_34:1!18|MId=o240340010181|Strong=2050b 27 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JER_34:1!18|MId=o240340010182|Strong=3605 28-29 הָעַמִּ֗ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 29 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_34:1!19|MId=o240340010191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 עַמִּ֗ים עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=peoples|Ref=JER_34:1!19|MId=o240340010192|Strong=5971 30 נִלְחָמִ֧ים לָחַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur 2 conj _ Gloss=[were].fighting|Ref=JER_34:1!20|MId=o240340010201|Strong=3898|Frame=A0:240340010082;240340010121;240340010141;240340010192;|Type=participle_active 31 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JER_34:1!21|MId=o240340010211|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 32 יְרוּשָׁלִַ֛ם יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם PROPN _ _ 30 obl _ Gloss=Jerusalem|Ref=JER_34:1!22|MId=o240340010221|Strong=3389 33-34 וְעַל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 35 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_34:1!23|MId=o240340010231|Strong=2050b 34 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JER_34:1!23|MId=o240340010232|Strong=5921 35 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 32 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JER_34:1!24|MId=o240340010241|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 36-37 עָרֶ֖יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 עָרֶ֖י עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 35 compound:smixut _ Gloss=cities|Ref=JER_34:1!25|MId=o240340010251|Strong=5892 37 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=JER_34:1!25|MId=o240340010252|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 38-39 לֵאמֹֽר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 2 ccomp _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=JER_34:1!26|MId=o240340010261|Strong=3807a 39 אמֹֽר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 38 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=JER_34:1!26|MId=o240340010262|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:240340010012;|Type=infinitive_construct 40 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 38 punct _ Ref=JER_34:1!26 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: a frame; the quote follows - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הָיָה *it came* | qatal · qal | דָּבָר *word* | | | | | נִלְחָמִים *\[were\] fighting* | participle active · niphal | נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּר *Nebuchadnezzar* + חֵיל *army* + מַמְלְכוֹת *\[the\] kingdoms* + עַמִּים *peoples* | | | | | אמֹֽר | infinitive construct · qal | דָּבָר *word* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} פִּתְגַם נְבוּאָה הֲוָה עִם יִרְמְיָה מִן קֳדָם יְיָ וּנְבוּכַדְרֶאצַר מַלְכָּא דְבָבֶל וְכָל מַשִׁרְיָתֵיהּ וְכָל מַלְכְּוַת אַרְעָא שׁוּלְטַן יְדֵיהּ וְכָל עַמְמַיָא מַגִיחִין קְרָבָא עַל יְרוּשְׁלֵם וְעַל כָּל קִרְוָהָא לְמֵימָר: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [The word which came unto Jeremiah from the LORD, when Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon, and all his army, and all the kingdoms of the land of his dominion, and all the peoples, fought against Jerusalem, and against all the cities thereof, saying:](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.947/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:854`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 33:26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.33.26/) - next →: [Jeremiah 34:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.34.2/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 34](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/34/)