--- title: Jeremiah 36:1 — And it came to pass in the fourth year of Jehoiakim the son of Josia… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it came to pass in the fourth year of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah, king of Judah, that this word came unto Jeremiah from the LORD, saying: Who acts: it, word. Jeremiah 36:1 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.36.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 36](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/36/) / 36:1 # Jeremiah 36:1 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** it, word · **What happens:** come, pass, say · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Jeremiah 36:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — it, word — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַֽיְהִי֙ בַּשָּׁנָ֣ה הָרְבִיעִ֔ת לִיהוֹיָקִ֥ים בֶּן־יֹאשִׁיָּ֖הוּ מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֑ה הָיָ֞ה הַדָּבָ֤ר הַזֶּה֙ אֶֽל־יִרְמְיָ֔הוּ מֵאֵ֥ת יְהוָ֖ה לֵאמֹֽר׃ [And it came to pass in the fourth year of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah, king of Judah, that this word came unto Jeremiah from the LORD, saying:](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.988/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:895 # text = וַֽיְהִי֙ בַּשָּׁנָ֣ה הָרְבִיעִ֔ת לִיהוֹיָקִ֥ים בֶּן־יֹאשִׁיָּ֖הוּ מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֑ה הָיָ֞ה הַדָּבָ֤ר הַזֶּה֙ אֶֽל־יִרְמְיָ֔הוּ מֵאֵ֥ת יְהוָ֖ה לֵאמֹֽר׃ # verse = JER.36.1 1-2 וַֽיְהִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_36:1!1|MId=o240360010011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִי֙ הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=JER_36:1!1|MId=o240360010012|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 3-5 בַּשָּׁנָ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JER_36:1!2|MId=o240360010021|Strong=0871a 4 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_36:1!2|MId=o240360010021ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 שָּׁנָ֣ה שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=year|Ref=JER_36:1!2|MId=o240360010022|Strong=8141 6-7 הָרְבִיעִ֔ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_36:1!3|MId=o240360010031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 רְבִיעִ֔ת רְבִיעִי NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 5 nummod _ Gloss=fourth|Ref=JER_36:1!3|MId=o240360010032|Strong=7243|Type=ordinal_number 8-9 לִיהוֹיָקִ֥ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=JER_36:1!4|MId=o240360010041|Strong=3807a 9 יהוֹיָקִ֥ים יְהוֹיָקִים PROPN _ _ 5 nmod _ Gloss=Jehoiakim|Ref=JER_36:1!4|MId=o240360010042|Strong=3079 10 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=JER_36:1!5|MId=o240360010051|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 11 יֹאשִׁיָּ֖הוּ יֹאשִׁיָּהוּ PROPN _ _ 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Josiah|Ref=JER_36:1!6|MId=o240360010061|Strong=2977a 12 מֶ֣לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 appos _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=JER_36:1!7|MId=o240360010071|Strong=4428 13 יְהוּדָ֑ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Judah|Ref=JER_36:1!8|MId=o240360010081|Strong=3063 14 הָיָ֞ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 25 cop _ Gloss=it.came|Ref=JER_36:1!9|MId=o240360010091|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:240360010102;|Type=qatal 15-16 הַדָּבָ֤ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_36:1!10|MId=o240360010101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 דָּבָ֤ר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ Gloss=word|Ref=JER_36:1!10|MId=o240360010102|Strong=1697 17-18 הַזֶּה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_36:1!11|MId=o240360010111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 זֶּה֙ זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 16 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=JER_36:1!11|MId=o240360010112|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 19 אֶֽל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_36:1!12|MId=o240360010121|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 20 יִרְמְיָ֔הוּ יִרְמְיָהוּ PROPN _ _ 25 obl _ Gloss=Jeremiah|Ref=JER_36:1!13|MId=o240360010131|Strong=3414a 21-22 מֵאֵ֥ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JER_36:1!14|MId=o240360010141|Strong=4480 22 אֵ֥ת אֵת ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JER_36:1!14|MId=o240360010142|Strong=0854 23 יְהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 25 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JER_36:1!15|MId=o240360010151|Strong=3068 24-25 לֵאמֹֽר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 2 ccomp _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=JER_36:1!16|MId=o240360010161|Strong=3807a 25 אמֹֽר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 24 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=JER_36:1!16|MId=o240360010162|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:240360010102;|Type=infinitive_construct 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=JER_36:1!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: a frame; the quote follows - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הָיָה *it came* | qatal · qal | דָּבָר *word* | | | | | אמֹֽר | infinitive construct · qal | דָּבָר *word* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה בְּשַׁתָּא רְבִיעֵיתָא לִיהוֹיָקִים בַּר יֹאשִׁיָה מְלַךְ שִׁבְטָא דְבֵית יְהוּדָה הֲוָה פִּתְגָמָא הָדֵין עִם יִרְמְיָה מִן קֳדָם יְיָ לְמֵימָר: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it came to pass in the fourth year of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah, king of Judah, that this word came unto Jeremiah from the LORD, saying:](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.988/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:895`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 35:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.35.19/) - next →: [Jeremiah 36:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.36.2/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 36](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/36/)