--- title: Jeremiah 36:18 — Then Baruch answered them: 'He pronounced all these words unto me wi… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Then Baruch answered them: 'He pronounced all these words unto me with his mouth, and I wrote them with ink in the book.' Who acts: Baruch, I. Jeremiah 36:18 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.36.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 36](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/36/) / 36:18 # Jeremiah 36:18 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** Baruch, I · **What happens:** answer, pronounce, write · **To what, where:** princes, words, book · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Jeremiah 36:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Baruch, I — and what happens in the verse to princes, words, book, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לָהֶם֙ בָּר֔וּךְ מִפִּיו֙ יִקְרָ֣א אֵלַ֔י אֵ֥ת כָּל־הַדְּבָרִ֖ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה וַאֲנִ֛י כֹּתֵ֥ב עַל־הַסֵּ֖פֶר בַּדְּיֽוֹ׃פ [Then Baruch answered them: 'He pronounced all these words unto me with his mouth, and I wrote them with ink in the book.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1005/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:912 # text = וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לָהֶם֙ בָּר֔וּךְ מִפִּיו֙ יִקְרָ֣א אֵלַ֔י אֵ֥ת כָּל־הַדְּבָרִ֖ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה וַאֲנִ֛י כֹּתֵ֥ב עַל־הַסֵּ֖פֶר בַּדְּיֽוֹ׃פ # verse = JER.36.18 1-2 וַיֹּ֤אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_36:18!1|MId=o240360180011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֤אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=JER_36:18!1|MId=o240360180012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:240360180031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 לָהֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 ל לְ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_36:18!2|MId=o240360180021|Strong=3807a 4 ָהֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=JER_36:18!2|MId=o240360180022|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 5 בָּר֔וּךְ בָּרוּךְ PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Baruch|Ref=JER_36:18!3|MId=o240360180031|Strong=1263 6-8 מִפִּיו֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JER_36:18!4|MId=o240360180041|Strong=4480 7 פִּי פֶּה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=mouth|Ref=JER_36:18!4|MId=o240360180042|Strong=6310 8 ו֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JER_36:18!4|MId=o240360180043|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 9 יִקְרָ֣א קָרָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 ccomp _ Gloss=he.proclaimed|Ref=JER_36:18!5|MId=o240360180051|Strong=7121|Frame=A0:240360100061;A1:240360180092;|Type=yiqtol 10-11 אֵלַ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 אֵל אֶל ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_36:18!6|MId=o240360180061|Strong=0413 11 ַ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 9 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=JER_36:18!6|MId=o240360180062|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 12 אֵ֥ת אֵת ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_36:18!7|MId=o240360180071|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 13 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JER_36:18!8|MId=o240360180081|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 14-15 הַדְּבָרִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_36:18!9|MId=o240360180091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 דְּבָרִ֖ים דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=words|Ref=JER_36:18!9|MId=o240360180092|Strong=1697 16-17 הָאֵ֑לֶּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_36:18!10|MId=o240360180101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 אֵ֑לֶּה אֵלֶּה DET _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 15 det _ Gloss=these|Ref=JER_36:18!10|MId=o240360180102|Strong=0428|Type=demonstrative 18-19 וַאֲנִ֛י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_36:18!11|MId=o240360180111|Strong=2050b 19 אֲנִ֛י אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=JER_36:18!11|MId=o240360180112|Strong=0589|Type=personal 20 כֹּתֵ֥ב כָּתַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 9 conj _ Gloss=[was].writing|Ref=JER_36:18!12|MId=o240360180121|Strong=3789|Frame=A0:240360180112;A1:240360180092;|Type=participle_active 21 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JER_36:18!13|MId=o240360180131|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 22-23 הַסֵּ֖פֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_36:18!14|MId=o240360180141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 סֵּ֖פֶר סֵפֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 obl _ Gloss=scroll|Ref=JER_36:18!14|MId=o240360180142|Strong=5612 24-26 בַּדְּיֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JER_36:18!15|MId=o240360180151|Strong=0871a 25 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_36:18!15|MId=o240360180151ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 דְּיֽוֹ דְּיוֹ NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 20 obl _ Gloss=ink|Ref=JER_36:18!15|MId=o240360180152|Strong=1773 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=JER_36:18!15|SpaceAfter=No 28 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=JER_36:18!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | בָּרוּךְ *Baruch* | | | | | יִקְרָא *he proclaimed* | yiqtol · qal | | דְּבָרִים *words* | | | | כֹּתֵב *\[was\] writing* | participle active · qal | אֲנִי *I* | דְּבָרִים *words* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר לְהוֹן בָּרוּךְ מִפּוּמֵיהּ קָרֵי לִי יַת כָּל פִּתְגָמַיָא הָאִלֵין וַאֲנָא כָּתֵיב עַל סִפְרָא בִּדְיוּתָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Then Baruch answered them: 'He pronounced all these words unto me with his mouth, and I wrote them with ink in the book.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1005/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:912`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 36:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.36.17/) - next →: [Jeremiah 36:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.36.19/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 36](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/36/)