--- title: Jeremiah 36:23 — And it came to pass, when Jehudi had read three or four columns, tha… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it came to pass, when Jehudi had read three or four columns, that he cut it with the penknife, and cast it into the fire that was in the brazier, until all the roll was consumed in the fire that was in the brazier. Who acts: brazier, Jehudi, fire. Jeremiah 36:23 in Hebrew with its dependency tre --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.36.23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 36](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/36/) / 36:23 # Jeremiah 36:23 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** brazier, Jehudi, fire · **What happens:** come, pass, read, cut, cast, be · **To what, where:** three columns, brazier, fire, roll This is Jeremiah 36:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — brazier, Jehudi, fire — and what happens in the verse to three columns, brazier, fire, roll, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְהִ֣י ׀ כִּקְר֣וֹא יְהוּדִ֗י שָׁלֹ֣שׁ דְּלָתוֹת֮ וְאַרְבָּעָה֒ יִֽקְרָעֶ֙הָ֙ בְּתַ֣עַר הַסֹּפֵ֔ר וְהַשְׁלֵ֕ךְ אֶל־הָאֵ֖שׁ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֶל־הָאָ֑ח עַד־תֹּם֙ כָּל־הַמְּגִלָּ֔ה עַל־הָאֵ֖שׁ אֲשֶׁ֥ר עַל־הָאָֽח׃ [And it came to pass, when Jehudi had read three or four columns, that he cut it with the penknife, and cast it into the fire that was in the brazier, until all the roll was consumed in the fire that was in the brazier.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1011/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:917 # text = וַיְהִ֣י ׀ כִּקְר֣וֹא יְהוּדִ֗י שָׁלֹ֣שׁ דְּלָתוֹת֮ וְאַרְבָּעָה֒ יִֽקְרָעֶ֙הָ֙ בְּתַ֣עַר הַסֹּפֵ֔ר וְהַשְׁלֵ֕ךְ אֶל־הָאֵ֖שׁ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֶל־הָאָ֑ח עַד־תֹּם֙ כָּל־הַמְּגִלָּ֔ה עַל־הָאֵ֖שׁ אֲשֶׁ֥ר עַל־הָאָֽח׃ # verse = JER.36.23 1-2 וַיְהִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_36:23!1|MId=o240360230011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִ֣י הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=JER_36:23!1|MId=o240360230012|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 3 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 2 punct _ Ref=JER_36:23!1 4-5 כִּקְר֣וֹא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 כִּ כְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=just|Ref=JER_36:23!2|MId=o240360230021|Strong=3509a 5 קְר֣וֹא קָרָא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 2 advcl _ Gloss=as.read.aloud|Ref=JER_36:23!2|MId=o240360230022|Strong=7121|Frame=A0:240360230031;A1:240360230051;240360230062;|Type=infinitive_construct 6 יְהוּדִ֗י יְהוּדִי PROPN _ _ 5 nsubj _ Gloss=Jehudi|Ref=JER_36:23!3|MId=o240360230031|Strong=3065 7 שָׁלֹ֣שׁ שָׁלֹשׁ NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 nummod _ Gloss=three|Ref=JER_36:23!4|MId=o240360230041|Strong=7969|Type=cardinal_number 8 דְּלָתוֹת֮ דֶּלֶת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 5 obj _ Gloss=doors|Ref=JER_36:23!5|MId=o240360230051|Strong=1817 9-10 וְאַרְבָּעָה֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_36:23!6|MId=o240360230061|Strong=2050b 10 אַרְבָּעָה֒ אַרְבַּע NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 conj _ Gloss=four|Ref=JER_36:23!6|MId=o240360230062|Strong=0702|Type=cardinal_number 11-12 יִֽקְרָעֶ֙הָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 יִֽקְרָע קָרַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=he|Ref=JER_36:23!7|MId=o240360230071|Strong=7167|Frame=A0:240360220013;A1:240360230072;|Type=yiqtol 12 ֶ֙הָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 obj _ Gloss=tore.it|Ref=JER_36:23!7|MId=o240360230072|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 13-14 בְּתַ֣עַר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JER_36:23!8|MId=o240360230081|Strong=0871a 14 תַ֣עַר תַּעַר NOUN _ Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=the.knife|Ref=JER_36:23!8|MId=o240360230082|Strong=8593 15-16 הַסֹּפֵ֔ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JER_36:23!9|MId=o240360230091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 סֹּפֵ֔ר סֹפֵר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.scribe|Ref=JER_36:23!9|MId=o240360230092|Strong=5608a 17-18 וְהַשְׁלֵ֕ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_36:23!10|MId=o240360230101|Strong=2050b 18 הַשְׁלֵ֕ךְ שָׁלַךְ VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 2 conj _ Gloss=he.threw.[it]|Ref=JER_36:23!10|MId=o240360230102|Strong=7993|Frame=AA:240360220013;A0:240360210072;|Type=infinitive_absolute 19 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=into|Ref=JER_36:23!11|MId=o240360230111|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 20-21 הָאֵ֖שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_36:23!12|MId=o240360230121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 אֵ֖שׁ אֵשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=fire|Ref=JER_36:23!12|MId=o240360230122|Strong=0784 22 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 25 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JER_36:23!13|MId=o240360230131|Strong=0834|Type=relative 23 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=[was].to|Ref=JER_36:23!14|MId=o240360230141|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 24-25 הָאָ֑ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_36:23!15|MId=o240360230151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 אָ֑ח אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 acl:relcl _ Gloss=fire-pot|Ref=JER_36:23!15|MId=o240360230152|Strong=0254 26 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=until|Ref=JER_36:23!16|MId=o240360230161|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 27 תֹּם֙ תָּמַם VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 18 advcl _ Gloss=was.consumed|Ref=JER_36:23!17|MId=o240360230171|Strong=8552|Frame=A0:240360230192;|Type=infinitive_construct 28 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JER_36:23!18|MId=o240360230181|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 29-30 הַמְּגִלָּ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 30 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_36:23!19|MId=o240360230191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 30 מְּגִלָּ֔ה מְגִלָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 28 compound:smixut _ Gloss=scroll|Ref=JER_36:23!19|MId=o240360230192|Strong=4039 31 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JER_36:23!20|MId=o240360230201|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 32-33 הָאֵ֖שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 33 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_36:23!21|MId=o240360230211|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 33 אֵ֖שׁ אֵשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 27 obl _ Gloss=fire|Ref=JER_36:23!21|MId=o240360230212|Strong=0784 34 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 37 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JER_36:23!22|MId=o240360230221|Strong=0834|Type=relative 35 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 37 case _ Gloss=[was].on|Ref=JER_36:23!23|MId=o240360230231|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 36-37 הָאָֽח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 37 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_36:23!24|MId=o240360230241|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 37 אָֽח אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 33 acl:relcl _ Gloss=fire-pot|Ref=JER_36:23!24|MId=o240360230242|Strong=0254 38 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 37 punct _ Ref=JER_36:23!24 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | קְרוֹא *as read aloud* | infinitive construct · qal | יְהוּדִי *Jehudi* | דְּלָתוֹת *doors* + אַרְבָּעָה *four* | | | | יִֽקְרָע *he* | yiqtol · qal | | ֶהָ *tore it* | | | | הַשְׁלֵךְ *he threw \[it\]* | infinitive absolute · hiphil | | | | | | תֹּם *was consumed* | infinitive construct · qal | מְּגִלָּה *scroll* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה כַּד קָרֵי יְהוּדִי תְּלַת פַּצִין וְאַרְבַּע בְּזַע בְּאִזְמֵיל סַפְרָא וּרְמֵי לְנוּרָא דִלְגוּמְרֵיהּ עַד דִשְׁלִימַת כָּל מְגִלְתָא עַל נוּרָא דְעַל גוּמְרֵי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it came to pass, when Jehudi had read three or four columns, that he cut it with the penknife, and cast it into the fire that was in the brazier, until all the roll was consumed in the fire that was in the brazier.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1011/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:917`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 36:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.36.22/) - next →: [Jeremiah 36:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.36.24/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 36](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/36/)