--- title: Jeremiah 38:1 — And Shephatiah the son of Mattan, and Gedaliah the son of Pashhur, a… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Shephatiah the son of Mattan, and Gedaliah the son of Pashhur, and Jucal the son of Shelemiah, and Pashhur the son of Malchiah, heard the words that Jeremiah spoke unto all the people, saying: Who acts: Shephatiah, Jeremiah. Jeremiah 38:1 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.38.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/38/) / 38:1 # Jeremiah 38:1 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** Shephatiah, Jeremiah · **What happens:** hear, speak, say · **To what, where:** words · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Jeremiah 38:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Shephatiah, Jeremiah — and what happens in the verse to words, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּשְׁמַ֞ע שְׁפַטְיָ֣ה בֶן־מַתָּ֗ן וּגְדַלְיָ֙הוּ֙ בֶּן־פַּשְׁח֔וּר וְיוּכַל֙ בֶּן־שֶׁ֣לֶמְיָ֔הוּ וּפַשְׁח֖וּר בֶּן־מַלְכִּיָּ֑ה אֶ֨ת־הַדְּבָרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֧ר יִרְמְיָ֛הוּ מְדַבֵּ֥ר אֶל־כָּל־הָעָ֖ם לֵאמֹֽר׃ס [And Shephatiah the son of Mattan, and Gedaliah the son of Pashhur, and Jucal the son of Shelemiah, and Pashhur the son of Malchiah, heard the words that Jeremiah spoke unto all the people, saying:](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1043/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:948 # text = וַיִּשְׁמַ֞ע שְׁפַטְיָ֣ה בֶן־מַתָּ֗ן וּגְדַלְיָ֙הוּ֙ בֶּן־פַּשְׁח֔וּר וְיוּכַל֙ בֶּן־שֶׁ֣לֶמְיָ֔הוּ וּפַשְׁח֖וּר בֶּן־מַלְכִּיָּ֑ה אֶ֨ת־הַדְּבָרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֧ר יִרְמְיָ֛הוּ מְדַבֵּ֥ר אֶל־כָּל־הָעָ֖ם לֵאמֹֽר׃ס # verse = JER.38.1 1-2 וַיִּשְׁמַ֞ע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_38:1!1|MId=o240380010011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּשְׁמַ֞ע שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.heard|Ref=JER_38:1!1|MId=o240380010012|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:240380010021;240380010052;240380010082;240380010112;A1:240380010152;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 שְׁפַטְיָ֣ה שְׁפַטְיָה PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Shephatiah|Ref=JER_38:1!2|MId=o240380010021|Strong=8203 4 בֶן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=JER_38:1!3|MId=o240380010031|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 5 מַתָּ֗ן מַתָּן PROPN _ _ 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Mattan|Ref=JER_38:1!4|MId=o240380010041|Strong=4977 6-7 וּגְדַלְיָ֙הוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_38:1!5|MId=o240380010051|Strong=2050b 7 גְדַלְיָ֙הוּ֙ גְּדַלְיָהוּ PROPN _ _ 3 conj _ Gloss=Gedaliah|Ref=JER_38:1!5|MId=o240380010052|Strong=1436a 8 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=JER_38:1!6|MId=o240380010061|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 9 פַּשְׁח֔וּר פַּשְׁחוּר PROPN _ _ 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Pashhur|Ref=JER_38:1!7|MId=o240380010071|Strong=6583 10-11 וְיוּכַל֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_38:1!8|MId=o240380010081|Strong=2050b 11 יוּכַל֙ יוּכַל PROPN _ _ 3 conj _ Gloss=Jucal|Ref=JER_38:1!8|MId=o240380010082|Strong=3116 12 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=JER_38:1!9|MId=o240380010091|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 13 שֶׁ֣לֶמְיָ֔הוּ שֶׁלֶמְיָהוּ PROPN _ _ 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Shelemiah|Ref=JER_38:1!10|MId=o240380010101|Strong=8018a 14-15 וּפַשְׁח֖וּר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_38:1!11|MId=o240380010111|Strong=2050b 15 פַשְׁח֖וּר פַּשְׁחוּר PROPN _ _ 3 conj _ Gloss=Pashhur|Ref=JER_38:1!11|MId=o240380010112|Strong=6583 16 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=JER_38:1!12|MId=o240380010121|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 17 מַלְכִּיָּ֑ה מַלְכִּיָּה PROPN _ _ 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Malkijah|Ref=JER_38:1!13|MId=o240380010131|Strong=4441 18 אֶ֨ת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_38:1!14|MId=o240380010141|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 19-20 הַדְּבָרִ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_38:1!15|MId=o240380010151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 דְּבָרִ֔ים דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obj _ Gloss=words|Ref=JER_38:1!15|MId=o240380010152|Strong=1697 21 אֲשֶׁ֧ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 23 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JER_38:1!16|MId=o240380010161|Strong=0834|Type=relative 22 יִרְמְיָ֛הוּ יִרְמְיָהוּ PROPN _ _ 23 nsubj _ Gloss=Jeremiah|Ref=JER_38:1!17|MId=o240380010171|Strong=3414a 23 מְדַבֵּ֥ר דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing 20 acl:relcl _ Gloss=[was].speaking|Ref=JER_38:1!18|MId=o240380010181|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:240380010171;A1:240380010152;|Type=participle_active 24 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_38:1!19|MId=o240380010191|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 25 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=JER_38:1!20|MId=o240380010201|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 26-27 הָעָ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 27 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_38:1!21|MId=o240380010211|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 27 עָ֖ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 compound:smixut _ Gloss=people|Ref=JER_38:1!21|MId=o240380010212|Strong=5971 28-29 לֵאמֹֽר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 23 ccomp _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=JER_38:1!22|MId=o240380010221|Strong=3807a 29 אמֹֽר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 28 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=JER_38:1!22|MId=o240380010222|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:240380010171;|Type=infinitive_construct 30 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=JER_38:1!22|SpaceAfter=No 31 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=JER_38:1!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: a frame; the quote follows - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּשְׁמַע *he heard* | wayyiqtol · qal | שְׁפַטְיָה *Shephatiah* + גְדַלְיָהוּ *Gedaliah* + יוּכַל *Jucal* + פַשְׁחוּר *Pashhur* | דְּבָרִים *words* | | | | מְדַבֵּר *\[was\] speaking* | participle active · piel | יִרְמְיָהוּ *Jeremiah* | דְּבָרִים *words* | | | | אמֹֽר | infinitive construct · qal | יִרְמְיָהוּ *Jeremiah* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּשְׁמַע שְׁפַטְיָה בַר מַתָּן וּגְדַלְיָהוּ בַר פַשְׁחוּר וְיוּכַל בַּר שֶׁלֶמְיָהוּ וּפַשְׁחוּר בַּר מַלְכִּיָה יַת פִּתְגָמַיָה דְיִרְמְיָה מְמַלֵיל עִם כָּל עַמָא לְמֵימָר: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Shephatiah the son of Mattan, and Gedaliah the son of Pashhur, and Jucal the son of Shelemiah, and Pashhur the son of Malchiah, heard the words that Jeremiah spoke unto all the people, saying:](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1043/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:948`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 37:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.37.21/) - next →: [Jeremiah 38:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.38.2/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/38/)