--- title: Jeremiah 38:18 — but if thou wilt not go forth to the king of Babylon's princes, then… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: but if thou wilt not go forth to the king of Babylon's princes, then shall this city be given into the hand of the Chaldeans, and they shall burn it with fire, and thou shalt not escape out of their hand.' Who acts: thou, princes. Jeremiah 38:18 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, J --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.38.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/38/) / 38:18 # Jeremiah 38:18 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** thou, princes · **What happens:** not go, give, burn, not escape · **To what, where:** city, hand This is Jeremiah 38:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, princes — and what happens in the verse to city, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְאִ֣ם לֹֽא־תֵצֵ֗א אֶל־שָׂרֵי֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ בָּבֶ֔ל וְנִתְּנָ֞ה הָעִ֤יר הַזֹּאת֙ בְּיַ֣ד הַכַּשְׂדִּ֔ים וּשְׂרָפ֖וּהָ בָּאֵ֑שׁ וְאַתָּ֖ה לֹֽא־תִמָּלֵ֥ט מִיָּדָֽם׃ס [but if thou wilt not go forth to the king of Babylon's princes, then shall this city be given into the hand of the Chaldeans, and they shall burn it with fire, and thou shalt not escape out of their hand.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1061/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:965 # text = וְאִ֣ם לֹֽא־תֵצֵ֗א אֶל־שָׂרֵי֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ בָּבֶ֔ל וְנִתְּנָ֞ה הָעִ֤יר הַזֹּאת֙ בְּיַ֣ד הַכַּשְׂדִּ֔ים וּשְׂרָפ֖וּהָ בָּאֵ֑שׁ וְאַתָּ֖ה לֹֽא־תִמָּלֵ֥ט מִיָּדָֽם׃ס # verse = JER.38.18 1-2 וְאִ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_38:18!1|MId=o240380180011|Strong=2050b 2 אִ֣ם אִם SCONJ _ _ 4 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=JER_38:18!1|MId=o240380180012|Strong=0518 3 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 4 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JER_38:18!2|MId=o240380180021|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 4 תֵצֵ֗א יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 10 advcl _ Gloss=you.will.go.out|Ref=JER_38:18!3|MId=o240380180031|Strong=3318|Frame=A0:240380170041;|Type=yiqtol 5 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_38:18!4|MId=o240380180041|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 6 שָׂרֵי֙ שַׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 obl _ Gloss=the.commanders|Ref=JER_38:18!5|MId=o240380180051|Strong=8269 7 מֶ֣לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.king|Ref=JER_38:18!6|MId=o240380180061|Strong=4428 8 בָּבֶ֔ל בָּבֶל PROPN _ _ 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Babylon|Ref=JER_38:18!7|MId=o240380180071|Strong=0894 9-10 וְנִתְּנָ֞ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_38:18!8|MId=o240380180081|Strong=2050b 10 נִתְּנָ֞ה נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.will.be.given|Ref=JER_38:18!8|MId=o240380180082|Strong=5414|Frame=A1:240380180092;|Type=weqatal 11-12 הָעִ֤יר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_38:18!9|MId=o240380180091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 עִ֤יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ Gloss=city|Ref=JER_38:18!9|MId=o240380180092|Strong=5892 13-14 הַזֹּאת֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_38:18!10|MId=o240380180101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 זֹּאת֙ זֹאת DET _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 12 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=JER_38:18!10|MId=o240380180102|Strong=2063|Type=demonstrative 15-16 בְּיַ֣ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JER_38:18!11|MId=o240380180111|Strong=0871a 16 יַ֣ד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=the.hand|Ref=JER_38:18!11|MId=o240380180112|Strong=3027 17-18 הַכַּשְׂדִּ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JER_38:18!12|MId=o240380180121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 כַּשְׂדִּ֔ים כַּשְׂדִּים PROPN _ _ 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.Chaldeans|Ref=JER_38:18!12|MId=o240380180122|Strong=3778 19-21 וּשְׂרָפ֖וּהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_38:18!13|MId=o240380180131|Strong=2050b 20 שְׂרָפ֖וּ שָׂרַף VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 10 conj _ Gloss=they|Ref=JER_38:18!13|MId=o240380180132|Strong=8313|Frame=A0:240380180122;A1:240380180133;|Type=weqatal 21 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obj _ Gloss=will.burn.it|Ref=JER_38:18!13|MId=o240380180133|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 22-24 בָּאֵ֑שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JER_38:18!14|MId=o240380180141|Strong=0871a 23 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 24 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_38:18!14|MId=o240380180141ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 24 אֵ֑שׁ אֵשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 20 obl _ Gloss=fire|Ref=JER_38:18!14|MId=o240380180142|Strong=0784 25-26 וְאַתָּ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_38:18!15|MId=o240380180151|Strong=2050b 26 אַתָּ֖ה אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=JER_38:18!15|MId=o240380180152|Strong=0859|Type=personal 27 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 28 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JER_38:18!16|MId=o240380180161|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 28 תִמָּלֵ֥ט מָלַט VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 10 conj _ Gloss=you.will.escape|Ref=JER_38:18!17|MId=o240380180171|Strong=4422|Frame=A0:240380180152;|Type=yiqtol 29-31 מִיָּדָֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JER_38:18!18|MId=o240380180181|Strong=4480 30 יָּד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 28 obl _ Gloss=hand|Ref=JER_38:18!18|MId=o240380180182|Strong=3027 31 ָֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JER_38:18!18|MId=o240380180183|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 32 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=JER_38:18!18|SpaceAfter=No 33 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=JER_38:18!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** תֵצֵא *you will go out* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | נִתְּנָה *it will be given* | weqatal · niphal | | עִיר *city* | | | | שְׂרָפוּ *they* | weqatal · qal | כַּשְׂדִּים *the Chaldeans* | הָ *will burn it* | | | | **not** תִמָּלֵט *you will escape* | yiqtol · niphal | אַתָּה *you* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאִם לָא תִפּוֹק לְוַת רַבְרְבֵי מַלְכָּא דְבָבֶל וְתִתְמְסַר קַרְתָּא הָדָא בִּידָא דְכַסְדָאֵי וְיוֹקְדִינָהּ בְּנוּרָא וְאַתְּ לָא תִשְׁתֵּיזֵיב מִידֵיהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [but if thou wilt not go forth to the king of Babylon's princes, then shall this city be given into the hand of the Chaldeans, and they shall burn it with fire, and thou shalt not escape out of their hand.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1061/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:965`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 38:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.38.17/) - next →: [Jeremiah 38:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.38.19/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/38/)