--- title: Jeremiah 38:23 — And they shall bring out all thy wives and thy children to the Chald… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And they shall bring out all thy wives and thy children to the Chaldeans; and thou shalt not escape out of their hand, but shalt be taken by the hand of the king of Babylon; and thou shalt cause this city to be burned with fire.' Who acts: women, thou, hand, city. Jeremiah 38:23 in Hebrew with its d --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.38.23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/38/) / 38:23 # Jeremiah 38:23 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** women, thou, hand, city · **What happens:** bring out, not escape, take, cause, burn · **To what, where:** wives, hand, city This is Jeremiah 38:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — women, thou, hand, city — and what happens in the verse to wives, hand, city, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְאֶת־כָּל־נָשֶׁ֣יךָ וְאֶת־בָּנֶ֗יךָ מֽוֹצִאִים֙ אֶל־הַכַּשְׂדִּ֔ים וְאַתָּ֖ה לֹא־תִמָּלֵ֣ט מִיָּדָ֑ם כִּ֣י בְיַ֤ד מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶל֙ תִּתָּפֵ֔שׂ וְאֶת־הָעִ֥יר הַזֹּ֖את תִּשְׂרֹ֥ף בָּאֵֽשׁ׃פ [And they shall bring out all thy wives and thy children to the Chaldeans; and thou shalt not escape out of their hand, but shalt be taken by the hand of the king of Babylon; and thou shalt cause this city to be burned with fire.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1067/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:970 # text = וְאֶת־כָּל־נָשֶׁ֣יךָ וְאֶת־בָּנֶ֗יךָ מֽוֹצִאִים֙ אֶל־הַכַּשְׂדִּ֔ים וְאַתָּ֖ה לֹא־תִמָּלֵ֣ט מִיָּדָ֑ם כִּ֣י בְיַ֤ד מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶל֙ תִּתָּפֵ֔שׂ וְאֶת־הָעִ֥יר הַזֹּ֖את תִּשְׂרֹ֥ף בָּאֵֽשׁ׃פ # verse = JER.38.23 1-2 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_38:23!1|MId=o240380230011|Strong=2050b 2 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_38:23!1|MId=o240380230012|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 3 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JER_38:23!2|MId=o240380230021|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 4-5 נָשֶׁ֣יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 נָשֶׁ֣י אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=wives|Ref=JER_38:23!3|MId=o240380230031|Strong=0802 5 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JER_38:23!3|MId=o240380230032|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 6-7 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_38:23!4|MId=o240380230041|Strong=2050b 7 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_38:23!4|MId=o240380230042|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 8-9 בָּנֶ֗יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 בָּנֶ֗י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 conj _ Gloss=children|Ref=JER_38:23!5|MId=o240380230051|Strong=1121 9 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JER_38:23!5|MId=o240380230052|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 10 מֽוֹצִאִים֙ יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=[people.will].bring.out|Ref=JER_38:23!6|MId=o240380230061|Strong=3318|Frame=A1:240380230031;240380230051;|Type=participle_active 11 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_38:23!7|MId=o240380230071|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 12-13 הַכַּשְׂדִּ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_38:23!8|MId=o240380230081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 כַּשְׂדִּ֔ים כַּשְׂדִּים PROPN _ _ 10 obl _ Gloss=Chaldeans|Ref=JER_38:23!8|MId=o240380230082|Strong=3778 14-15 וְאַתָּ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_38:23!9|MId=o240380230091|Strong=2050b 15 אַתָּ֖ה אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=JER_38:23!9|MId=o240380230092|Strong=0859|Type=personal 16 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 17 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JER_38:23!10|MId=o240380230101|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 17 תִמָּלֵ֣ט מָלַט VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 10 conj _ Gloss=you.will.escape|Ref=JER_38:23!11|MId=o240380230111|Strong=4422|Frame=A0:240380230092;|Type=yiqtol 18-20 מִיָּדָ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JER_38:23!12|MId=o240380230121|Strong=4480 19 יָּד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=hand|Ref=JER_38:23!12|MId=o240380230122|Strong=3027 20 ָ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JER_38:23!12|MId=o240380230123|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 21 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 26 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JER_38:23!13|MId=o240380230131|Strong=3588 22-23 בְיַ֤ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=JER_38:23!14|MId=o240380230141|Strong=0871a 23 יַ֤ד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 26 obl _ Gloss=the.hand|Ref=JER_38:23!14|MId=o240380230142|Strong=3027 24 מֶֽלֶךְ־ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.king|Ref=JER_38:23!15|MId=o240380230151|Strong=4428|SpaceAfter=No 25 בָּבֶל֙ בָּבֶל PROPN _ _ 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Babylon|Ref=JER_38:23!16|MId=o240380230161|Strong=0894 26 תִּתָּפֵ֔שׂ תָּפַשׂ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 10 advcl _ Gloss=you.will.be.captured|Ref=JER_38:23!17|MId=o240380230171|Strong=8610|Frame=A1:240380190022;|Type=yiqtol 27-28 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 33 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_38:23!18|MId=o240380230181|Strong=2050b 28 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_38:23!18|MId=o240380230182|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 29-30 הָעִ֥יר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 30 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_38:23!19|MId=o240380230191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 30 עִ֥יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 33 obj _ Gloss=city|Ref=JER_38:23!19|MId=o240380230192|Strong=5892 31-32 הַזֹּ֖את _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 32 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_38:23!20|MId=o240380230201|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 32 זֹּ֖את זֹאת DET _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 30 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=JER_38:23!20|MId=o240380230202|Strong=2063|Type=demonstrative 33 תִּשְׂרֹ֥ף שָׂרַף VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 10 conj _ Gloss=you.will.burn|Ref=JER_38:23!21|MId=o240380230211|Strong=8313|Frame=A0:240380190022;A1:240380230192;|Type=yiqtol 34-36 בָּאֵֽשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JER_38:23!22|MId=o240380230221|Strong=0871a 35 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 36 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_38:23!22|MId=o240380230221ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 36 אֵֽשׁ אֵשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 33 obl _ Gloss=fire|Ref=JER_38:23!22|MId=o240380230222|Strong=0784 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=JER_38:23!22|SpaceAfter=No 38 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=JER_38:23!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מֽוֹצִאִים *\[people will\] bring out* | participle active · hiphil | | נָשֶׁי *wives* + בָּנֶי *children* | | | | **not** תִמָּלֵט *you will escape* | yiqtol · niphal | אַתָּה *you* | | | | | תִּתָּפֵשׂ *you will be captured* | yiqtol · niphal | | | | | | תִּשְׂרֹף *you will burn* | yiqtol · qal | | עִיר *city* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְיַת כָּל נְשָׁךְ וְיַת בְּנָךְ מִתַּפְקִין לְוַת כַּסְדָאֵי וְאַתְּ לָא תִשְׁתֵּיזֵיב מִיָדְהוֹן אֲרֵי בְיַד מַלְכָּא דְבָבֶל תִּתְמַסֵר וְיַת קַרְתָּא הָדָא תִּתּוֹקָד בְּנוּרָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And they shall bring out all thy wives and thy children to the Chaldeans; and thou shalt not escape out of their hand, but shalt be taken by the hand of the king of Babylon; and thou shalt cause this city to be burned with fire.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1067/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:970`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 38:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.38.22/) - next →: [Jeremiah 38:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.38.24/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/38/)