--- title: Jeremiah 39:1 — in the ninth year of Zedekiah king of Judah, in the tenth month, cam… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: in the ninth year of Zedekiah king of Judah, in the tenth month, came Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon and all his army against Jerusalem, and besieged it; Who acts: Nebuchadrezzar king. Jeremiah 39:1 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.39.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 39](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/39/) / 39:1 # Jeremiah 39:1 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** Nebuchadrezzar king · **What happens:** come, besiege · **To what, where:** Jerusalem, army This is Jeremiah 39:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Nebuchadrezzar king — and what happens in the verse to Jerusalem, army, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. בַּשָּׁנָ֣ה הַ֠תְּשִׁעִית לְצִדְקִיָּ֨הוּ מֶלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֜ה בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָעֲשִׂרִ֗י בָּ֠א נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֨ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֤ל וְכָל־חֵילוֹ֙ אֶל־יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם וַיָּצֻ֖רוּ עָלֶֽיהָ׃ס [in the ninth year of Zedekiah king of Judah, in the tenth month, came Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon and all his army against Jerusalem, and besieged it;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1075/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:976 # text = בַּשָּׁנָ֣ה הַ֠תְּשִׁעִית לְצִדְקִיָּ֨הוּ מֶלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֜ה בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָעֲשִׂרִ֗י בָּ֠א נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֨ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֤ל וְכָל־חֵילוֹ֙ אֶל־יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם וַיָּצֻ֖רוּ עָלֶֽיהָ׃ס # verse = JER.39.1 1-3 בַּשָּׁנָ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JER_39:1!1|MId=o240390010011|Strong=0871a 2 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 3 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_39:1!1|MId=o240390010011ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 3 שָּׁנָ֣ה שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=year|Ref=JER_39:1!1|MId=o240390010012|Strong=8141 4-5 הַ֠תְּשִׁעִית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הַ֠ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_39:1!2|MId=o240390010021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 תְּשִׁעִית תְּשִׁיעִי NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 3 nummod _ Gloss=ninth|Ref=JER_39:1!2|MId=o240390010022|Strong=8671|Type=ordinal_number 6-7 לְצִדְקִיָּ֨הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=JER_39:1!3|MId=o240390010031|Strong=3807a 7 צִדְקִיָּ֨הוּ צִדְקִיָּהוּ PROPN _ _ 3 nmod _ Gloss=Zedekiah|Ref=JER_39:1!3|MId=o240390010032|Strong=6667a 8 מֶלֶךְ־ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 appos _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=JER_39:1!4|MId=o240390010041|Strong=4428|SpaceAfter=No 9 יְהוּדָ֜ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Judah|Ref=JER_39:1!5|MId=o240390010051|Strong=3063 10-12 בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JER_39:1!6|MId=o240390010061|Strong=0871a 11 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_39:1!6|MId=o240390010061ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 חֹ֣דֶשׁ חֹדֶשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 conj _ Gloss=month|Ref=JER_39:1!6|MId=o240390010062|Strong=2320 13-14 הָעֲשִׂרִ֗י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_39:1!7|MId=o240390010071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 עֲשִׂרִ֗י עֲשִׂירִי NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 nummod _ Gloss=tenth|Ref=JER_39:1!7|MId=o240390010072|Strong=6224|Type=ordinal_number 15 בָּ֠א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.came|Ref=JER_39:1!8|MId=o240390010081|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:240390010091;240390010131;|Type=qatal 16 נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֨ר נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּר PROPN _ _ 15 nsubj _ Gloss=Nebuchadnezzar|Ref=JER_39:1!9|MId=o240390010091|Strong=5019 17 מֶֽלֶךְ־ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 appos _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=JER_39:1!10|MId=o240390010101|Strong=4428|SpaceAfter=No 18 בָּבֶ֤ל בָּבֶל PROPN _ _ 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Babylon|Ref=JER_39:1!11|MId=o240390010111|Strong=0894 19-20 וְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_39:1!12|MId=o240390010121|Strong=2050b 20 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JER_39:1!12|MId=o240390010122|Strong=3605 21-22 חֵילוֹ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 חֵיל חַיִל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=army|Ref=JER_39:1!13|MId=o240390010131|Strong=2428 22 וֹ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JER_39:1!13|MId=o240390010132|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 23 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_39:1!14|MId=o240390010141|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 24 יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם PROPN _ _ 15 obl _ Gloss=Jerusalem|Ref=JER_39:1!15|MId=o240390010151|Strong=3389 25-26 וַיָּצֻ֖רוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_39:1!16|MId=o240390010161|Strong=2050b 26 יָּצֻ֖רוּ צוּר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 15 conj _ Gloss=they.laid.siege|Ref=JER_39:1!16|MId=o240390010162|Strong=6696|Frame=A0:240390010091;240390010131;|Type=wayyiqtol 27-28 עָלֶֽיהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 עָלֶֽי עַל ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JER_39:1!17|MId=o240390010171|Strong=5921 28 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=JER_39:1!17|MId=o240390010172|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 29 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=JER_39:1!17|SpaceAfter=No 30 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=JER_39:1!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | בָּא *he came* | qatal · qal | נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּר *Nebuchadnezzar* + חֵיל *army* | | | | | יָּצֻרוּ *they laid siege* | wayyiqtol · qal | נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּר *Nebuchadnezzar* + חֵיל *army* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} בְּשַׁתָּא תְּשִׁיעֵיתָא לְצִדְקִיָה מְלַךְ שִׁבְטָא דְבֵית יְהוּדָה בְּיַרְחָא עֲשִׂירָאָה אֲתָא נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַר מַלְכָּא דְבָבֶל וְכָל מַשִׁרְיָתֵיהּ לִירוּשְׁלֵם וְצָרוּ עֲלָהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [in the ninth year of Zedekiah king of Judah, in the tenth month, came Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon and all his army against Jerusalem, and besieged it;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1075/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:976`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 38:28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.38.28/) - next →: [Jeremiah 39:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.39.2/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 39](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/39/)