--- title: Jeremiah 4:4 — Circumcise yourselves to the LORD, and take away the foreskins of yo… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Circumcise yourselves to the LORD, and take away the foreskins of your heart, ye men of Judah and inhabitants of Jerusalem; lest My fury go forth like fire, and burn that none can quench it, because of the evil of your doings. Who acts: you, fury, none, My. Jeremiah 4:4 in Hebrew with its dependency --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.4.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/4/) / 4:4 # Jeremiah 4:4 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** you, fury, none, My · **What happens:** circumcise, take away, go, burn, quench, infuriate · **To what, where:** yourselves, foreskins, fury This is Jeremiah 4:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, fury, none, My — and what happens in the verse to yourselves, foreskins, fury, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הִמֹּ֣לוּ לַיהֹוָ֗ה וְהָסִ֙רוּ֙ עָרְל֣וֹת לְבַבְכֶ֔ם אִ֥ישׁ יְהוּדָ֖ה וְיֹשְׁבֵ֣י יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑ם פֶּן־תֵּצֵ֨א כָאֵ֜שׁ חֲמָתִ֗י וּבָעֲרָה֙ וְאֵ֣ין מְכַבֶּ֔ה מִפְּנֵ֖י רֹ֥עַ מַעַלְלֵיכֶֽם׃ [Circumcise yourselves to the LORD, and take away the foreskins of your heart, ye men of Judah and inhabitants of Jerusalem; lest My fury go forth like fire, and burn that none can quench it, because of the evil of your doings.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.101/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:84 # text = הִמֹּ֣לוּ לַיהֹוָ֗ה וְהָסִ֙רוּ֙ עָרְל֣וֹת לְבַבְכֶ֔ם אִ֥ישׁ יְהוּדָ֖ה וְיֹשְׁבֵ֣י יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑ם פֶּן־תֵּצֵ֨א כָאֵ֜שׁ חֲמָתִ֗י וּבָעֲרָה֙ וְאֵ֣ין מְכַבֶּ֔ה מִפְּנֵ֖י רֹ֥עַ מַעַלְלֵיכֶֽם׃ # verse = JER.4.4 1 הִמֹּ֣לוּ מוּל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=circumcise.yourselves|Ref=JER_4:4!1|MId=o240040040011|Strong=4135|Frame=A0:240040040061;240040040082;|Type=imperative 2-3 לַיהֹוָ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_4:4!2|MId=o240040040021|Strong=3807a 3 יהֹוָ֗ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 1 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JER_4:4!2|MId=o240040040022|Strong=3068 4-5 וְהָסִ֙רוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_4:4!3|MId=o240040040031|Strong=2050b 5 הָסִ֙רוּ֙ סוּר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=2 1 conj _ Gloss=remove|Ref=JER_4:4!3|MId=o240040040032|Strong=5493|Frame=AA:240040040061;240040040082;A0:240040040041;|Type=imperative 6 עָרְל֣וֹת עׇרְלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 5 obj _ Gloss=the.foreskins|Ref=JER_4:4!4|MId=o240040040041|Strong=6190 7-8 לְבַבְכֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לְבַב לֵבָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=your.heart|Ref=JER_4:4!5|MId=o240040040051|Strong=3824 8 ְכֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JER_4:4!5|MId=o240040040052|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 9 אִ֥ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 parataxis _ Gloss=O.man|Ref=JER_4:4!6|MId=o240040040061|Strong=0376 10 יְהוּדָ֖ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Judah|Ref=JER_4:4!7|MId=o240040040071|Strong=3063 11-12 וְיֹשְׁבֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_4:4!8|MId=o240040040081|Strong=2050b 12 יֹשְׁבֵ֣י יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 9 conj _ Gloss=the.inhabitants|Ref=JER_4:4!8|MId=o240040040082|Strong=3427|Type=participle_active 13 יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑ם יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם PROPN _ _ 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Jerusalem|Ref=JER_4:4!9|MId=o240040040091|Strong=3389 14 פֶּן־ פֶּן SCONJ _ _ 15 mark _ Gloss=lest|Ref=JER_4:4!10|MId=o240040040101|Strong=6435|SpaceAfter=No 15 תֵּצֵ֨א יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 advcl _ Gloss=it.should.go.forth|Ref=JER_4:4!11|MId=o240040040111|Strong=3318|Frame=A0:240040040131;|Type=yiqtol 16-18 כָאֵ֜שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 כָ כְּ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=JER_4:4!12|MId=o240040040121|Strong=3509a 17 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_4:4!12|MId=o240040040121ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 אֵ֜שׁ אֵשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=fire|Ref=JER_4:4!12|MId=o240040040122|Strong=0784 19-20 חֲמָתִ֗י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 חֲמָת חֵמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ Gloss=rage|Ref=JER_4:4!13|MId=o240040040131|Strong=2534 20 ִ֗י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=JER_4:4!13|MId=o240040040132|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 21-22 וּבָעֲרָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_4:4!14|MId=o240040040141|Strong=2050b 22 בָעֲרָה֙ בָּעַר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 15 conj _ Gloss=it.will.burn|Ref=JER_4:4!14|MId=o240040040142|Strong=1197|Frame=A0:240040040131;|Type=weqatal 23-24 וְאֵ֣ין _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_4:4!15|MId=o240040040151|Strong=2050b 24 אֵ֣ין אַיִן ADV _ _ 22 conj _ Gloss=there.[will].not.[be]|Ref=JER_4:4!15|MId=o240040040152|Strong=0369|Type=negative 25 מְכַבֶּ֔ה כָּבָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ Gloss=[one.who].extinguishes|Ref=JER_4:4!16|MId=o240040040161|Strong=3518|Frame=A1:240040040131;|Type=participle_active 26-27 מִפְּנֵ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=because|Ref=JER_4:4!17|MId=o240040040171|Strong=4480 27 פְּנֵ֖י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 15 parataxis _ Gloss=of|Ref=JER_4:4!17|MId=o240040040172|Strong=6440 28 רֹ֥עַ רֹעַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.wickedness|Ref=JER_4:4!18|MId=o240040040181|Strong=7455 29-30 מַעַלְלֵיכֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 מַעַלְלֵי מַעֲלָל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 28 compound:smixut _ Gloss=your.deeds|Ref=JER_4:4!19|MId=o240040040191|Strong=4611 30 כֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JER_4:4!19|MId=o240040040192|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 31 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 30 punct _ Ref=JER_4:4!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הִמֹּלוּ *circumcise yourselves* | imperative · niphal | אִישׁ *O man* + יֹשְׁבֵי *the inhabitants* | | | | | הָסִרוּ *remove* | imperative · hiphil | עָרְלוֹת *the foreskins* | | | אִישׁ *O man* + יֹשְׁבֵי *the inhabitants* | | תֵּצֵא *it should go forth* | yiqtol · qal | חֲמָת *rage* | | | | | **not** בָעֲרָה *it will burn* | weqatal · qal | חֲמָת *rage* | | | | | מְכַבֶּה *\[one who\] extinguishes* | participle active · piel | | חֲמָת *rage* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} תּוּבוּ לְפוּלְחָנָא דַייָ וְאַעְדוֹ רֶשַׁע לִבְּכוֹן אֱנַשׁ יְהוּדָה וְיַתְבֵי יְרוּשְׁלֵם דִלְמָא יִדְלַק כְּאֶשְׁתָּא רוּגְזִי וִישֵׁיצֵי וְלָא יְהֵי חַיָס מִן קֳדָם בִּישׁוּת עוֹבָדֵיכוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Circumcise yourselves to the LORD, and take away the foreskins of your heart, ye men of Judah and inhabitants of Jerusalem; lest My fury go forth like fire, and burn that none can quench it, because of the evil of your doings.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.101/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:84`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 4:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.4.3/) - next →: [Jeremiah 4:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.4.5/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/4/)