--- title: Jeremiah 40:8 — then they came to Gedaliah to Mizpah, even Ishmael the son of Nethan… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: then they came to Gedaliah to Mizpah, even Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and Johanan and Jonathan the sons of Kareah, and Seraiah the son of Tanhumeth, and the sons of Ephai the Netophathite, and Jezaniah the son of the Maacathite, they and their men. Who acts: men. Jeremiah 40:8 in Hebrew with its --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.40.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 40](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/40/) / 40:8 # Jeremiah 40:8 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** men · **What happens:** come · **To what, where:** Mizpah, Gedaliah This is Jeremiah 40:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — men — and what happens in the verse to Mizpah, Gedaliah, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיָּבֹ֥אוּ אֶל־גְּדַלְיָ֖ה הַמִּצְפָּ֑תָה וְיִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל בֶּן־נְתַנְיָ֡הוּ וְיוֹחָנָ֣ן וְיוֹנָתָ֣ן בְּנֵֽי־קָ֠רֵחַ וּשְׂרָיָ֨ה בֶן־תַּנְחֻ֜מֶת וּבְנֵ֣י ׀ עֵיפַ֣י הַנְּטֹפָתִ֗י וִֽיזַנְיָ֙הוּ֙ בֶּן־הַמַּ֣עֲכָתִ֔י הֵ֖מָּה וְאַנְשֵׁיהֶֽם׃ [then they came to Gedaliah to Mizpah, even Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and Johanan and Jonathan the sons of Kareah, and Seraiah the son of Tanhumeth, and the sons of Ephai the Netophathite, and Jezaniah the son of the Maacathite, they and their men.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1101/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:1001 # text = וַיָּבֹ֥אוּ אֶל־גְּדַלְיָ֖ה הַמִּצְפָּ֑תָה וְיִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל בֶּן־נְתַנְיָ֡הוּ וְיוֹחָנָ֣ן וְיוֹנָתָ֣ן בְּנֵֽי־קָ֠רֵחַ וּשְׂרָיָ֨ה בֶן־תַּנְחֻ֜מֶת וּבְנֵ֣י ׀ עֵיפַ֣י הַנְּטֹפָתִ֗י וִֽיזַנְיָ֙הוּ֙ בֶּן־הַמַּ֣עֲכָתִ֔י הֵ֖מָּה וְאַנְשֵׁיהֶֽם׃ # verse = JER.40.8 1-2 וַיָּבֹ֥אוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_40:8!1|MId=o240400080011|Strong=2050b 2 יָּבֹ֥אוּ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.came|Ref=JER_40:8!1|MId=o240400080012|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:240400070031;240400070082;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_40:8!2|MId=o240400080021|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 4 גְּדַלְיָ֖ה גְּדַלְיָה PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Gedaliah|Ref=JER_40:8!3|MId=o240400080031|Strong=1436 5-7 הַמִּצְפָּ֑תָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_40:8!4|MId=o240400080041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 מִּצְפָּ֑ת מִצְפֶּה PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_40:8!4|MId=o240400080042|Strong=4709 7 ָה ה X _ _ 6 nmod _ Gloss=Mizpah|Ref=JER_40:8!4|MId=o240400080043|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 8-9 וְיִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_40:8!5|MId=o240400080051|Strong=2050b 9 יִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל יִשְׁמָעֵאל PROPN _ _ 2 conj _ Gloss=Ishmael|Ref=JER_40:8!5|MId=o240400080052|Strong=3458 10 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=JER_40:8!6|MId=o240400080061|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 11 נְתַנְיָ֡הוּ נְתַנְיָהוּ PROPN _ _ 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Nethaniah|Ref=JER_40:8!7|MId=o240400080071|Strong=5418a 12-13 וְיוֹחָנָ֣ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_40:8!8|MId=o240400080081|Strong=2050b 13 יוֹחָנָ֣ן יוֹחָנָן PROPN _ _ 9 conj _ Gloss=Johanan|Ref=JER_40:8!8|MId=o240400080082|Strong=3110 14-15 וְיוֹנָתָ֣ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_40:8!9|MId=o240400080091|Strong=2050b 15 יוֹנָתָ֣ן יוֹנָתָן PROPN _ _ 13 conj _ Gloss=Jonathan|Ref=JER_40:8!9|MId=o240400080092|Strong=3129 16 בְּנֵֽי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 13 appos _ Gloss=the.sons|Ref=JER_40:8!10|MId=o240400080101|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 17 קָ֠רֵחַ קָרֵחַ PROPN _ _ 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Kareah|Ref=JER_40:8!11|MId=o240400080111|Strong=7143 18-19 וּשְׂרָיָ֨ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_40:8!12|MId=o240400080121|Strong=2050b 19 שְׂרָיָ֨ה שְׂרָיָה PROPN _ _ 9 conj _ Gloss=Seraiah|Ref=JER_40:8!12|MId=o240400080122|Strong=8304 20 בֶן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=JER_40:8!13|MId=o240400080131|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 21 תַּנְחֻ֜מֶת תַּנְחֻמֶת PROPN _ _ 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Tanhumeth|Ref=JER_40:8!14|MId=o240400080141|Strong=8576 22-23 וּבְנֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_40:8!15|MId=o240400080151|Strong=2050b 23 בְנֵ֣י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 conj _ Gloss=the.sons|Ref=JER_40:8!15|MId=o240400080152|Strong=1121 24 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=JER_40:8!15 25 עֵיפַ֣י עֵיפַי PROPN _ _ 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Ephai|Ref=JER_40:8!17|MId=o240400080171|Strong=5778 26-27 הַנְּטֹפָתִ֗י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 27 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_40:8!18|MId=o240400080181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 27 נְּטֹפָתִ֗י נְטֹופָתִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 appos _ Gloss=Netophathite|Ref=JER_40:8!18|MId=o240400080182|Strong=5200|Type=gentilic 28-29 וִֽיזַנְיָ֙הוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וִֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_40:8!19|MId=o240400080191|Strong=2050b 29 יזַנְיָ֙הוּ֙ יְזַנְיָהוּ PROPN _ _ 9 conj _ Gloss=Jezaniah|Ref=JER_40:8!19|MId=o240400080192|Strong=3153a 30 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=JER_40:8!20|MId=o240400080201|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 31-32 הַמַּ֣עֲכָתִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 32 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JER_40:8!21|MId=o240400080211|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 32 מַּ֣עֲכָתִ֔י מַעֲכָתִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.Maacathite|Ref=JER_40:8!21|MId=o240400080212|Strong=4602|Type=gentilic 33 הֵ֖מָּה הֵמָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ Gloss=they|Ref=JER_40:8!22|MId=o240400080221|Strong=1992|Type=personal 34-36 וְאַנְשֵׁיהֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 35 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_40:8!23|MId=o240400080231|Strong=2050b 35 אַנְשֵׁי אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 conj _ Gloss=men|Ref=JER_40:8!23|MId=o240400080232|Strong=0376 36 הֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JER_40:8!23|MId=o240400080233|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=JER_40:8!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּבֹאוּ *they came* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲתוֹ לְוַת גְדַלְיָה לְמִצְפְּיָא וְיִשְׁמָעֵאל בַּר נְתַנְיָה וְיוֹנָתָן בַּר קָרֵחַ וּשְׂרָיָה בַר תַּנְחֻמֶת וּבְנֵי עֵיפִי דְמִנְטוֹפָא וִיזַנְיָה בָּר מַעֲכָת אִינוּן וְגַבְרֵיהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [then they came to Gedaliah to Mizpah, even Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and Johanan and Jonathan the sons of Kareah, and Seraiah the son of Tanhumeth, and the sons of Ephai the Netophathite, and Jezaniah the son of the Maacathite, they and their men.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1101/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:1001`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 40:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.40.7/) - next →: [Jeremiah 40:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.40.9/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 40](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/40/)