--- title: Jeremiah 41:2 — Then arose Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and the ten men that were w… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Then arose Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and the ten men that were with him, and smote Gedaliah the son of Ahikam the son of Shaphan with the sword, and slew him, whom the king of Babylon had made governor over the land. Who acts: Ishmael, ten men, king. Jeremiah 41:2 in Hebrew with its dependency t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.41.2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 41](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/41/) / 41:2 # Jeremiah 41:2 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** Ishmael, ten men, king · **What happens:** arise, be, smite, slay, make · **To what, where:** Gedaliah, governor This is Jeremiah 41:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Ishmael, ten men, king — and what happens in the verse to Gedaliah, governor, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיָּקָם֩ יִשְׁמָעֵ֨אל בֶּן־נְתַנְיָ֜ה וַעֲשֶׂ֥רֶת הָאֲנָשִׁ֣ים ׀ אֲשֶׁר־הָי֣וּ אִתּ֗וֹ וַ֠יַּכּוּ אֶת־גְּדַלְיָ֨הוּ בֶן־אֲחִיקָ֧ם בֶּן־שָׁפָ֛ן בַּחֶ֖רֶב וַיָּ֣מֶת אֹת֑וֹ אֲשֶׁר־הִפְקִ֥יד מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֖ל בָּאָֽרֶץ׃ [Then arose Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and the ten men that were with him, and smote Gedaliah the son of Ahikam the son of Shaphan with the sword, and slew him, whom the king of Babylon had made governor over the land.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1111/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:1011 # text = וַיָּקָם֩ יִשְׁמָעֵ֨אל בֶּן־נְתַנְיָ֜ה וַעֲשֶׂ֥רֶת הָאֲנָשִׁ֣ים ׀ אֲשֶׁר־הָי֣וּ אִתּ֗וֹ וַ֠יַּכּוּ אֶת־גְּדַלְיָ֨הוּ בֶן־אֲחִיקָ֧ם בֶּן־שָׁפָ֛ן בַּחֶ֖רֶב וַיָּ֣מֶת אֹת֑וֹ אֲשֶׁר־הִפְקִ֥יד מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֖ל בָּאָֽרֶץ׃ # verse = JER.41.2 1-2 וַיָּקָם֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_41:2!1|MId=o240410020011|Strong=2050b 2 יָּקָם֩ קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.arose|Ref=JER_41:2!1|MId=o240410020012|Strong=6965|Frame=A0:240410020021;240410020062;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יִשְׁמָעֵ֨אל יִשְׁמָעֵאל PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Ishmael|Ref=JER_41:2!2|MId=o240410020021|Strong=3458 4 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=JER_41:2!3|MId=o240410020031|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 5 נְתַנְיָ֜ה נְתַנְיָה PROPN _ _ 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Nethaniah|Ref=JER_41:2!4|MId=o240410020041|Strong=5418 6-7 וַעֲשֶׂ֥רֶת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_41:2!5|MId=o240410020051|Strong=2050b 7 עֲשֶׂ֥רֶת עֲשָׂרָה NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 nummod _ Gloss=the.ten|Ref=JER_41:2!5|MId=o240410020052|Strong=6235|Type=cardinal_number 8-9 הָאֲנָשִׁ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_41:2!6|MId=o240410020061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 אֲנָשִׁ֣ים אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 conj _ Gloss=men|Ref=JER_41:2!6|MId=o240410020062|Strong=0376 10 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 9 punct _ Ref=JER_41:2!6 11 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 14 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=JER_41:2!7|MId=o240410020071|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 12 הָי֣וּ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 14 cop _ Gloss=they.were|Ref=JER_41:2!8|MId=o240410020081|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:240410020062;|Type=qatal 13-14 אִתּ֗וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 אִתּ אֵת ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JER_41:2!9|MId=o240410020091|Strong=0854 14 ֗וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 acl:relcl _ Gloss=him|Ref=JER_41:2!9|MId=o240410020092|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 15-16 וַ֠יַּכּוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וַ֠ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_41:2!10|MId=o240410020101|Strong=2050b 16 יַּכּוּ נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.struck.down|Ref=JER_41:2!10|MId=o240410020102|Strong=5221|Frame=AA:240410020021;240410020062;A0:240410020121;|Type=wayyiqtol 17 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_41:2!11|MId=o240410020111|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 18 גְּדַלְיָ֨הוּ גְּדַלְיָהוּ PROPN _ _ 16 obj _ Gloss=Gedaliah|Ref=JER_41:2!12|MId=o240410020121|Strong=1436a 19 בֶן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=JER_41:2!13|MId=o240410020131|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 20 אֲחִיקָ֧ם אֲחִיקָם PROPN _ _ 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Ahikam|Ref=JER_41:2!14|MId=o240410020141|Strong=0296 21 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=JER_41:2!15|MId=o240410020151|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 22 שָׁפָ֛ן שָׁפָן PROPN _ _ 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Shaphan|Ref=JER_41:2!16|MId=o240410020161|Strong=8227a 23-25 בַּחֶ֖רֶב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JER_41:2!17|MId=o240410020171|Strong=0871a 24 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_41:2!17|MId=o240410020171ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 חֶ֖רֶב חֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 16 obl _ Gloss=sword|Ref=JER_41:2!17|MId=o240410020172|Strong=2719 26-27 וַיָּ֣מֶת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_41:2!18|MId=o240410020181|Strong=2050b 27 יָּ֣מֶת מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.killed|Ref=JER_41:2!18|MId=o240410020182|Strong=4191|Frame=AA:240410020021;240410020062;A0:240410020192;|Type=wayyiqtol 28-29 אֹת֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JER_41:2!19|MId=o240410020191|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 29 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 obj _ Gloss=him|Ref=JER_41:2!19|MId=o240410020192|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 30 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 31 mark _ Gloss=whom|Ref=JER_41:2!20|MId=o240410020201|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 31 הִפְקִ֥יד פָּקַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 29 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.had.appointed|Ref=JER_41:2!21|MId=o240410020211|Strong=6485|Frame=AA:240410020221;A0:240410020192;|Type=qatal 32 מֶֽלֶךְ־ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 nsubj _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=JER_41:2!22|MId=o240410020221|Strong=4428|SpaceAfter=No 33 בָּבֶ֖ל בָּבֶל PROPN _ _ 32 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Babylon|Ref=JER_41:2!23|MId=o240410020231|Strong=0894 34-36 בָּאָֽרֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=over|Ref=JER_41:2!24|MId=o240410020241|Strong=0871a 35 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 36 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_41:2!24|MId=o240410020241ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 36 אָֽרֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 31 obl _ Gloss=land|Ref=JER_41:2!24|MId=o240410020242|Strong=0776 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=JER_41:2!24 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּקָם *he arose* | wayyiqtol · qal | יִשְׁמָעֵאל *Ishmael* + אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | | | | הָיוּ *they were* | qatal · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | | | | יַּכּוּ *they struck down* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | גְּדַלְיָהוּ *Gedaliah* | | | יִשְׁמָעֵאל *Ishmael* + אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | יָּמֶת *he killed* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | וֹ *him* | | | יִשְׁמָעֵאל *Ishmael* + אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | הִפְקִיד *he had appointed* | qatal · hiphil | וֹ *him* | | | מֶֽלֶךְ־ *the king* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְקָם יִשְׁמָעֵאל בַּר נְתַנְיָה וְעַסְרָא גַבְרִין דַהֲווֹ עִמֵיהּ וּמְחוֹ יַת גְדַלְיָה בַּר אֲחִיקָם בַּר שָׁפָן בְּחַרְבָּא וּקְטַל יָתֵיהּ דְמָנֵי מַלְכָּא דְבָבֶל בְּאַרְעָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Then arose Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and the ten men that were with him, and smote Gedaliah the son of Ahikam the son of Shaphan with the sword, and slew him, whom the king of Babylon had made governor over the land.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1111/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:1011`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 41:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.41.1/) - next →: [Jeremiah 41:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.41.3/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 41](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/41/)