--- title: Jeremiah 44:22 — So that the LORD could no longer bear, because of the evil of your d… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: So that the LORD could no longer bear, because of the evil of your doings, and because of the abominations which ye have committed; therefore is your land become a desolation, and an astonishment, and a curse, without an inhabitant, as at this day. Who acts: LORD, ye, land. Jeremiah 44:22 in Hebrew --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.44.22/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/44/) / 44:22 # Jeremiah 44:22 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** LORD, ye, land · **What happens:** bear, commit, become · **To what, where:** abominations, desolation This is Jeremiah 44:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, ye, land — and what happens in the verse to abominations, desolation, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְלֹֽא־יוּכַל֩ יְהוָ֨ה ע֜וֹד לָשֵׂ֗את מִפְּנֵי֙ רֹ֣עַ מַעַלְלֵיכֶ֔ם מִפְּנֵ֥י הַתּוֹעֵבֹ֖ת אֲשֶׁ֣ר עֲשִׂיתֶ֑ם וַתְּהִ֣י אַ֠רְצְכֶם לְחָרְבָּ֨ה וּלְשַׁמָּ֧ה וְלִקְלָלָ֛ה מֵאֵ֥ין יוֹשֵׁ֖ב כְּהַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃ [So that the LORD could no longer bear, because of the evil of your doings, and because of the abominations which ye have committed; therefore is your land become a desolation, and an astonishment, and a curse, without an inhabitant, as at this day.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1184/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:1084 # text = וְלֹֽא־יוּכַל֩ יְהוָ֨ה ע֜וֹד לָשֵׂ֗את מִפְּנֵי֙ רֹ֣עַ מַעַלְלֵיכֶ֔ם מִפְּנֵ֥י הַתּוֹעֵבֹ֖ת אֲשֶׁ֣ר עֲשִׂיתֶ֑ם וַתְּהִ֣י אַ֠רְצְכֶם לְחָרְבָּ֨ה וּלְשַׁמָּ֧ה וְלִקְלָלָ֛ה מֵאֵ֥ין יוֹשֵׁ֖ב כְּהַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃ # verse = JER.44.22 1-2 וְלֹֽא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_44:22!1|MId=o240440220011|Strong=2050b 2 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 3 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JER_44:22!1|MId=o240440220012|Strong=3808|Type=negative 3 יוּכַל֩ יָכֹל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.was.able|Ref=JER_44:22!2|MId=o240440220021|Strong=3201|Frame=A0:240440220031;|Type=yiqtol 4 יְהוָ֨ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 3 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JER_44:22!3|MId=o240440220031|Strong=3068 5 ע֜וֹד עוֹד ADV _ _ 3 advmod _ Gloss=still|Ref=JER_44:22!4|MId=o240440220041|Strong=5750 6-7 לָשֵׂ֗את _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_44:22!5|MId=o240440220051|Strong=3807a 7 שֵׂ֗את נָשָׂא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 3 xcomp _ Gloss=endure|Ref=JER_44:22!5|MId=o240440220052|Strong=5375|Frame=A0:240440220031;|Type=infinitive_construct 8-9 מִפְּנֵי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=because|Ref=JER_44:22!6|MId=o240440220061|Strong=4480 9 פְּנֵי֙ פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 3 obl _ Gloss=of|Ref=JER_44:22!6|MId=o240440220062|Strong=6440 10 רֹ֣עַ רֹעַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.wickedness|Ref=JER_44:22!7|MId=o240440220071|Strong=7455 11-12 מַעַלְלֵיכֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 מַעַלְלֵי מַעֲלָל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=your.deeds|Ref=JER_44:22!8|MId=o240440220081|Strong=4611 12 כֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JER_44:22!8|MId=o240440220082|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 13-14 מִפְּנֵ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=because|Ref=JER_44:22!9|MId=o240440220091|Strong=4480 14 פְּנֵ֥י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 9 conj _ Gloss=of|Ref=JER_44:22!9|MId=o240440220092|Strong=6440 15-16 הַתּוֹעֵבֹ֖ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_44:22!10|MId=o240440220101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 תּוֹעֵבֹ֖ת תּוֹעֵבַה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=abominations|Ref=JER_44:22!10|MId=o240440220102|Strong=8441 17 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 18 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JER_44:22!11|MId=o240440220111|Strong=0834|Type=relative 18 עֲשִׂיתֶ֑ם עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 16 acl:relcl _ Gloss=you.did|Ref=JER_44:22!12|MId=o240440220121|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:240440200052;A1:240440220102;|Type=qatal 19-20 וַתְּהִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_44:22!13|MId=o240440220131|Strong=2050b 20 תְּהִ֣י הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=it.has.become|Ref=JER_44:22!13|MId=o240440220132|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:240440220141;|Type=wayyiqtol 21-22 אַ֠רְצְכֶם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 אַ֠רְצ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ Gloss=land|Ref=JER_44:22!14|MId=o240440220141|Strong=0776 22 ְכֶם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JER_44:22!14|MId=o240440220142|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 23-24 לְחָרְבָּ֨ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=(into).a|Ref=JER_44:22!15|MId=o240440220151|Strong=3807a 24 חָרְבָּ֨ה חׇרְבָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 20 obl _ Gloss=desolation|Ref=JER_44:22!15|MId=o240440220152|Strong=2723 25-27 וּלְשַׁמָּ֧ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and.(into)|Ref=JER_44:22!16|MId=o240440220161|Strong=2050b 26 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=a|Ref=JER_44:22!16|MId=o240440220162|Strong=3807a 27 שַׁמָּ֧ה שַׁמָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 24 conj _ Gloss=waste|Ref=JER_44:22!16|MId=o240440220163|Strong=8047 28-30 וְלִקְלָלָ֛ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and.(into)|Ref=JER_44:22!17|MId=o240440220171|Strong=2050b 29 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=a|Ref=JER_44:22!17|MId=o240440220172|Strong=3807a 30 קְלָלָ֛ה קְלָלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 24 conj _ Gloss=curse|Ref=JER_44:22!17|MId=o240440220173|Strong=7045 31-32 מֵאֵ֥ין _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JER_44:22!18|MId=o240440220181|Strong=4480 32 אֵ֥ין אַיִן ADV _ _ 20 obl _ Gloss=not|Ref=JER_44:22!18|MId=o240440220182|Strong=0369|Type=negative 33 יוֹשֵׁ֖ב יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 32 nsubj _ Gloss=an.inhabitant|Ref=JER_44:22!19|MId=o240440220191|Strong=3427|Type=participle_active 34-36 כְּהַיּ֥וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=as|Ref=JER_44:22!20|MId=o240440220201|Strong=3509a 35 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 36 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_44:22!20|MId=o240440220202|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 36 יּ֥וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=JER_44:22!20|MId=o240440220203|Strong=3117 37-38 הַזֶּֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 38 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_44:22!21|MId=o240440220211|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 38 זֶּֽה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 36 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=JER_44:22!21|MId=o240440220212|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 39 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 38 punct _ Ref=JER_44:22!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** יוּכַל *he was able* | yiqtol · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | שֵׂאת *endure* | infinitive construct · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | עֲשִׂיתֶם *you did* | qatal · qal | | תּוֹעֵבֹת *abominations* | | | | **not** תְּהִי *it has become* | wayyiqtol · qal | אַרְצ *land* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְלָא הֲוַת רַעֲוָא קֳדָם יְיָ עוֹד דְלָא לְמִשְׁבַּק מִן קֳדָם בִישׁוּת עוֹבָדֵיכוֹן מִן קֳדָם תּוֹעֵבְתָּא דַעֲבַדְתּוּן וַהֲוַת אַרְעֲכוֹן לְחוּרְבָּא וּלְצָדוּ וְלִלְוָטָא מִבְּלִי יָתֵיב כְּיוֹמָא הָדֵין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [So that the LORD could no longer bear, because of the evil of your doings, and because of the abominations which ye have committed; therefore is your land become a desolation, and an astonishment, and a curse, without an inhabitant, as at this day.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1184/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:1084`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 44:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.44.21/) - next →: [Jeremiah 44:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.44.23/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/44/)