--- title: Jeremiah 44:25 — Thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, saying: Ye and your… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, saying: Ye and your wives have both spoken with your mouths, and with your hands have fulfilled it, saying: We will surely perform our vows that we have vowed, to offer to the queen of heaven, and to pour out drink-offerings unto her; ye shall surely --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.44.25/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/44/) / 44:25 # Jeremiah 44:25 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** LORD, Ye, We, our, your · **What happens:** say, speak, fulfill, perform, vow, offer · **To what, where:** mouth, vows, queen, drink offerings · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Jeremiah 44:25 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, Ye, We, our, your — and what happens in the verse to mouth, vows, queen, drink offerings, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כֹּֽה־אָמַ֣ר יְהוָֽה־צְבָאוֹת֩ אֱלֹהֵ֨י יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל לֵאמֹ֗ר אַתֶּ֨ם וּנְשֵׁיכֶ֜ם וַתְּדַבֵּ֣רְנָה בְּפִיכֶם֮ וּבִידֵיכֶ֣ם מִלֵּאתֶ֣ם ׀ לֵאמֹר֒ עָשֹׂ֨ה נַעֲשֶׂ֜ה אֶת־נְדָרֵ֗ינוּ אֲשֶׁ֤ר נָדַ֙רְנוּ֙ לְקַטֵּר֙ לִמְלֶ֣כֶת הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וּלְהַסֵּ֥ךְ לָ֖הּ נְסָכִ֑ים הָקֵ֤ים תָּקִ֙ימְנָה֙ אֶת־נִדְרֵיכֶ֔ם וְעָשֹׂ֥ה תַעֲשֶׂ֖ינָה אֶת־נִדְרֵיכֶֽם׃פ [Thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, saying: Ye and your wives have both spoken with your mouths, and with your hands have fulfilled it, saying: We will surely perform our vows that we have vowed, to offer to the queen of heaven, and to pour out drink-offerings unto her; ye shall surely establish your vows, and surely perform your vows.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1187/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:1087 # text = כֹּֽה־אָמַ֣ר יְהוָֽה־צְבָאוֹת֩ אֱלֹהֵ֨י יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל לֵאמֹ֗ר אַתֶּ֨ם וּנְשֵׁיכֶ֜ם וַתְּדַבֵּ֣רְנָה בְּפִיכֶם֮ וּבִידֵיכֶ֣ם מִלֵּאתֶ֣ם ׀ לֵאמֹר֒ עָשֹׂ֨ה נַעֲשֶׂ֜ה אֶת־נְדָרֵ֗ינוּ אֲשֶׁ֤ר נָדַ֙רְנוּ֙ לְקַטֵּר֙ לִמְלֶ֣כֶת הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וּלְהַסֵּ֥ךְ לָ֖הּ נְסָכִ֑ים הָקֵ֤ים תָּקִ֙ימְנָה֙ אֶת־נִדְרֵיכֶ֔ם וְעָשֹׂ֥ה תַעֲשֶׂ֖ינָה אֶת־נִדְרֵיכֶֽם׃פ # verse = JER.44.25 1 כֹּֽה־ כֹּה ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=JER_44:25!1|MId=o240440250011|Strong=3541|SpaceAfter=No 2 אָמַ֣ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=JER_44:25!2|MId=o240440250021|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:240440250031;|Type=qatal 3 יְהוָֽה־ יהוה PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JER_44:25!3|MId=o240440250031|Strong=3068|SpaceAfter=No 4 צְבָאוֹת֩ צָבָא NOUN _ Number=Plur 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.hosts|Ref=JER_44:25!4|MId=o240440250041|Strong=6635 5 אֱלֹהֵ֨י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 appos _ Gloss=the.God|Ref=JER_44:25!5|MId=o240440250051|Strong=0430 6 יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=JER_44:25!6|MId=o240440250061|Strong=3478 7-8 לֵאמֹ֗ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 14 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=JER_44:25!7|MId=o240440250071|Strong=3807a 8 אמֹ֗ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 7 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=JER_44:25!7|MId=o240440250072|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:240440250031;|Type=infinitive_construct 9 אַתֶּ֨ם אַתֶּם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 14 dislocated _ Gloss=you|Ref=JER_44:25!8|MId=o240440250081|Strong=0859a|Type=personal 10-12 וּנְשֵׁיכֶ֜ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_44:25!9|MId=o240440250091|Strong=2050b 11 נְשֵׁי אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 9 conj _ Gloss=wives|Ref=JER_44:25!9|MId=o240440250092|Strong=0802 12 כֶ֜ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JER_44:25!9|MId=o240440250093|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 13-14 וַתְּדַבֵּ֣רְנָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_44:25!10|MId=o240440250101|Strong=2050b 14 תְּדַבֵּ֣רְנָה דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 ccomp _ Gloss=you.have.spoken|Ref=JER_44:25!10|MId=o240440250102|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:240440240131;240440250092;|Type=wayyiqtol 15-17 בְּפִיכֶם֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JER_44:25!11|MId=o240440250111|Strong=0871a 16 פִי פֶּה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 obl _ Gloss=mouth|Ref=JER_44:25!11|MId=o240440250112|Strong=6310 17 כֶם֮ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JER_44:25!11|MId=o240440250113|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 18-21 וּבִידֵיכֶ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_44:25!12|MId=o240440250121|Strong=2050b 19 בִ בְּ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JER_44:25!12|MId=o240440250122|Strong=0871a 20 ידֵי יָד NOUN _ Number=Dual 22 obl _ Gloss=hands|Ref=JER_44:25!12|MId=o240440250123|Strong=3027 21 כֶ֣ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JER_44:25!12|MId=o240440250124|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 22 מִלֵּאתֶ֣ם מָלֵא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=2 14 conj _ Gloss=you.have.fulfilled|Ref=JER_44:25!13|MId=o240440250131|Strong=4390|Frame=A0:240440240131;240440250092;|Type=qatal 23 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=JER_44:25!13 24-25 לֵאמֹר֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 27 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=JER_44:25!14|MId=o240440250141|Strong=3807a 25 אמֹר֒ אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 24 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=JER_44:25!14|MId=o240440250142|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:240440240131;240440250092;A1:240440250161;|Type=infinitive_construct 26 עָשֹׂ֨ה עָשָׂה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 27 obl:npmod _ Gloss=certainly.(perform)|Ref=JER_44:25!15|MId=o240440250151|Strong=6213|Type=infinitive_absolute 27 נַעֲשֶׂ֜ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 22 advcl _ Gloss=we.will.perform|Ref=JER_44:25!16|MId=o240440250161|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:240440240131;240440250092;A1:240440250181;|Type=yiqtol 28 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_44:25!17|MId=o240440250171|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 29-30 נְדָרֵ֗ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 נְדָרֵ֗י נֶדֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 27 obj _ Gloss=vows|Ref=JER_44:25!18|MId=o240440250181|Strong=5088 30 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=JER_44:25!18|MId=o240440250182|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 31 אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 32 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JER_44:25!19|MId=o240440250191|Strong=0834|Type=relative 32 נָדַ֙רְנוּ֙ נָדַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 29 acl:relcl _ Gloss=we.have.vowed|Ref=JER_44:25!20|MId=o240440250201|Strong=5087|Frame=A0:240440240131;240440250092;A1:240440250181;|Type=qatal 33-34 לְקַטֵּר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_44:25!21|MId=o240440250211|Strong=3807a 34 קַטֵּר֙ קָטַר VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 32 advcl _ Gloss=make.smoke|Ref=JER_44:25!21|MId=o240440250212|Strong=6999|Frame=A0:240440240131;240440250092;|Type=infinitive_construct 35-36 לִמְלֶ֣כֶת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_44:25!22|MId=o240440250221|Strong=3807a 36 מְלֶ֣כֶת מְלֶכֶת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 34 obl _ Gloss=the.queen|Ref=JER_44:25!22|MId=o240440250222|Strong=4446 37-38 הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 38 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JER_44:25!23|MId=o240440250231|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 38 שָּׁמַ֔יִם שָׁמַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 36 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.heavens|Ref=JER_44:25!23|MId=o240440250232|Strong=8064 39-41 וּלְהַסֵּ֥ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 41 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_44:25!24|MId=o240440250241|Strong=2050b 40 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 41 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_44:25!24|MId=o240440250242|Strong=3807a 41 הַסֵּ֥ךְ נָסַךְ VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 34 conj _ Gloss=pour.out|Ref=JER_44:25!24|MId=o240440250243|Strong=5258|Frame=AA:240440240131;240440250092;A0:240440250261;|Type=infinitive_construct 42-43 לָ֖הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42 ל לְ ADP _ _ 43 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_44:25!25|MId=o240440250251|Strong=3807a 43 ָ֖הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 41 obl _ Gloss=her|Ref=JER_44:25!25|MId=o240440250252|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 44 נְסָכִ֑ים נֶסֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 41 obj _ Gloss=drink.offerings|Ref=JER_44:25!26|MId=o240440250261|Strong=5262 45 הָקֵ֤ים קוּם VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 46 obl:npmod _ Gloss=indeed.(carry.out)|Ref=JER_44:25!27|MId=o240440250271|Strong=6965|Type=infinitive_absolute 46 תָּקִ֙ימְנָה֙ קוּם VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=2 14 ccomp _ Gloss=you.will.carry.out|Ref=JER_44:25!28|MId=o240440250281|Strong=6965|Frame=AA:240440240131;240440250092;A0:240440250301;|Type=yiqtol 47 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 48 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_44:25!29|MId=o240440250291|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 48-49 נִדְרֵיכֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 48 נִדְרֵי נֶדֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 46 obj _ Gloss=vows|Ref=JER_44:25!30|MId=o240440250301|Strong=5088 49 כֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 48 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JER_44:25!30|MId=o240440250302|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 50-51 וְעָשֹׂ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 50 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 52 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_44:25!31|MId=o240440250311|Strong=2050b 51 עָשֹׂ֥ה עָשָׂה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 52 obl:npmod _ Gloss=indeed.(perform)|Ref=JER_44:25!31|MId=o240440250312|Strong=6213|Type=infinitive_absolute 52 תַעֲשֶׂ֖ינָה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 46 conj _ Gloss=you.will.perform|Ref=JER_44:25!32|MId=o240440250321|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:240440240131;240440250092;A1:240440250341;|Type=yiqtol 53 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 54 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_44:25!33|MId=o240440250331|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 54-55 נִדְרֵיכֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 54 נִדְרֵי נֶדֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 52 obj _ Gloss=vows|Ref=JER_44:25!34|MId=o240440250341|Strong=5088 55 כֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 54 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JER_44:25!34|MId=o240440250342|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 56 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 55 punct _ Ref=JER_44:25!34|SpaceAfter=No 57 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 55 punct _ Ref=JER_44:25!34 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | יְהוָֽה־ *Yahweh* | | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | יְהוָֽה־ *Yahweh* | | | | | תְּדַבֵּרְנָה *you have spoken* | wayyiqtol · piel | נְשֵׁי *wives* | | | | | מִלֵּאתֶם *you have fulfilled* | qatal · piel | נְשֵׁי *wives* | | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | נְשֵׁי *wives* | נַעֲשֶׂה *we will perform* | | | | נַעֲשֶׂה *we will perform* | yiqtol · qal | נְשֵׁי *wives* | נְדָרֵי *vows* | | | | נָדַרְנוּ *we have vowed* | qatal · qal | נְשֵׁי *wives* | נְדָרֵי *vows* | | | | קַטֵּר *make smoke* | infinitive construct · piel | נְשֵׁי *wives* | | | | | הַסֵּךְ *pour out* | infinitive construct · hiphil | נְסָכִים *drink offerings* | | | נְשֵׁי *wives* | | תָּקִימְנָה *you will carry out* | yiqtol · hiphil | נִדְרֵי *vows* | | | נְשֵׁי *wives* | | תַעֲשֶׂינָה *you will perform* | yiqtol · qal | נְשֵׁי *wives* | נִדְרֵי *vows* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ צְבָאוֹת אֱלָהָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל לְמֵימָר אַתּוּן וּנְשֵׁיכוֹן וּגְזַרְתּוּן בְּפוּמְכוֹן וּבִרְעוּתְכוֹן קַיֵמְתּוּן לְמֵימָר מֶעְבַּד נַעְבֵּיד יַת נִדְרָנָא דִי נְדַרְנָא לְאַסָקָא בּוּסְמִין לְכוֹכְבַת שְׁמַיָא וּלְנַסְכָא לָהּ נִסְכִּין אַקָמָא תְקִימוּן יַת נִדְרֵיכוֹן וּמֶעְבַּד תַּעְבְּדוּן יַת נִסְכֵּיכוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, saying: Ye and your wives have both spoken with your mouths, and with your hands have fulfilled it, saying: We will surely perform our vows that we have vowed, to offer to the queen of heaven, and to pour out drink-offerings unto her; ye shall surely establish your vows, and surely perform your vows.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1187/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:1087`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 44:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.44.24/) - next →: [Jeremiah 44:26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.44.26/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/44/)