--- title: Jeremiah 46:12 — The nations have heard of thy shame, and the earth is full of thy cr… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: The nations have heard of thy shame, and the earth is full of thy cry; for the mighty man hath stumbled against the mighty, they are fallen both of them together. Who acts: nations, earth, mighty man, thy. Jeremiah 46:12 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatic --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.46.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 46](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/46/) / 46:12 # Jeremiah 46:12 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** nations, earth, mighty man, thy · **What happens:** hear, be, stumble, fall, shame, cry · **To what, where:** mighty, nations This is Jeremiah 46:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — nations, earth, mighty man, thy — and what happens in the verse to mighty, nations, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. שָׁמְע֤וּ גוֹיִם֙ קְלוֹנֵ֔ךְ וְצִוְחָתֵ֖ךְ מָלְאָ֣ה הָאָ֑רֶץ כִּֽי־גִבּ֤וֹר בְּגִבּוֹר֙ כָּשָׁ֔לוּ יַחְדָּ֖יו נָפְל֥וּ שְׁנֵיהֶֽם׃פ [The nations have heard of thy shame, and the earth is full of thy cry; for the mighty man hath stumbled against the mighty, they are fallen both of them together.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1209/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:1109 # text = שָׁמְע֤וּ גוֹיִם֙ קְלוֹנֵ֔ךְ וְצִוְחָתֵ֖ךְ מָלְאָ֣ה הָאָ֑רֶץ כִּֽי־גִבּ֤וֹר בְּגִבּוֹר֙ כָּשָׁ֔לוּ יַחְדָּ֖יו נָפְל֥וּ שְׁנֵיהֶֽם׃פ # verse = JER.46.12 1 שָׁמְע֤וּ שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.will.hear|Ref=JER_46:12!1|MId=o240460120011|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:240460120021;A1:240460120031;|Type=qatal 2 גוֹיִם֙ גּוֹי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 nsubj _ Gloss=nations|Ref=JER_46:12!2|MId=o240460120021|Strong=1471 3-4 קְלוֹנֵ֔ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 קְלוֹנ קָלוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 obj _ Gloss=shame|Ref=JER_46:12!3|MId=o240460120031|Strong=7036 4 ֵ֔ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JER_46:12!3|MId=o240460120032|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 5-7 וְצִוְחָתֵ֖ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_46:12!4|MId=o240460120041|Strong=2050b 6 צִוְחָת צְוָחָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ Gloss=outcry|Ref=JER_46:12!4|MId=o240460120042|Strong=6682 7 ֵ֖ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JER_46:12!4|MId=o240460120043|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 8 מָלְאָ֣ה מָלֵא VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 conj _ Gloss=it.will.be.full|Ref=JER_46:12!5|MId=o240460120051|Strong=4390|Frame=A0:240460120042;A1:240460120062;|Type=qatal 9-10 הָאָ֑רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_46:12!6|MId=o240460120061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 אָ֑רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 8 obj _ Gloss=earth|Ref=JER_46:12!6|MId=o240460120062|Strong=0776 11 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 15 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JER_46:12!7|MId=o240460120071|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 12 גִבּ֤וֹר גִּבּוֹר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ Gloss=warrior|Ref=JER_46:12!8|MId=o240460120081|Strong=1368|Type=adjective 13-14 בְּגִבּוֹר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=over|Ref=JER_46:12!9|MId=o240460120091|Strong=0871a 14 גִבּוֹר֙ גִּבּוֹר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=warrior|Ref=JER_46:12!9|MId=o240460120092|Strong=1368|Type=adjective 15 כָּשָׁ֔לוּ כָּשַׁל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 1 advcl _ Gloss=they.will.stumble|Ref=JER_46:12!10|MId=o240460120101|Strong=3782|Frame=A0:240460120081;|Type=qatal 16 יַחְדָּ֖יו יָחְדָּו ADV _ _ 17 advmod _ Gloss=together|Ref=JER_46:12!11|MId=o240460120111|Strong=3162a 17 נָפְל֥וּ נָפַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 1 parataxis _ Gloss=they.will.fall|Ref=JER_46:12!12|MId=o240460120121|Strong=5307|Frame=A0:240460120132;|Type=qatal 18-19 שְׁנֵיהֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 שְׁנֵי שְׁנַיִם NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Dual 19 nummod _ Gloss=both|Ref=JER_46:12!13|MId=o240460120131|Strong=8147|Type=cardinal_number 19 הֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ Gloss=of.them|Ref=JER_46:12!13|MId=o240460120132|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 20 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 19 punct _ Ref=JER_46:12!13|SpaceAfter=No 21 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 19 punct _ Ref=JER_46:12!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | שָׁמְעוּ *they will hear* | qatal · qal | גוֹיִם *nations* | קְלוֹנ *shame* | | | | מָלְאָה *it will be full* | qatal · qal | צִוְחָת *outcry* | אָרֶץ *earth* | | | | כָּשָׁלוּ *they will stumble* | qatal · qal | גִבּוֹר *warrior* | | | | | נָפְלוּ *they will fall* | qatal · qal | הֶֽם *of them* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} שְׁמָעוּ עַמְמַיָא קְלָנַיִךְ וְצַוְחָתִיךְ אִתְמְלִיאַת אַרְעָא אֲרֵי גִבַּר בְּגִבַּר אִתְקָלוּ כַּחֲדָא אִתְקְטָלוּ תַרְוֵיהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [The nations have heard of thy shame, and the earth is full of thy cry; for the mighty man hath stumbled against the mighty, they are fallen both of them together.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1209/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:1109`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 46:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.46.11/) - next →: [Jeremiah 46:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.46.13/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 46](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/46/)