--- title: Jeremiah 48:14 — How say ye: 'We are mighty men, and valiant men for the war'? · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: How say ye: 'We are mighty men, and valiant men for the war'? Who acts: ye, We. Jeremiah 48:14 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.48.14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 48](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/48/) / 48:14 # Jeremiah 48:14 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** ye, We · **What happens:** say, be · **To what, where:** mighty men · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Jeremiah 48:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ye, We — and what happens in the verse to mighty men, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. אֵ֚יךְ תֹּֽאמְר֔וּ גִּבּוֹרִ֖ים אֲנָ֑חְנוּ וְאַנְשֵׁי־חַ֖יִל לַמִּלְחָמָֽה׃ [How say ye: 'We are mighty men, and valiant men for the war'?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1248/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:1146 # text = אֵ֚יךְ תֹּֽאמְר֔וּ גִּבּוֹרִ֖ים אֲנָ֑חְנוּ וְאַנְשֵׁי־חַ֖יִל לַמִּלְחָמָֽה׃ # verse = JER.48.14 1 אֵ֚יךְ אֵיךְ INTJ _ _ 2 discourse _ Gloss=how?|Ref=JER_48:14!1|MId=o240480140011|Strong=0349|Type=interrogative 2 תֹּֽאמְר֔וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=will.you.say|Ref=JER_48:14!2|MId=o240480140021|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:240480130021;A1:240480140031;240480140052;|Type=yiqtol 3 גִּבּוֹרִ֖ים גִּבּוֹר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 ccomp _ Gloss=[are].warriors|Ref=JER_48:14!3|MId=o240480140031|Strong=1368|Type=adjective 4 אֲנָ֑חְנוּ אֲנַחְנוּ PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ Gloss=we|Ref=JER_48:14!4|MId=o240480140041|Strong=0587|Type=personal 5-6 וְאַנְשֵׁי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_48:14!5|MId=o240480140051|Strong=2050b 6 אַנְשֵׁי־ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 conj _ Gloss=men|Ref=JER_48:14!5|MId=o240480140052|Strong=0376 7 חַ֖יִל חַיִל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.strength|Ref=JER_48:14!6|MId=o240480140061|Strong=2428 8-10 לַמִּלְחָמָֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=JER_48:14!7|MId=o240480140071|Strong=3807a 9 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_48:14!7|MId=o240480140071ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 מִּלְחָמָֽה מִלְחָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 6 nmod _ Gloss=battle|Ref=JER_48:14!7|MId=o240480140072|Strong=4421 11 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 10 punct _ Ref=JER_48:14!7 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תֹּֽאמְרוּ *will you say* | yiqtol · qal | | גִּבּוֹרִים *\[are\] warriors* + אַנְשֵׁי־ *men* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אֵיכְדֵין תֵּמְרוּן גִבָּרִין אֲנַחְנָא וְגַבְרִין דְחֵילָא לְמֶעְבַּד קְרָבָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [How say ye: 'We are mighty men, and valiant men for the war'?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1248/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:1146`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 48:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.48.13/) - next →: [Jeremiah 48:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.48.15/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 48](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/48/)