--- title: Jeremiah 48:41 — The cities are taken, and the strongholds are seized, and the heart… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: The cities are taken, and the strongholds are seized, and the heart of the mighty men of Moab at that day shall be as the heart of a woman in her pangs. Who acts: heart. Jeremiah 48:41 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.48.41/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 48](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/48/) / 48:41 # Jeremiah 48:41 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** heart · **What happens:** take, seize, be · **To what, where:** cities, strongholds This is Jeremiah 48:41 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — heart — and what happens in the verse to cities, strongholds, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. נִלְכְּדָה֙ הַקְּרִיּ֔וֹת וְהַמְּצָד֖וֹת נִתְפָּ֑שָׂה וְֽ֠הָיָה לֵ֞ב גִּבּוֹרֵ֤י מוֹאָב֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא כְּלֵ֖ב אִשָּׁ֥ה מְצֵרָֽה׃ [The cities are taken, and the strongholds are seized, and the heart of the mighty men of Moab at that day shall be as the heart of a woman in her pangs.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1277/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:1173 # text = נִלְכְּדָה֙ הַקְּרִיּ֔וֹת וְהַמְּצָד֖וֹת נִתְפָּ֑שָׂה וְֽ֠הָיָה לֵ֞ב גִּבּוֹרֵ֤י מוֹאָב֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא כְּלֵ֖ב אִשָּׁ֥ה מְצֵרָֽה׃ # verse = JER.48.41 1 נִלְכְּדָה֙ לָכַד VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.will.be.captured|Ref=JER_48:41!1|MId=o240480410011|Strong=3920|Frame=A1:240480410022;|Type=qatal 2-3 הַקְּרִיּ֔וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 3 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_48:41!2|MId=o240480410021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 3 קְּרִיּ֔וֹת קִרְיָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 1 nsubj _ Gloss=Kerioth|Ref=JER_48:41!2|MId=o240480410022|Strong=7152 4-6 וְהַמְּצָד֖וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_48:41!3|MId=o240480410031|Strong=2050b 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_48:41!3|MId=o240480410032|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 מְּצָד֖וֹת מְצָד NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ Gloss=strongholds|Ref=JER_48:41!3|MId=o240480410033|Strong=4679 7 נִתְפָּ֑שָׂה תָּפַשׂ VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 conj _ Gloss=it.will.be.seized|Ref=JER_48:41!4|MId=o240480410041|Strong=8610|Frame=A1:240480410033;|Type=qatal 8-9 וְֽ֠הָיָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְֽ֠ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_48:41!5|MId=o240480410051|Strong=2050b 9 הָיָה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 15 cop _ Gloss=it.will.be|Ref=JER_48:41!5|MId=o240480410052|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:240480410061;|Type=weqatal 10 לֵ֞ב לֵב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ Gloss=the.heart|Ref=JER_48:41!6|MId=o240480410061|Strong=3820 11 גִּבּוֹרֵ֤י גִּבּוֹר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.warriors|Ref=JER_48:41!7|MId=o240480410071|Strong=1368|Type=adjective 12 מוֹאָב֙ מוֹאָב PROPN _ _ 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Moab|Ref=JER_48:41!8|MId=o240480410081|Strong=4124 13-15 בַּיּ֣וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JER_48:41!9|MId=o240480410091|Strong=0871a 14 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_48:41!9|MId=o240480410091ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 יּ֣וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 conj _ Gloss=day|Ref=JER_48:41!9|MId=o240480410092|Strong=3117 16-17 הַה֔וּא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_48:41!10|MId=o240480410101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 ה֔וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 det _ Gloss=that|Ref=JER_48:41!10|MId=o240480410102|Strong=1931|Type=personal 18-19 כְּלֵ֖ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=like.[the]|Ref=JER_48:41!11|MId=o240480410111|Strong=3509a 19 לֵ֖ב לֵב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=heart|Ref=JER_48:41!11|MId=o240480410112|Strong=3820 20 אִשָּׁ֥ה אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.a.woman|Ref=JER_48:41!12|MId=o240480410121|Strong=0802 21 מְצֵרָֽה צָרַר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing 20 nmod _ Gloss=[who.is].in.labor|Ref=JER_48:41!13|MId=o240480410131|Strong=6887|Frame=A0:240480410121;|Type=participle_active|SpaceAfter=No 22 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 21 punct _ Ref=JER_48:41!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נִלְכְּדָה *it will be captured* | qatal · niphal | | קְּרִיּוֹת *Kerioth* | | | | נִתְפָּשָׂה *it will be seized* | qatal · niphal | | מְּצָדוֹת *strongholds* | | | | הָיָה *it will be* | weqatal · qal | לֵב *the heart* | | | | | מְצֵרָֽה *\[who is\] in labor* | participle active · hiphil | אִשָּׁה *of a woman* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְתִתְכְּבֵישׁ כְּרַכָּא וּמְצָדָתָא יִתְאַחְדָן וִיהֵי לֵב גִבָּרֵיהוֹן דְמוֹאֲבָאֵי בְּיוֹמָא הַהוּא כְּלֵב אִתְּתָא דְעָקָא לָהּ בְּחֶבְלָהָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [The cities are taken, and the strongholds are seized, and the heart of the mighty men of Moab at that day shall be as the heart of a woman in her pangs.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1277/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:1173`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 48:40](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.48.40/) - next →: [Jeremiah 48:42](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.48.42/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 48](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/48/)