--- title: Jeremiah 49:10 — But I have made Esau bare, I have uncovered his secret places, and h… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: But I have made Esau bare, I have uncovered his secret places, and he shall not be able to hide himself; his seed is spoiled, and his brethren, and his neighbours, and he is not. Who acts: I, Esau. Jeremiah 49:10 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of eve --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.49.10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 49](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/49/) / 49:10 # Jeremiah 49:10 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** I, Esau · **What happens:** make, uncover, not be, hide, spoil · **To what, where:** Esau, secret places, seed This is Jeremiah 49:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, Esau — and what happens in the verse to Esau, secret places, seed, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כִּֽי־אֲנִ֞י חָשַׂ֣פְתִּי אֶת־עֵשָׂ֗ו גִּלֵּ֙יתִי֙ אֶת־מִסְתָּרָ֔יו וְנֶחְבָּ֖ה לֹ֣א יוּכָ֑ל שֻׁדַּ֥ד זַרְע֛וֹ וְאֶחָ֥יו וּשְׁכֵנָ֖יו וְאֵינֶֽנּוּ׃ [But I have made Esau bare, I have uncovered his secret places, and he shall not be able to hide himself; his seed is spoiled, and his brethren, and his neighbours, and he is not.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1300/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:1189 # text = כִּֽי־אֲנִ֞י חָשַׂ֣פְתִּי אֶת־עֵשָׂ֗ו גִּלֵּ֙יתִי֙ אֶת־מִסְתָּרָ֔יו וְנֶחְבָּ֖ה לֹ֣א יוּכָ֑ל שֻׁדַּ֥ד זַרְע֛וֹ וְאֶחָ֥יו וּשְׁכֵנָ֖יו וְאֵינֶֽנּוּ׃ # verse = JER.49.10 1 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 3 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JER_49:10!1|MId=o240490100011|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 2 אֲנִ֞י אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=JER_49:10!2|MId=o240490100021|Strong=0589|Type=personal 3 חָשַׂ֣פְתִּי חָשַׂף VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I.will.strip.bare|Ref=JER_49:10!3|MId=o240490100031|Strong=2834|Frame=A0:240490100021;A1:240490100051;|Type=qatal 4 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_49:10!4|MId=o240490100041|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 5 עֵשָׂ֗ו עֵשָׂו PROPN _ _ 3 obj _ Gloss=Esau|Ref=JER_49:10!5|MId=o240490100051|Strong=6215 6 גִּלֵּ֙יתִי֙ גָּלָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=1 3 parataxis _ Gloss=I.will.uncover|Ref=JER_49:10!6|MId=o240490100061|Strong=1540|Frame=A0:240490070041;A1:240490100081;|Type=qatal 7 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_49:10!7|MId=o240490100071|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 8-9 מִסְתָּרָ֔יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 מִסְתָּרָ֔י מִסְתָּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 obj _ Gloss=places|Ref=JER_49:10!8|MId=o240490100081|Strong=4565 9 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its.secret|Ref=JER_49:10!8|MId=o240490100082|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 10-11 וְנֶחְבָּ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_49:10!9|MId=o240490100091|Strong=2050b 11 נֶחְבָּ֖ה חָבָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 13 obj _ Gloss=it.will.hide.itself|Ref=JER_49:10!9|MId=o240490100092|Strong=2247|Frame=A0:240490100051;|Type=weqatal 12 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 13 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JER_49:10!10|MId=o240490100101|Strong=3808|Type=negative 13 יוּכָ֑ל יָכֹל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=it.will.be.able|Ref=JER_49:10!11|MId=o240490100111|Strong=3201|Frame=A0:240490100051;A1:240490100092;|Type=yiqtol 14 שֻׁדַּ֥ד שָׁדַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PUAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 parataxis _ Gloss=it.will.be.devastated|Ref=JER_49:10!12|MId=o240490100121|Strong=7703|Frame=A1:240490100131;240490100142;240490100152;|Type=qatal 15-16 זַרְע֛וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 זַרְע זֶרַע NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ Gloss=offspring|Ref=JER_49:10!13|MId=o240490100131|Strong=2233 16 ֛וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=JER_49:10!13|MId=o240490100132|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 17-19 וְאֶחָ֥יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_49:10!14|MId=o240490100141|Strong=2050b 18 אֶחָ֥י אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 conj _ Gloss=relatives|Ref=JER_49:10!14|MId=o240490100142|Strong=0251 19 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=JER_49:10!14|MId=o240490100143|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 20-22 וּשְׁכֵנָ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_49:10!15|MId=o240490100151|Strong=2050b 21 שְׁכֵנָ֖י שָׁכֵן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 conj _ Gloss=neighbors|Ref=JER_49:10!15|MId=o240490100152|Strong=7934|Type=adjective 22 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=JER_49:10!15|MId=o240490100153|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 23-25 וְאֵינֶֽנּוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_49:10!16|MId=o240490100161|Strong=2050b 24 אֵינ אַיִן ADV _ _ 3 conj _ Gloss=it.[will]|Ref=JER_49:10!16|MId=o240490100162|Strong=0369|Type=negative 25 ֶֽנּוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ Gloss=not.[be]|Ref=JER_49:10!16|MId=o240490100163|Strong=5105b|Type=pronominal 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=JER_49:10!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** חָשַׂפְתִּי *I will strip bare* | qatal · qal | אֲנִי *I* | עֵשָׂו *Esau* | | | | גִּלֵּיתִי *I will uncover* | qatal · piel | | מִסְתָּרָי *places* | | | | נֶחְבָּה *it will hide itself* | weqatal · niphal | עֵשָׂו *Esau* | | | | | **not** יוּכָל *it will be able* | yiqtol · qal | עֵשָׂו *Esau* | נֶחְבָּה *it will hide itself* | | | | שֻׁדַּד *it will be devastated* | qatal · pual | | זַרְע *offspring* + אֶחָי *relatives* + שְׁכֵנָי *neighbors* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אֲרֵי אֲנָא אַיְתֵיתִי בְלוֹשִׁין עַל עֵשָׂו גִלִיתִי יַת מַטְמְרוֹהִי דְאִם יִבְעִי לְאִטַמְרָא לָא יִכּוּל אִתְבְּזִיזוּ בְּנוֹהִי וַאֲחוֹהִי וְקָרִיבוֹהִי וְלַיְתִינוּן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [But I have made Esau bare, I have uncovered his secret places, and he shall not be able to hide himself; his seed is spoiled, and his brethren, and his neighbours, and he is not.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1300/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:1189`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 49:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.49.9/) - next →: [Jeremiah 49:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.49.11/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 49](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/49/)