--- title: Jeremiah 49:19 — Behold, he shall come up like a lion from the thickets of the Jordan… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Behold, he shall come up like a lion from the thickets of the Jordan against the strong habitation; for I will suddenly make him run away from it, and whoso is chosen, him will I appoint over it; for who is like Me? and who will appoint Me a time? and who is that shepherd that will stand before Me? --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.49.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 49](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/49/) / 49:19 # Jeremiah 49:19 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** LORD, I, shepherd · **What happens:** come up, make, run away, choose, appoint, be · **To what, where:** thickets, LORD, habitation, whoso, Me, shepherd This is Jeremiah 49:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, I, shepherd — and what happens in the verse to thickets, LORD, habitation, whoso, Me, shepherd, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הִ֠נֵּה כְּאַרְיֵ֞ה יַעֲלֶ֨ה מִגְּא֣וֹן הַיַּרְדֵּן֮ אֶל־נְוֵ֣ה אֵיתָן֒ כִּֽי־אַרְגִּ֤יעָה אֲרִיצֶ֨נּוּ מֵֽעָלֶ֔יהָ וּמִ֥י בָח֖וּר אֵלֶ֣יהָ אֶפְקֹ֑ד כִּ֣י מִ֤י כָמ֙וֹנִי֙ וּמִ֣י יֹעִידֶ֔נִּי וּמִי־זֶ֣ה רֹעֶ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר יַעֲמֹ֖ד לְפָנָֽי׃ס [Behold, he shall come up like a lion from the thickets of the Jordan against the strong habitation; for I will suddenly make him run away from it, and whoso is chosen, him will I appoint over it; for who is like Me? and who will appoint Me a time? and who is that shepherd that will stand before Me?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1309/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:1198 # text = הִ֠נֵּה כְּאַרְיֵ֞ה יַעֲלֶ֨ה מִגְּא֣וֹן הַיַּרְדֵּן֮ אֶל־נְוֵ֣ה אֵיתָן֒ כִּֽי־אַרְגִּ֤יעָה אֲרִיצֶ֨נּוּ מֵֽעָלֶ֔יהָ וּמִ֥י בָח֖וּר אֵלֶ֣יהָ אֶפְקֹ֑ד כִּ֣י מִ֤י כָמ֙וֹנִי֙ וּמִ֣י יֹעִידֶ֔נִּי וּמִי־זֶ֣ה רֹעֶ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר יַעֲמֹ֖ד לְפָנָֽי׃ס # verse = JER.49.19 1 הִ֠נֵּה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 3 discourse _ Gloss=there!|Ref=JER_49:19!1|MId=o240490190011|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 2-3 כְּאַרְיֵ֞ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=JER_49:19!2|MId=o240490190021|Strong=3509a 3 אַרְיֵ֞ה אַרְיֵה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=a.lion|Ref=JER_49:19!2|MId=o240490190022|Strong=0738a 4 יַעֲלֶ֨ה עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 acl _ Gloss=[which].it.goes.up|Ref=JER_49:19!3|MId=o240490190031|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:240490190022;|Type=yiqtol 5-6 מִגְּא֣וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JER_49:19!4|MId=o240490190041|Strong=4480 6 גְּא֣וֹן גָּאוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 obl _ Gloss=the.thicket[s]|Ref=JER_49:19!4|MId=o240490190042|Strong=1347 7-8 הַיַּרְדֵּן֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JER_49:19!5|MId=o240490190051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 יַּרְדֵּן֮ יַרְדֵּן PROPN _ _ 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.Jordan|Ref=JER_49:19!5|MId=o240490190052|Strong=3383 9 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_49:19!6|MId=o240490190061|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 10 נְוֵ֣ה נָוֶה NOUN _ Number=Sing 4 obl _ Gloss=pastureland|Ref=JER_49:19!7|MId=o240490190071|Strong=5116 11 אֵיתָן֒ אֵיתָן ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 amod _ Gloss=of.an.ever-flowing.[stream]|Ref=JER_49:19!8|MId=o240490190081|Strong=0386|Type=adjective 12 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 13 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JER_49:19!9|MId=o240490190091|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 13 אַרְגִּ֤יעָה רָגַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 3 advcl _ Gloss=I.will.act.in.a.moment|Ref=JER_49:19!10|MId=o240490190101|Strong=7280|Frame=A0:240490180061;|Type=cohortative 14-15 אֲרִיצֶ֨נּוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 אֲרִיצ רוּץ VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 13 parataxis _ Gloss=I|Ref=JER_49:19!11|MId=o240490190111|Strong=7323|Frame=AA:240490180061;A0:240490190112;|Type=yiqtol 15 ֶ֨נּוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 obj _ Gloss=will.cause.it.to.run|Ref=JER_49:19!11|MId=o240490190112|Strong=5105b|Type=pronominal 16-18 מֵֽעָלֶ֔יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 מֵֽ מִן ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JER_49:19!12|MId=o240490190121|Strong=4480 17 עָלֶ֔י עַל ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JER_49:19!12|MId=o240490190122|Strong=5921 18 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=JER_49:19!12|MId=o240490190123|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 19-20 וּמִ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_49:19!13|MId=o240490190131|Strong=2050b 20 מִ֥י מִי PRON _ PronType=Int 21 nsubj _ Gloss=whoever|Ref=JER_49:19!13|MId=o240490190132|Strong=4310|Type=interrogative 21 בָח֖וּר בָּחַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QALPASSIVE|Number=Sing 3 conj _ Gloss=[is].chosen|Ref=JER_49:19!14|MId=o240490190141|Strong=0977|Type=participle_passive 22-23 אֵלֶ֣יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 אֵלֶ֣י אֶל ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_49:19!15|MId=o240490190151|Strong=0413 23 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=JER_49:19!15|MId=o240490190152|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 24 אֶפְקֹ֑ד פָּקַד VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 21 acl _ Gloss=I.will.appoint|Ref=JER_49:19!16|MId=o240490190161|Strong=6485|Frame=A0:240490180061;A1:240490190141;|Type=yiqtol 25 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 28 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JER_49:19!17|MId=o240490190171|Strong=3588 26 מִ֤י מִי PRON _ PronType=Int 28 nsubj _ Gloss=who?|Ref=JER_49:19!18|MId=o240490190181|Strong=4310|Type=interrogative 27-28 כָמ֙וֹנִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 כָמ֙וֹ כְּמוֹ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=[is].like|Ref=JER_49:19!19|MId=o240490190191|Strong=3644 28 נִי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 advcl _ Gloss=me|Ref=JER_49:19!19|MId=o240490190192|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 29-30 וּמִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_49:19!20|MId=o240490190201|Strong=2050b 30 מִ֣י מִי PRON _ PronType=Int 31 nsubj _ Gloss=who?|Ref=JER_49:19!20|MId=o240490190202|Strong=4310|Type=interrogative 31-32 יֹעִידֶ֔נִּי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 יֹעִיד יָעַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=will|Ref=JER_49:19!21|MId=o240490190211|Strong=3259|Frame=AA:240490190202;A0:240490190212;|Type=yiqtol 32 ֶ֔נִּי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 31 obj _ Gloss=he.summon.me|Ref=JER_49:19!21|MId=o240490190212|Strong=5204a|Type=pronominal 33-34 וּמִי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 35 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_49:19!22|MId=o240490190221|Strong=2050b 34 מִי־ מִי PRON _ PronType=Int 35 nsubj _ Gloss=who?|Ref=JER_49:19!22|MId=o240490190222|Strong=4310|Type=interrogative 35 זֶ֣ה זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 3 conj _ Gloss=this|Ref=JER_49:19!23|MId=o240490190231|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 36 רֹעֶ֔ה רָעָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 35 appos _ Gloss=[is].a.shepherd|Ref=JER_49:19!24|MId=o240490190241|Strong=7473|Type=participle_active 37 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 38 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=JER_49:19!25|MId=o240490190251|Strong=0834|Type=relative 38 יַעֲמֹ֖ד עָמַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 36 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.will.stand|Ref=JER_49:19!26|MId=o240490190261|Strong=5975|Frame=A0:240490190241;|Type=yiqtol 39-41 לְפָנָֽי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 40 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=JER_49:19!27|MId=o240490190271|Strong=3807a 40 פָנ פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 38 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=JER_49:19!27|MId=o240490190272|Strong=6440 41 ָֽי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 40 nmod:poss _ Gloss=me|Ref=JER_49:19!27|MId=o240490190273|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 42 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 41 punct _ Ref=JER_49:19!27|SpaceAfter=No 43 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 41 punct _ Ref=JER_49:19!27 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַעֲלֶה *\[which\] it goes up* | yiqtol · qal | אַרְיֵה *a lion* | | | | | אַרְגִּיעָה *I will act in a moment* | cohortative · hiphil | | | | | | אֲרִיצ *I* | yiqtol · hiphil | ֶנּוּ *will cause it to run* | | | | | אֶפְקֹד *I will appoint* | yiqtol · qal | | בָחוּר *\[is\] chosen* | | | | יֹעִיד *will* | yiqtol · hiphil | ֶנִּי *he summon me* | | | מִי *who?* | | יַעֲמֹד *he will stand* | yiqtol · qal | רֹעֶה *\[is\] a shepherd* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} הָא מְלַךְ בְּמַשְׁרִיתֵיהּ יִסַק עֲלֵיהוֹן כְּאַרְיָא דְסָלֵיק מֵרוּם יַרְדְנָא (וַהֲוָה) לְדִיר רַעֲיָן אֲרֵי בִּזְמַן אַיְתִינוּן עֲלָהּ וְשַׁלְטוֹנִין אַמְנֵי עֲלָהּ אֲרֵי מַן כְּוָתִי וּמַן דִיעַרְעִינַנִי וְלֵית מְלַךְ דְאִית לֵיהּ תְּקוֹף קָדָמָי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Behold, he shall come up like a lion from the thickets of the Jordan against the strong habitation; for I will suddenly make him run away from it, and whoso is chosen, him will I appoint over it; for who is like Me? and who will appoint Me a time? and who is that shepherd that will stand before Me?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1309/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:1198`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 49:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.49.18/) - next →: [Jeremiah 49:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.49.20/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 49](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/49/)