--- title: Jeremiah 49:2 — Therefore, behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that I will cause… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Therefore, behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that I will cause an alarm of war to be heard against Rabbah of the children of Ammon; and it shall become a desolate mound, and her daughters shall be burned with fire; then shall Israel dispossess them that did dispossess him, saith the LORD. Who a --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.49.2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 49](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/49/) / 49:2 # Jeremiah 49:2 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** days, LORD, I, alarm, Israel · **What happens:** come, say, cause, hear, become, burn · **To what, where:** alarm, desolate mound, daughters, Israel, war · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Jeremiah 49:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — days, LORD, I, alarm, Israel — and what happens in the verse to alarm, desolate mound, daughters, Israel, war, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. לָכֵ֡ן הִנֵּה֩ יָמִ֨ים בָּאִ֜ים נְאֻם־יְהוָ֗ה וְ֠הִשְׁמַעְתִּי אֶל־רַבַּ֨ת בְּנֵי־עַמּ֜וֹן תְּרוּעַ֣ת מִלְחָמָ֗ה וְהָֽיְתָה֙ לְתֵ֣ל שְׁמָמָ֔ה וּבְנֹתֶ֖יהָ בָּאֵ֣שׁ תִּצַּ֑תְנָה וְיָרַ֧שׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל אֶת־יֹרְשָׁ֖יו אָמַ֥ר יְהוָֽה׃ [Therefore, behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that I will cause an alarm of war to be heard against Rabbah of the children of Ammon; and it shall become a desolate mound, and her daughters shall be burned with fire; then shall Israel dispossess them that did dispossess him, saith the LORD.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1290/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:1181 # text = לָכֵ֡ן הִנֵּה֩ יָמִ֨ים בָּאִ֜ים נְאֻם־יְהוָ֗ה וְ֠הִשְׁמַעְתִּי אֶל־רַבַּ֨ת בְּנֵי־עַמּ֜וֹן תְּרוּעַ֣ת מִלְחָמָ֗ה וְהָֽיְתָה֙ לְתֵ֣ל שְׁמָמָ֔ה וּבְנֹתֶ֖יהָ בָּאֵ֣שׁ תִּצַּ֑תְנָה וְיָרַ֧שׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל אֶת־יֹרְשָׁ֖יו אָמַ֥ר יְהוָֽה׃ # verse = JER.49.2 1-2 לָכֵ֡ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 לָ לָכֵן ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=therefore|Ref=JER_49:2!1|MId=o240490020011|Strong=3807a 2 כֵ֡ן כֵּן ADV _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=|Ref=JER_49:2!1|MId=o240490020012|Strong=3651 3 הִנֵּה֩ הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 5 discourse _ Gloss=here!|Ref=JER_49:2!2|MId=o240490020021|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 4 יָמִ֨ים יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ Gloss=days|Ref=JER_49:2!3|MId=o240490020031|Strong=3117 5 בָּאִ֜ים בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 2 parataxis _ Gloss=[are].coming|Ref=JER_49:2!4|MId=o240490020041|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:240490020031;|Type=participle_active 6 נְאֻם־ נְאֻם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 parataxis _ Gloss=the.utterance|Ref=JER_49:2!5|MId=o240490020051|Strong=5002|SpaceAfter=No 7 יְהוָ֗ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=JER_49:2!6|MId=o240490020061|Strong=3068 8-9 וְ֠הִשְׁמַעְתִּי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ֠ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_49:2!7|MId=o240490020071|Strong=2050b 9 הִשְׁמַעְתִּי שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=I.will.sound.aloud|Ref=JER_49:2!7|MId=o240490020072|Strong=8085|Frame=AA:240490020061;A0:240490020121;|Type=weqatal 10 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=against|Ref=JER_49:2!8|MId=o240490020081|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 11 רַבַּ֨ת רַב PROPN _ _ 9 obl _ Gloss=Rabbah|Ref=JER_49:2!9|MId=o240490020091|Strong=7237 12 בְּנֵי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.people|Ref=JER_49:2!10|MId=o240490020101|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 13 עַמּ֜וֹן עַמּוֹן PROPN _ _ 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Ammon|Ref=JER_49:2!11|MId=o240490020111|Strong=5983 14 תְּרוּעַ֣ת תְּרוּעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 9 obj _ Gloss=a.shout|Ref=JER_49:2!12|MId=o240490020121|Strong=8643 15 מִלְחָמָ֗ה מִלְחָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.battle|Ref=JER_49:2!13|MId=o240490020131|Strong=4421 16-17 וְהָֽיְתָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_49:2!14|MId=o240490020141|Strong=2050b 17 הָֽיְתָה֙ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 19 cop _ Gloss=it.will.become|Ref=JER_49:2!14|MId=o240490020142|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:240490020091;|Type=weqatal 18-19 לְתֵ֣ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=(into).a|Ref=JER_49:2!15|MId=o240490020151|Strong=3807a 19 תֵ֣ל תֵּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=mound|Ref=JER_49:2!15|MId=o240490020152|Strong=8510 20 שְׁמָמָ֔ה שְׁמָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.desolation|Ref=JER_49:2!16|MId=o240490020161|Strong=8077 21-23 וּבְנֹתֶ֖יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_49:2!17|MId=o240490020171|Strong=2050b 22 בְנֹתֶ֖י בַּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 27 nsubj _ Gloss=daughters|Ref=JER_49:2!17|MId=o240490020172|Strong=1323 23 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=JER_49:2!17|MId=o240490020173|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 24-26 בָּאֵ֣שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JER_49:2!18|MId=o240490020181|Strong=0871a 25 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_49:2!18|MId=o240490020181ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 אֵ֣שׁ אֵשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 27 obl _ Gloss=fire|Ref=JER_49:2!18|MId=o240490020182|Strong=0784 27 תִּצַּ֑תְנָה יָצַת VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.will.be.kindled|Ref=JER_49:2!19|MId=o240490020191|Strong=3341|Frame=A0:240490020172;|Type=yiqtol 28-29 וְיָרַ֧שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_49:2!20|MId=o240490020201|Strong=2050b 29 יָרַ֧שׁ יָרַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.will.dispossess|Ref=JER_49:2!20|MId=o240490020202|Strong=3423|Frame=A0:240490020211;A1:240490020231;|Type=weqatal 30 יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 29 nsubj _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=JER_49:2!21|MId=o240490020211|Strong=3478 31 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_49:2!22|MId=o240490020221|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 32-33 יֹרְשָׁ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 יֹרְשָׁ֖י יָרַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 29 obj _ Gloss=[those|Ref=JER_49:2!23|MId=o240490020231|Strong=3423|Frame=A1:240490020232;|Type=participle_active 33 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ Gloss=who].dispossessed.it|Ref=JER_49:2!23|MId=o240490020232|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 34 אָמַ֥ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=JER_49:2!24|MId=o240490020241|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:240490020251;|Type=qatal 35 יְהוָֽה יהוה PROPN _ _ 34 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JER_49:2!25|MId=o240490020251|Strong=3068|SpaceAfter=No 36 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 35 punct _ Ref=JER_49:2!25 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | בָּאִים *\[are\] coming* | participle active · qal | יָמִים *days* | | | | | הִשְׁמַעְתִּי *I will sound aloud* | weqatal · hiphil | תְּרוּעַת *a shout* | | | יְהוָה *of Yahweh* | | הָֽיְתָה *it will become* | weqatal · qal | רַבַּת *Rabbah* | | | | | תִּצַּתְנָה *they will be kindled* | yiqtol · qal | בְנֹתֶי *daughters* | | | | | יָרַשׁ *it will dispossess* | weqatal · qal | יִשְׂרָאֵל *Israel* | יֹרְשָׁי *\[those* | | | | יֹרְשָׁי *\[those* | participle active · qal | | ו *who\] dispossessed it* | | | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | יְהוָֽה *Yahweh* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} בְּכֵן הָא יוֹמַיָא אָתָן אֲמַר יְיָ וְאַשְׁמַע לְרַבַּת בְּנֵי עַמוֹן יַבְּבוּת עָבְדֵי קְרָבָא וּתְהֵי לְתֵל צָדוּ וְיָתְבֵי כַפְרָנָהָא בְּנוּרָא יִתּוֹקְדוּן וְיַחְסְנוּן בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל נִכְסֵי עַמְמַיָא דַהֲווֹ מַחְסְנִין לְהוֹן אֲמַר יְיָ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Therefore, behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that I will cause an alarm of war to be heard against Rabbah of the children of Ammon; and it shall become a desolate mound, and her daughters shall be burned with fire; then shall Israel dispossess them that did dispossess him, saith the LORD.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1290/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:1181`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 49:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.49.1/) - next →: [Jeremiah 49:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.49.3/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 49](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/49/)