--- title: Jeremiah 49:28 — Of Kedar, and of the kingdoms of Hazor, which Nebuchadrezzar king of… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Of Kedar, and of the kingdoms of Hazor, which Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon smote. Thus saith the LORD: Arise ye, go up against Kedar, and spoil the children of the east. Who acts: Nebuchadrezzar king, LORD, ye. Jeremiah 49:28 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pr --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.49.28/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 49](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/49/) / 49:28 # Jeremiah 49:28 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** Nebuchadrezzar king, LORD, ye · **What happens:** smite, say, arise, go up, spoil · **To what, where:** kingdoms, children · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Jeremiah 49:28 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Nebuchadrezzar king, LORD, ye — and what happens in the verse to kingdoms, children, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. לְקֵדָ֣ר ׀ וּֽלְמַמְלְכ֣וֹת חָצ֗וֹר אֲשֶׁ֤ר הִכָּה֙ נְבֽוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֣ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֔ל כֹּ֖ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֑ה ק֚וּמוּ עֲל֣וּ אֶל־קֵדָ֔ר וְשָׁדְד֖וּ אֶת־בְּנֵי־קֶֽדֶם׃ [Of Kedar, and of the kingdoms of Hazor, which Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon smote.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1318/) [Thus saith the LORD: Arise ye, go up against Kedar, and spoil the children of the east.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1319/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:1207 # text = לְקֵדָ֣ר ׀ וּֽלְמַמְלְכ֣וֹת חָצ֗וֹר אֲשֶׁ֤ר הִכָּה֙ נְבֽוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֣ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֔ל כֹּ֖ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֑ה ק֚וּמוּ עֲל֣וּ אֶל־קֵדָ֔ר וְשָׁדְד֖וּ אֶת־בְּנֵי־קֶֽדֶם׃ # verse = JER.49.28 1-2 לְקֵדָ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=JER_49:28!1|MId=o240490280011|Strong=3807a 2 קֵדָ֣ר קֵדָר PROPN _ _ 14 obl _ Gloss=Kedar|Ref=JER_49:28!1|MId=o240490280012|Strong=6938 3 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 2 punct _ Ref=JER_49:28!1 4-6 וּֽלְמַמְלְכ֣וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וּֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_49:28!2|MId=o240490280021|Strong=2050b 5 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=JER_49:28!2|MId=o240490280022|Strong=3807a 6 מַמְלְכ֣וֹת מַמְלָכָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 2 conj _ Gloss=the.kingdoms|Ref=JER_49:28!2|MId=o240490280023|Strong=4467 7 חָצ֗וֹר חָצוֹר PROPN _ _ 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Hazor|Ref=JER_49:28!3|MId=o240490280031|Strong=2674 8 אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 9 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JER_49:28!4|MId=o240490280041|Strong=0834|Type=relative 9 הִכָּה֙ נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.attacked|Ref=JER_49:28!5|MId=o240490280051|Strong=5221|Frame=AA:240490280071;A0:240490280012;240490280023;|Type=qatal 10 נְבֽוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֣ר נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּר PROPN _ _ 9 nsubj _ Gloss=Nebuchadnezzar|Ref=JER_49:28!7|MId=o240490280071|Strong=5019 11 מֶֽלֶךְ־ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 appos _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=JER_49:28!8|MId=o240490280081|Strong=4428|SpaceAfter=No 12 בָּבֶ֔ל בָּבֶל PROPN _ _ 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Babylon|Ref=JER_49:28!9|MId=o240490280091|Strong=0894 13 כֹּ֖ה כֹּה ADV _ _ 14 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=JER_49:28!10|MId=o240490280101|Strong=3541 14 אָמַ֣ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=JER_49:28!11|MId=o240490280111|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:240490280121;|Type=qatal 15 יְהוָ֑ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 14 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JER_49:28!12|MId=o240490280121|Strong=3068 16 ק֚וּמוּ קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 14 ccomp _ Gloss=arise|Ref=JER_49:28!13|MId=o240490280131|Strong=6965|Frame=A0:240490280091;|Type=imperative 17 עֲל֣וּ עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 16 parataxis _ Gloss=go.up|Ref=JER_49:28!14|MId=o240490280141|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:240490280091;|Type=imperative 18 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=against|Ref=JER_49:28!15|MId=o240490280151|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 19 קֵדָ֔ר קֵדָר PROPN _ _ 17 obl _ Gloss=Kedar|Ref=JER_49:28!16|MId=o240490280161|Strong=6938 20-21 וְשָׁדְד֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_49:28!17|MId=o240490280171|Strong=2050b 21 שָׁדְד֖וּ שָׁדַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 16 conj _ Gloss=devastate|Ref=JER_49:28!17|MId=o240490280172|Strong=7703|Frame=A0:240490280091;A1:240490280191;|Type=imperative 22 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_49:28!18|MId=o240490280181|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 23 בְּנֵי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 21 obj _ Gloss=[the].people|Ref=JER_49:28!19|MId=o240490280191|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 24 קֶֽדֶם קֶדֶם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].east|Ref=JER_49:28!20|MId=o240490280201|Strong=6924|SpaceAfter=No 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=JER_49:28!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הִכָּה *he attacked* | qatal · hiphil | קֵדָר *Kedar* + מַמְלְכוֹת *the kingdoms* | | | נְבֽוּכַדְרֶאצַּר *Nebuchadnezzar* | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | קוּמוּ *arise* | imperative · qal | בָּבֶל *of Babylon* | | | | | עֲלוּ *go up* | imperative · qal | בָּבֶל *of Babylon* | | | | | שָׁדְדוּ *devastate* | imperative · qal | בָּבֶל *of Babylon* | בְּנֵי־ *\[the\] people* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} לְקֵדָר וּלְמַמְלָכוֹת חָצוֹר דִמְחָא נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַר מַלְכָּא דְבָבֶל כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ קוּמוּ סַקוּ עַל קַדָר וּבְזָז יַת בְּנֵי מַדִינְחָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Of Kedar, and of the kingdoms of Hazor, which Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon smote.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1318/) 2. [Thus saith the LORD: Arise ye, go up against Kedar, and spoil the children of the east.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1319/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:1207`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 49:27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.49.27/) - next →: [Jeremiah 49:29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.49.29/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 49](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/49/)