--- title: Jeremiah 5:19 — And it shall come to pass, when ye shall say: 'Wherefore hath the LO… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it shall come to pass, when ye shall say: 'Wherefore hath the LORD our God done all these things unto us?' then shalt Thou say unto them: 'Like as ye have forsaken Me, and served strange gods in your land, so shall ye serve strangers in a land that is not yours.' Who acts: ye, LORD, Thou, land. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.5.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/5/) / 5:19 # Jeremiah 5:19 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** ye, LORD, Thou, land · **What happens:** come, pass, say, do, forsake, serve · **To what, where:** end, things, Me, strange gods, land, strangers · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Jeremiah 5:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ye, LORD, Thou, land — and what happens in the verse to end, things, Me, strange gods, land, strangers, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְהָיָה֙ כִּ֣י תֹאמְר֔וּ תַּ֣חַת מֶ֗ה עָשָׂ֨ה יְהֹוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֵ֛ינוּ לָ֖נוּ אֶת־כָּל־אֵ֑לֶּה וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֲלֵיהֶ֗ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר עֲזַבְתֶּ֤ם אוֹתִי֙ וַתַּעַבְד֞וּ אֱלֹהֵ֤י נֵכָר֙ בְּאַרְצְכֶ֔ם כֵּ֚ן תַּעַבְד֣וּ זָרִ֔ים בְּאֶ֖רֶץ לֹ֥א לָכֶֽם׃ס [And it shall come to pass, when ye shall say: 'Wherefore hath the LORD our God done all these things unto us?' then shalt Thou say unto them: 'Like as ye have forsaken Me, and served strange gods in your land, so shall ye serve strangers in a land that is not yours.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.155/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:130 # text = וְהָיָה֙ כִּ֣י תֹאמְר֔וּ תַּ֣חַת מֶ֗ה עָשָׂ֨ה יְהֹוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֵ֛ינוּ לָ֖נוּ אֶת־כָּל־אֵ֑לֶּה וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֲלֵיהֶ֗ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר עֲזַבְתֶּ֤ם אוֹתִי֙ וַתַּעַבְד֞וּ אֱלֹהֵ֤י נֵכָר֙ בְּאַרְצְכֶ֔ם כֵּ֚ן תַּעַבְד֣וּ זָרִ֔ים בְּאֶ֖רֶץ לֹ֥א לָכֶֽם׃ס # verse = JER.5.19 1-2 וְהָיָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_5:19!1|MId=o240050190011|Strong=2050b 2 הָיָה֙ הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.will.be|Ref=JER_5:19!1|MId=o240050190012|Strong=1961|Type=weqatal 3 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 4 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JER_5:19!2|MId=o240050190021|Strong=3588 4 תֹאמְר֔וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 2 advcl _ Gloss=you.will.say|Ref=JER_5:19!3|MId=o240050190031|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:240050150061;|Type=yiqtol 5 תַּ֣חַת תַּחַת NOUN _ _ 7 obl _ Gloss=for|Ref=JER_5:19!4|MId=o240050190041|Strong=8478 6 מֶ֗ה מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=what?|Ref=JER_5:19!5|MId=o240050190051|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 7 עָשָׂ֨ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 ccomp _ Gloss=did.he.do|Ref=JER_5:19!6|MId=o240050190061|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:240050190071;A1:240050190121;|Type=qatal 8 יְהֹוָ֧ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 7 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JER_5:19!7|MId=o240050190071|Strong=3068 9-10 אֱלֹהֵ֛ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 אֱלֹהֵ֛י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=JER_5:19!8|MId=o240050190081|Strong=0430 10 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=JER_5:19!8|MId=o240050190082|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 11-12 לָ֖נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 ל לְ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_5:19!9|MId=o240050190091|Strong=3807a 12 ָ֖נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 7 obl _ Gloss=us|Ref=JER_5:19!9|MId=o240050190092|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 13 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_5:19!10|MId=o240050190101|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 14 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JER_5:19!11|MId=o240050190111|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 15 אֵ֑לֶּה אֵלֶּה DET _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 14 det _ Gloss=these.[things]|Ref=JER_5:19!12|MId=o240050190121|Strong=0428|Type=demonstrative 16-17 וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_5:19!13|MId=o240050190131|Strong=2050b 17 אָמַרְתָּ֣ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 7 conj _ Gloss=you.will.say|Ref=JER_5:19!13|MId=o240050190132|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:240010010021;|Type=weqatal 18-19 אֲלֵיהֶ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 אֲלֵי אֶל ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_5:19!14|MId=o240050190141|Strong=0413 19 הֶ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=JER_5:19!14|MId=o240050190142|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 20-21 כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 כַּ כְּ ADP _ _ 33 obl _ Gloss=just|Ref=JER_5:19!15|MId=o240050190151|Strong=3509a 21 אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 22 mark _ Gloss=as|Ref=JER_5:19!15|MId=o240050190152|Strong=0834|Type=relative 22 עֲזַבְתֶּ֤ם עָזַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 20 acl:relcl _ Gloss=you.forsook|Ref=JER_5:19!16|MId=o240050190161|Strong=5800|Frame=A0:240050150061;A1:240050190172;|Type=qatal 23-24 אוֹתִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 אוֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JER_5:19!17|MId=o240050190171|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 24 ִי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ Gloss=me|Ref=JER_5:19!17|MId=o240050190172|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 25-26 וַתַּעַבְד֞וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_5:19!18|MId=o240050190181|Strong=2050b 26 תַּעַבְד֞וּ עָבַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 22 conj _ Gloss=you.served|Ref=JER_5:19!18|MId=o240050190182|Strong=5647|Frame=A0:240050150061;A1:240050190191;|Type=wayyiqtol 27 אֱלֹהֵ֤י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 26 obj _ Gloss=gods|Ref=JER_5:19!19|MId=o240050190191|Strong=0430 28 נֵכָר֙ נֵכָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.foreignness|Ref=JER_5:19!20|MId=o240050190201|Strong=5236 29-31 בְּאַרְצְכֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JER_5:19!21|MId=o240050190211|Strong=0871a 30 אַרְצ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 26 obl _ Gloss=your.own|Ref=JER_5:19!21|MId=o240050190212|Strong=0776 31 ְכֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ Gloss=land|Ref=JER_5:19!21|MId=o240050190213|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 32 כֵּ֚ן כֵּן ADV _ _ 33 advmod _ Gloss=so|Ref=JER_5:19!22|MId=o240050190221|Strong=3651|Type=demonstrative 33 תַּעַבְד֣וּ עָבַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 17 ccomp _ Gloss=you.will.serve|Ref=JER_5:19!23|MId=o240050190231|Strong=5647|Frame=A0:240050150061;A1:240050190241;|Type=yiqtol 34 זָרִ֔ים זָר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 33 obj _ Gloss=strangers|Ref=JER_5:19!24|MId=o240050190241|Strong=2114b|Type=adjective 35-36 בְּאֶ֖רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JER_5:19!25|MId=o240050190251|Strong=0871a 36 אֶ֖רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 33 obl _ Gloss=a.land|Ref=JER_5:19!25|MId=o240050190252|Strong=0776 37 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 39 advmod _ Gloss=[which].not|Ref=JER_5:19!26|MId=o240050190261|Strong=3808|Type=negative 38-39 לָכֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 ל לְ ADP _ _ 39 case _ Gloss=[belongs].to|Ref=JER_5:19!27|MId=o240050190271|Strong=3807a 39 ָכֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 36 acl _ Gloss=you|Ref=JER_5:19!27|MId=o240050190272|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 40 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 39 punct _ Ref=JER_5:19!27|SpaceAfter=No 41 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 39 punct _ Ref=JER_5:19!27 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תֹאמְרוּ *you will say* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | עָשָׂה *did he do* | qatal · qal | יְהֹוָה *Yahweh* | אֵלֶּה *these \[things\]* | | | | אָמַרְתָּ *you will say* | weqatal · qal | | | | | | עֲזַבְתֶּם *you forsook* | qatal · qal | | ִי *me* | | | | תַּעַבְדוּ *you served* | wayyiqtol · qal | | אֱלֹהֵי *gods* | | | | תַּעַבְדוּ *you will serve* | yiqtol · qal | | זָרִים *strangers* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וִיהֵי אֲרֵי תֵימְרוּן חֲלַף מָה עֲבַד יְיָ אֱלָהָנָא לָנָא יַת כָּל אִלֵין וְתֵימַר לְהוֹן כְּמָא דִשְׁבַקְתּוּן פּוּלְחָנִי וּפְלַחְתּוּן לְטַעֲוַת פַּלְחֵי כּוֹכְבַיָא בְּאַרְעֲכוֹן כֵּן תִּשְׁתַּעְבְּדוּן לְעַמְמַיָא פַּלְחֵי כּוֹכְבַיָא בְּאַרְעָא דְלָא דִילְכוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it shall come to pass, when ye shall say: 'Wherefore hath the LORD our God done all these things unto us?' then shalt Thou say unto them: 'Like as ye have forsaken Me, and served strange gods in your land, so shall ye serve strangers in a land that is not yours.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.155/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:130`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 5:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.5.18/) - next →: [Jeremiah 5:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.5.20/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/5/)