--- title: Jeremiah 51:44 — And I will punish Bel in Babylon, and I will bring forth out of his… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And I will punish Bel in Babylon, and I will bring forth out of his mouth that which he hath swallowed up, and the nations shall not flow any more unto him; yea, the wall of Babylon shall fall. Who acts: I, Bel, nations, wall. Jeremiah 51:44 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.51.44/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 51](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/51/) / 51:44 # Jeremiah 51:44 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** I, Bel, nations, wall · **What happens:** punish, bring, swallow up, not flow, fall · **To what, where:** Bel, Babylon, mouth This is Jeremiah 51:44 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, Bel, nations, wall — and what happens in the verse to Bel, Babylon, mouth, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּפָקַדְתִּ֨י עַל־בֵּ֜ל בְּבָבֶ֗ל וְהֹצֵאתִ֤י אֶת־בִּלְעוֹ֙ מִפִּ֔יו וְלֹֽא־יִנְהֲר֥וּ אֵלָ֛יו ע֖וֹד גּוֹיִ֑ם גַּם־חוֹמַ֥ת בָּבֶ֖ל נָפָֽלָה׃ [And I will punish Bel in Babylon, and I will bring forth out of his mouth that which he hath swallowed up, and the nations shall not flow any more unto him; yea, the wall of Babylon shall fall.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1422/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:1308 # text = וּפָקַדְתִּ֨י עַל־בֵּ֜ל בְּבָבֶ֗ל וְהֹצֵאתִ֤י אֶת־בִּלְעוֹ֙ מִפִּ֔יו וְלֹֽא־יִנְהֲר֥וּ אֵלָ֛יו ע֖וֹד גּוֹיִ֑ם גַּם־חוֹמַ֥ת בָּבֶ֖ל נָפָֽלָה׃ # verse = JER.51.44 1-2 וּפָקַדְתִּ֨י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_51:44!1|MId=o240510440011|Strong=2050b 2 פָקַדְתִּ֨י פָּקַד VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I.will.visit.[judgment]|Ref=JER_51:44!1|MId=o240510440012|Strong=6485|Frame=A0:240510390141;|Type=weqatal 3 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JER_51:44!2|MId=o240510440021|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 4 בֵּ֜ל בֵּל PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Bel|Ref=JER_51:44!3|MId=o240510440031|Strong=1078 5-6 בְּבָבֶ֗ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JER_51:44!4|MId=o240510440041|Strong=0871a 6 בָבֶ֗ל בָּבֶל PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Babylon|Ref=JER_51:44!4|MId=o240510440042|Strong=0894 7-8 וְהֹצֵאתִ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_51:44!5|MId=o240510440051|Strong=2050b 8 הֹצֵאתִ֤י יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=I.will.bring.out|Ref=JER_51:44!5|MId=o240510440052|Strong=3318|Frame=AA:240510390141;A0:240510440071;|Type=weqatal 9 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_51:44!6|MId=o240510440061|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 10-11 בִּלְעוֹ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 בִּלְע בֶלַע NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 obj _ Gloss=thing|Ref=JER_51:44!7|MId=o240510440071|Strong=1105 11 וֹ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his.swallowed|Ref=JER_51:44!7|MId=o240510440072|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 12-14 מִפִּ֔יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JER_51:44!8|MId=o240510440081|Strong=4480 13 פִּ֔י פֶּה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 obl _ Gloss=mouth|Ref=JER_51:44!8|MId=o240510440082|Strong=6310 14 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JER_51:44!8|MId=o240510440083|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 15-16 וְלֹֽא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_51:44!9|MId=o240510440091|Strong=2050b 16 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 17 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JER_51:44!9|MId=o240510440092|Strong=3808|Type=negative 17 יִנְהֲר֥וּ נָהַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.will.stream|Ref=JER_51:44!10|MId=o240510440101|Strong=5102|Frame=A0:240510440131;|Type=yiqtol 18-19 אֵלָ֛יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 אֵלָ֛י אֶל ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_51:44!11|MId=o240510440111|Strong=0413 19 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=JER_51:44!11|MId=o240510440112|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 20 ע֖וֹד עוֹד ADV _ _ 17 advmod _ Gloss=again|Ref=JER_51:44!12|MId=o240510440121|Strong=5750 21 גּוֹיִ֑ם גּוֹי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 nsubj _ Gloss=nations|Ref=JER_51:44!13|MId=o240510440131|Strong=1471 22 גַּם־ גַּם ADV _ _ 23 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=JER_51:44!14|MId=o240510440141|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation|SpaceAfter=No 23 חוֹמַ֥ת חוֹמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ Gloss=the.wall|Ref=JER_51:44!15|MId=o240510440151|Strong=2346 24 בָּבֶ֖ל בָּבֶל PROPN _ _ 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Babylon|Ref=JER_51:44!16|MId=o240510440161|Strong=0894 25 נָפָֽלָה נָפַל VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=it.will.fall|Ref=JER_51:44!17|MId=o240510440171|Strong=5307|Frame=A0:240510440151;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=JER_51:44!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: promise - voice: character - speech: speech with no frame - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | פָקַדְתִּי *I will visit \[judgment\]* | weqatal · qal | | | | | | הֹצֵאתִי *I will bring out* | weqatal · hiphil | בִּלְע *thing* | | | | | **not** יִנְהֲרוּ *they will stream* | yiqtol · qal | גּוֹיִם *nations* | | | | | נָפָֽלָה *it will fall* | qatal · qal | חוֹמַת *the wall* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאַסְעַר עַל דְפָלְחִין לְבַל בְּבָּבֶל וְאַבֵּיז יַת נִכְסוֹהִי מִנֵיהּ וְלָא יִשְׁתַּמְעוּן לֵיהּ עוֹד עַמְמַיָא אַף שׁוּרִי בָּבֶל יִתְרְמוּן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And I will punish Bel in Babylon, and I will bring forth out of his mouth that which he hath swallowed up, and the nations shall not flow any more unto him; yea, the wall of Babylon shall fall.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1422/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:1308`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 51:43](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.51.43/) - next →: [Jeremiah 51:45](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.51.45/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 51](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/51/)