--- title: Jeremiah 51:56 — For the spoiler is come upon her, even upon Babylon, and her mighty… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: For the spoiler is come upon her, even upon Babylon, and her mighty men are taken, their bows are shattered; for the LORD is a God of recompenses, He will surely requite. Who acts: LORD. Jeremiah 51:56 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.51.56/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 51](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/51/) / 51:56 # Jeremiah 51:56 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** LORD · **What happens:** come, take, shatter, be, requite · **To what, where:** spoiler, mighty men, bows, God This is Jeremiah 51:56 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD — and what happens in the verse to spoiler, mighty men, bows, God, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כִּי֩ בָ֨א עָלֶ֤יהָ עַל־בָּבֶל֙ שׁוֹדֵ֔ד וְנִלְכְּדוּ֙ גִּבּוֹרֶ֔יהָ חִתְּתָ֖ה קַשְּׁתוֹתָ֑ם כִּ֣י אֵ֧ל גְּמֻל֛וֹת יְהוָ֖ה שַׁלֵּ֥ם יְשַׁלֵּֽם׃ [For the spoiler is come upon her, even upon Babylon, and her mighty men are taken, their bows are shattered; for the LORD is a God of recompenses, He will surely requite.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1434/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:1320 # text = כִּי֩ בָ֨א עָלֶ֤יהָ עַל־בָּבֶל֙ שׁוֹדֵ֔ד וְנִלְכְּדוּ֙ גִּבּוֹרֶ֔יהָ חִתְּתָ֖ה קַשְּׁתוֹתָ֑ם כִּ֣י אֵ֧ל גְּמֻל֛וֹת יְהוָ֖ה שַׁלֵּ֥ם יְשַׁלֵּֽם׃ # verse = JER.51.56 1 כִּי֩ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 2 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JER_51:56!1|MId=o240510560011|Strong=3588 2 בָ֨א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=[is].about.to.come|Ref=JER_51:56!2|MId=o240510560021|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:240510560061;|Type=qatal 3-4 עָלֶ֤יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 עָלֶ֤י עַל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JER_51:56!3|MId=o240510560031|Strong=5921 4 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=JER_51:56!3|MId=o240510560032|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 5 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JER_51:56!4|MId=o240510560041|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 6 בָּבֶל֙ בָּבֶל PROPN _ _ 4 nmod _ Gloss=Babylon|Ref=JER_51:56!5|MId=o240510560051|Strong=0894 7 שׁוֹדֵ֔ד שָׁדַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=a.destroyer|Ref=JER_51:56!6|MId=o240510560061|Strong=7703|Type=participle_active 8-9 וְנִלְכְּדוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_51:56!7|MId=o240510560071|Strong=2050b 9 נִלְכְּדוּ֙ לָכַד VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.will.be.captured|Ref=JER_51:56!7|MId=o240510560072|Strong=3920|Frame=A1:240510560081;|Type=weqatal 10-11 גִּבּוֹרֶ֔יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 גִּבּוֹרֶ֔י גִּבּוֹר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ Gloss=its|Ref=JER_51:56!8|MId=o240510560081|Strong=1368|Type=adjective 11 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=warriors|Ref=JER_51:56!8|MId=o240510560082|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 12 חִתְּתָ֖ה חָתַת VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=it.will.be.shattered|Ref=JER_51:56!9|MId=o240510560091|Strong=2865|Frame=A0:240510560101;|Type=qatal 13-14 קַשְּׁתוֹתָ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 קַשְּׁתוֹת קֶשֶׁת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 12 nsubj _ Gloss=bows|Ref=JER_51:56!10|MId=o240510560101|Strong=7198 14 ָ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JER_51:56!10|MId=o240510560102|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 15 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 20 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JER_51:56!11|MId=o240510560111|Strong=3588 16 אֵ֧ל אֵל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ Gloss=[is].a.God|Ref=JER_51:56!12|MId=o240510560121|Strong=0410 17 גְּמֻל֛וֹת גְּמוּלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.recompense(s)|Ref=JER_51:56!13|MId=o240510560131|Strong=1578 18 יְהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 16 appos _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JER_51:56!14|MId=o240510560141|Strong=3068 19 שַׁלֵּ֥ם שָׁלֵם VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 20 obl:npmod _ Gloss=fully.(repay)|Ref=JER_51:56!15|MId=o240510560151|Strong=7999|Type=infinitive_absolute 20 יְשַׁלֵּֽם שָׁלֵם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 advcl _ Gloss=he.will.repay|Ref=JER_51:56!16|MId=o240510560161|Strong=7999|Frame=A0:240510560121;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 21 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 20 punct _ Ref=JER_51:56!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | בָא *\[is\] about to come* | qatal · qal | שׁוֹדֵד *a destroyer* | | | | | נִלְכְּדוּ *they will be captured* | weqatal · niphal | | גִּבּוֹרֶי *its* | | | | חִתְּתָה *it will be shattered* | qatal · piel | קַשְּׁתוֹת *bows* | | | | | יְשַׁלֵּֽם *he will repay* | yiqtol · piel | אֵל *\[is\] a God* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אֲרֵי אֱתוֹ עֲלָהּ עַל בָּבֶל בָּזוֹזִין וְאִתְאֲחִידוּ גִבְּרָהָא אִתְּבְרָא קַשְׁתּוֹתֵיהוֹן אֲרֵי אֱלָהָא מָרֵי גַמְלַיָא יְיָ שַׁלְמָא יְשַׁלֵם לְהוֹן גְמוּלְהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [For the spoiler is come upon her, even upon Babylon, and her mighty men are taken, their bows are shattered; for the LORD is a God of recompenses, He will surely requite.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1434/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:1320`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 51:55](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.51.55/) - next →: [Jeremiah 51:57](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.51.57/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 51](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/51/)