--- title: Jeremiah 51:60 — And Jeremiah wrote in one book all the evil that should come upon Ba… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Jeremiah wrote in one book all the evil that should come upon Babylon, even all these words that are written concerning Babylon. Who acts: Jeremiah, evil. Jeremiah 51:60 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.51.60/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 51](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/51/) / 51:60 # Jeremiah 51:60 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** Jeremiah, evil · **What happens:** write, come · **To what, where:** evil, one book, Babylon, words This is Jeremiah 51:60 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jeremiah, evil — and what happens in the verse to evil, one book, Babylon, words, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּכְתֹּ֣ב יִרְמְיָ֗הוּ אֵ֧ת כָּל־הָרָעָ֛ה אֲשֶׁר־תָּב֥וֹא אֶל־בָּבֶ֖ל אֶל־סֵ֣פֶר אֶחָ֑ד אֵ֚ת כָּל־הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֔לֶּה הַכְּתֻבִ֖ים אֶל־בָּבֶֽל׃ [And Jeremiah wrote in one book all the evil that should come upon Babylon, even all these words that are written concerning Babylon.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1439/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:1324 # text = וַיִּכְתֹּ֣ב יִרְמְיָ֗הוּ אֵ֧ת כָּל־הָרָעָ֛ה אֲשֶׁר־תָּב֥וֹא אֶל־בָּבֶ֖ל אֶל־סֵ֣פֶר אֶחָ֑ד אֵ֚ת כָּל־הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֔לֶּה הַכְּתֻבִ֖ים אֶל־בָּבֶֽל׃ # verse = JER.51.60 1-2 וַיִּכְתֹּ֣ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_51:60!1|MId=o240510600011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּכְתֹּ֣ב כָּתַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.wrote|Ref=JER_51:60!1|MId=o240510600012|Strong=3789|Frame=A0:240510600021;A1:240510600052;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יִרְמְיָ֗הוּ יִרְמְיָהוּ PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Jeremiah|Ref=JER_51:60!2|MId=o240510600021|Strong=3414a 4 אֵ֧ת אֵת ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_51:60!3|MId=o240510600031|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 5 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JER_51:60!4|MId=o240510600041|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 6-7 הָרָעָ֛ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_51:60!5|MId=o240510600051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 רָעָ֛ה רָעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=calamity|Ref=JER_51:60!5|MId=o240510600052|Strong=7451b 8 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 9 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JER_51:60!6|MId=o240510600061|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 9 תָּב֥וֹא בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 acl:relcl _ Gloss=it.will.come|Ref=JER_51:60!7|MId=o240510600071|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:240510600052;|Type=yiqtol 10 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_51:60!8|MId=o240510600081|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 11 בָּבֶ֖ל בָּבֶל PROPN _ _ 9 obl _ Gloss=Babylon|Ref=JER_51:60!9|MId=o240510600091|Strong=0894 12 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_51:60!10|MId=o240510600101|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 13 סֵ֣פֶר סֵפֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=a.scroll|Ref=JER_51:60!11|MId=o240510600111|Strong=5612 14 אֶחָ֑ד אֶחָד NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 nummod _ Gloss=one|Ref=JER_51:60!12|MId=o240510600121|Strong=0259|Type=cardinal_number 15 אֵ֚ת אֵת ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_51:60!13|MId=o240510600131|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 16 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 appos _ Gloss=all|Ref=JER_51:60!14|MId=o240510600141|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 17-18 הַדְּבָרִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_51:60!15|MId=o240510600151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 דְּבָרִ֣ים דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=words|Ref=JER_51:60!15|MId=o240510600152|Strong=1697 19-20 הָאֵ֔לֶּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_51:60!16|MId=o240510600161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 אֵ֔לֶּה אֵלֶּה DET _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 18 det _ Gloss=these|Ref=JER_51:60!16|MId=o240510600162|Strong=0428|Type=demonstrative 21-22 הַכְּתֻבִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 22 mark _ Gloss=[which|Ref=JER_51:60!17|MId=o240510600171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 כְּתֻבִ֖ים כָּתַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 18 appos _ Gloss=were].written|Ref=JER_51:60!17|MId=o240510600172|Strong=3789|Frame=A1:240510600152;|Type=participle_passive 23 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=concerning|Ref=JER_51:60!18|MId=o240510600181|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 24 בָּבֶֽל בָּבֶל PROPN _ _ 22 obl _ Gloss=Babylon|Ref=JER_51:60!19|MId=o240510600191|Strong=0894|SpaceAfter=No 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=JER_51:60!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּכְתֹּב *he wrote* | wayyiqtol · qal | יִרְמְיָהוּ *Jeremiah* | רָעָה *calamity* | | | | תָּבוֹא *it will come* | yiqtol · qal | רָעָה *calamity* | | | | | כְּתֻבִים *were\] written* | participle passive · qal | | דְּבָרִים *words* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּכְתַב יִרְמְיָה יַת כָּל בִּישְׁתָא דַעֲתִידָא לְמֵיתֵי עַל בָּבֶל עַל סִפְרָא חַד יַת כָּל פִּתְגָמַיָא הָאִלֵין דִכְתִיבִין עַל בָּבֶל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Jeremiah wrote in one book all the evil that should come upon Babylon, even all these words that are written concerning Babylon.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1439/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:1324`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 51:59](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.51.59/) - next →: [Jeremiah 51:61](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.51.61/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 51](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/51/)