--- title: Jeremiah 52:31 — And it came to pass in the seven and thirtieth year of the captivity… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it came to pass in the seven and thirtieth year of the captivity of Jehoiachin king of Judah, in the twelfth month, in the five and twentieth day of the month, that Evil-merodach king of Babylon, in the first year of his reign, lifted up the head of Jehoiachin king of Judah, and brought him fort --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.52.31/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 52](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/52/) / 52:31 # Jeremiah 52:31 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** Evil · **What happens:** come, pass, lift up, bring · **To what, where:** four thousand, head, Evil, prison This is Jeremiah 52:31 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Evil — and what happens in the verse to four thousand, head, Evil, prison, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְהִי֩ בִשְׁלֹשִׁ֨ים וָשֶׁ֜בַע שָׁנָ֗ה לְגָלוּת֙ יְהוֹיָכִ֣ן מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֔ה בִּשְׁנֵ֤ים עָשָׂר֙ חֹ֔דֶשׁ בְּעֶשְׂרִ֥ים וַחֲמִשָּׁ֖ה לַחֹ֑דֶשׁ נָשָׂ֡א אֱוִ֣יל מְרֹדַךְ֩ אֱוִ֣יל מְרֹדַךְ֩ מֶ֨לֶךְ בָּבֶ֜ל בִּשְׁנַ֣ת מַלְכֻת֗וֹ אֶת־רֹאשׁ֙ יְהוֹיָכִ֣ין מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֔ה וַיֹּצֵ֥א אוֹת֖וֹ מִבֵּ֥ית הַכְּלֽוּא׃ [And it came to pass in the seven and thirtieth year of the captivity of Jehoiachin king of Judah, in the twelfth month, in the five and twentieth day of the month, that Evil-merodach king of Babylon, in the first year of his reign, lifted up the head of Jehoiachin king of Judah, and brought him forth out of prison.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1476/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:1359 # text = וַיְהִי֩ בִשְׁלֹשִׁ֨ים וָשֶׁ֜בַע שָׁנָ֗ה לְגָלוּת֙ יְהוֹיָכִ֣ן מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֔ה בִּשְׁנֵ֤ים עָשָׂר֙ חֹ֔דֶשׁ בְּעֶשְׂרִ֥ים וַחֲמִשָּׁ֖ה לַחֹ֑דֶשׁ נָשָׂ֡א אֱוִ֣יל מְרֹדַךְ֩ אֱוִ֣יל מְרֹדַךְ֩ מֶ֨לֶךְ בָּבֶ֜ל בִּשְׁנַ֣ת מַלְכֻת֗וֹ אֶת־רֹאשׁ֙ יְהוֹיָכִ֣ין מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֔ה וַיֹּצֵ֥א אוֹת֖וֹ מִבֵּ֥ית הַכְּלֽוּא׃ # verse = JER.52.31 1-2 וַיְהִי֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_52:31!1|MId=o240520310011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִי֩ הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=JER_52:31!1|MId=o240520310012|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 בִשְׁלֹשִׁ֨ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בִ בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JER_52:31!2|MId=o240520310021|Strong=0871a 4 שְׁלֹשִׁ֨ים שָׁלֹשׁ NUM _ Number=Plur 7 nummod _ Gloss=thirty|Ref=JER_52:31!2|MId=o240520310022|Strong=7970|Type=cardinal_number 5-6 וָשֶׁ֜בַע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_52:31!3|MId=o240520310031|Strong=2050b 6 שֶׁ֜בַע שֶׁבַע NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 conj _ Gloss=seven|Ref=JER_52:31!3|MId=o240520310032|Strong=7651|Type=cardinal_number 7 שָׁנָ֗ה שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=year|Ref=JER_52:31!4|MId=o240520310041|Strong=8141 8-9 לְגָלוּת֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=JER_52:31!5|MId=o240520310051|Strong=3807a 9 גָלוּת֙ גָּלוּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 nmod _ Gloss=the.exile|Ref=JER_52:31!5|MId=o240520310052|Strong=1546 10 יְהוֹיָכִ֣ן יְהוֹיָכִין PROPN _ _ 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Jehoiachin|Ref=JER_52:31!6|MId=o240520310061|Strong=3078 11 מֶֽלֶךְ־ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 appos _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=JER_52:31!7|MId=o240520310071|Strong=4428|SpaceAfter=No 12 יְהוּדָ֔ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Judah|Ref=JER_52:31!8|MId=o240520310081|Strong=3063 13-14 בִּשְׁנֵ֤ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JER_52:31!9|MId=o240520310091|Strong=0871a 14 שְׁנֵ֤ים שְׁנַיִם NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Dual 16 nummod _ Gloss=two.plus|Ref=JER_52:31!9|MId=o240520310092|Strong=8147|Type=cardinal_number 15 עָשָׂר֙ עָשָׂר NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 flat _ Gloss=ten|Ref=JER_52:31!10|MId=o240520310101|Strong=6240|Type=cardinal_number 16 חֹ֔דֶשׁ חֹדֶשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 conj _ Gloss=month|Ref=JER_52:31!11|MId=o240520310111|Strong=2320 17-18 בְּעֶשְׂרִ֥ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=on.[day]|Ref=JER_52:31!12|MId=o240520310121|Strong=0871a 18 עֶשְׂרִ֥ים עֶשְׂרִים NUM _ Number=Plur 7 conj _ Gloss=twenty|Ref=JER_52:31!12|MId=o240520310122|Strong=6242|Type=cardinal_number 19-20 וַחֲמִשָּׁ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_52:31!13|MId=o240520310131|Strong=2050b 20 חֲמִשָּׁ֖ה חָמֵשׁ NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 conj _ Gloss=five|Ref=JER_52:31!13|MId=o240520310132|Strong=2568|Type=cardinal_number 21-23 לַחֹ֑דֶשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=JER_52:31!14|MId=o240520310141|Strong=3807a 22 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_52:31!14|MId=o240520310141ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 חֹ֑דֶשׁ חֹדֶשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 nmod _ Gloss=month|Ref=JER_52:31!14|MId=o240520310142|Strong=2320 24 נָשָׂ֡א נָשָׂא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=he.lifted.up|Ref=JER_52:31!15|MId=o240520310151|Strong=5375|Frame=A0:240520310161;A1:240520310221;|Type=qatal 25 אֱוִ֣יל אֱוִיל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ Gloss=Evil-Merodach|Ref=JER_52:31!16|MId=o240520310161|Type=adjective 26 מְרֹדַךְ֩ מְרֹדַךְ NOUN _ _ 25 flat _ Ref=JER_52:31!16 27 אֱוִ֣יל אֱוִיל PROPN _ _ 25 appos _ Gloss=Evil-Merodach|Ref=JER_52:31!17|MId=o240520310171 28 מְרֹדַךְ֩ מְרֹדַךְ PROPN _ _ 27 flat:name _ Ref=JER_52:31!17 29 מֶ֨לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 appos _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=JER_52:31!18|MId=o240520310181|Strong=4428 30 בָּבֶ֜ל בָּבֶל PROPN _ _ 29 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Babylon|Ref=JER_52:31!19|MId=o240520310191|Strong=0894 31-32 בִּשְׁנַ֣ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JER_52:31!20|MId=o240520310201|Strong=0871a 32 שְׁנַ֣ת שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 24 obl _ Gloss=the.year|Ref=JER_52:31!20|MId=o240520310202|Strong=8141 33-34 מַלְכֻת֗וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 מַלְכֻת מַלְכוּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 32 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.kingdom|Ref=JER_52:31!21|MId=o240520310211|Strong=4438 34 ֗וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JER_52:31!21|MId=o240520310212|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 35 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_52:31!22|MId=o240520310221|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 36 רֹאשׁ֙ רֹאשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 obj _ Gloss=the.head|Ref=JER_52:31!23|MId=o240520310231|Strong=7218 37 יְהוֹיָכִ֣ין יְהוֹיָכִין PROPN _ _ 36 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Jehoiachin|Ref=JER_52:31!24|MId=o240520310241|Strong=3078 38 מֶֽלֶךְ־ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 37 appos _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=JER_52:31!25|MId=o240520310251|Strong=4428|SpaceAfter=No 39 יְהוּדָ֔ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 38 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Judah|Ref=JER_52:31!26|MId=o240520310261|Strong=3063 40-41 וַיֹּצֵ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 41 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_52:31!27|MId=o240520310271|Strong=2050b 41 יֹּצֵ֥א יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.brought.out|Ref=JER_52:31!27|MId=o240520310272|Strong=3318|Frame=AA:240520310161;A0:240520310272;|Type=wayyiqtol 42-43 אוֹת֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42 אוֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 43 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JER_52:31!28|MId=o240520310281|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 43 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 41 obj _ Gloss=him|Ref=JER_52:31!28|MId=o240520310282|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 44-45 מִבֵּ֥ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 44 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 45 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JER_52:31!29|MId=o240520310291|Strong=4480 45 בֵּ֥ית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 41 obl _ Gloss=the.house|Ref=JER_52:31!29|MId=o240520310292|Strong=1004 46-47 הַכְּלֽוּא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 46 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 47 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=JER_52:31!31|MId=o240520310311|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 47 כְּלֽוּא כְּלוּא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 45 compound:smixut _ Gloss=imprisonment|Ref=JER_52:31!31|MId=o240520310312|Strong=3628 48 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 47 punct _ Ref=JER_52:31!31 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נָשָׂא *he lifted up* | qatal · qal | אֱוִיל *Evil-Merodach* | אֶת־ *(et)* | | | | יֹּצֵא *he brought out* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | יֹּצֵא *he brought out* | | | אֱוִיל *Evil-Merodach* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה בִּתְלָתִין וּשְׁבַע שְׁנִין לְגָלוּת יְהוֹיָכִין מְלַךְ שִׁבְטָא דְבֵית יְהוּדָה בִּתְרֵי עֲשַׂר יַרְחִין בְּעַשְׂרִין וְחַמְשָׁא לְיַרְחָא רַבֵי אֱוִיל מְרוֹדַךְ מַלְכָּא דְבָבֶל בִּשְׁנַת מַלְכוּתֵיהּ יַת רֵישׁ יְהוֹיָכִין מְלַךְ שִׁבְטָא דְבֵית יְהוּדָה וְאַפֵּיק יָתֵיהּ מִבֵּית אֲסִירֵי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it came to pass in the seven and thirtieth year of the captivity of Jehoiachin king of Judah, in the twelfth month, in the five and twentieth day of the month, that Evil-merodach king of Babylon, in the first year of his reign, lifted up the head of Jehoiachin king of Judah, and brought him forth out of prison.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1476/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:1359`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 52:30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.52.30/) - next →: [Jeremiah 52:32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.52.32/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 52](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/52/)