--- title: Jeremiah 8:5 — Why then is this people of Jerusalem slidden back by a perpetual bac… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Why then is this people of Jerusalem slidden back by a perpetual backsliding? They hold fast deceit, they refuse to return. Who acts: perpetual backsliding, people. Jeremiah 8:5 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.8.5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/8/) / 8:5 # Jeremiah 8:5 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** perpetual backsliding, people · **What happens:** slidden back, hold, refuse, not return · **To what, where:** people, fast deceit This is Jeremiah 8:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — perpetual backsliding, people — and what happens in the verse to people, fast deceit, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. מַדּ֨וּעַ שׁוֹבְבָ֜ה הָעָ֥ם הַזֶּ֛ה יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם מְשֻׁבָ֣ה נִצַּ֑חַת הֶחֱזִ֙יקוּ֙ בַּתַּרְמִ֔ית מֵאֲנ֖וּ לָשֽׁוּב׃ [Why then is this people of Jerusalem slidden back by a perpetual backsliding?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.242/) [They hold fast deceit, they refuse to return.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.243/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:211 # text = מַדּ֨וּעַ שׁוֹבְבָ֜ה הָעָ֥ם הַזֶּ֛ה יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם מְשֻׁבָ֣ה נִצַּ֑חַת הֶחֱזִ֙יקוּ֙ בַּתַּרְמִ֔ית מֵאֲנ֖וּ לָשֽׁוּב׃ # verse = JER.8.5 1 מַדּ֨וּעַ מַדּוּעַ ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=why?|Ref=JER_8:5!1|MId=o240080050011|Strong=4069|Type=interrogative 2 שׁוֹבְבָ֜ה שֹׁובֵב VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=POLEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=has.it.turned.away|Ref=JER_8:5!2|MId=o240080050021|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:240080050032;|Type=qatal 3-4 הָעָ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_8:5!3|MId=o240080050031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 עָ֥ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=people|Ref=JER_8:5!3|MId=o240080050032|Strong=5971 5-6 הַזֶּ֛ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_8:5!4|MId=o240080050041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 זֶּ֛ה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 4 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=JER_8:5!4|MId=o240080050042|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 7 יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם PROPN _ _ 4 appos _ Gloss=Jerusalem|Ref=JER_8:5!5|MId=o240080050051|Strong=3389 8 מְשֻׁבָ֣ה מְשׁוּבָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=apostasy|Ref=JER_8:5!6|MId=o240080050061|Strong=4878 9 נִצַּ֑חַת נָצַח VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing 8 nmod _ Gloss=enduring|Ref=JER_8:5!7|MId=o240080050071|Strong=5329|Frame=A0:240080050061;|Type=participle_passive 10 הֶחֱזִ֙יקוּ֙ חָזַק VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=they.have.kept.hold|Ref=JER_8:5!8|MId=o240080050081|Strong=2388|Frame=A0:240080050032;|Type=qatal 11-13 בַּתַּרְמִ֔ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JER_8:5!9|MId=o240080050091|Strong=0871a 12 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JER_8:5!9|MId=o240080050091ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 תַּרְמִ֔ית תׇּרְמִית NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=deceitfulness|Ref=JER_8:5!9|MId=o240080050092|Strong=8649 14 מֵאֲנ֖וּ מָאֵן VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=they.have.refused|Ref=JER_8:5!10|MId=o240080050101|Strong=3985|Frame=A0:240080050032;|Type=qatal 15-16 לָשֽׁוּב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_8:5!11|MId=o240080050111|Strong=3807a 16 שֽׁוּב שׁוּב VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 14 xcomp _ Gloss=return|Ref=JER_8:5!11|MId=o240080050112|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:240080050032;|Type=infinitive_construct 17 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 16 punct _ Ref=JER_8:5!11 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | שׁוֹבְבָה *has it turned away* | qatal · polel | עָם *people* | | | | | נִצַּחַת *enduring* | participle passive · niphal | מְשֻׁבָה *apostasy* | | | | | הֶחֱזִיקוּ *they have kept hold* | qatal · hiphil | עָם *people* | | | | | מֵאֲנוּ *they have refused* | qatal · piel | עָם *people* | | | | | שֽׁוּב *return* | infinitive construct · qal | עָם *people* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} מַה דֵין מִתְחַסְנִין לְמֵיתָב לְפוּלְחָנִי עַמָא הָדֵין יַתְבֵי יְרוּשְׁלֵם תָּבוּ לִמְרַד מִן אוֹרַיְתָא וְלָא צָבָן לְמֵיתַב אַתְקִיפוּ בְּנִכְלִין מְסָרְבִין לְמֵיתַב: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Why then is this people of Jerusalem slidden back by a perpetual backsliding?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.242/) 2. [They hold fast deceit, they refuse to return.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.243/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:211`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 8:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.8.4/) - next →: [Jeremiah 8:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.8.6/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/8/)