--- title: Jeremiah 9:2 — And they bend their tongue, their bow of falsehood; and they are gro… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And they bend their tongue, their bow of falsehood; and they are grown mighty in the land, but not for truth; for they proceed from evil to evil, and Me they know not, saith the LORD. Who acts: people, LORD. Jeremiah 9:2 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatic --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.9.2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/9/) / 9:2 # Jeremiah 9:2 יִרְמְיָהוּ **Who acts:** people, LORD · **What happens:** bend, grow, proceed, not know, say · **To what, where:** tongue, people, land, evil, Me · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Jeremiah 9:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — people, LORD — and what happens in the verse to tongue, people, land, evil, Me, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַֽיַּדְרְכ֤וּ אֶת־לְשׁוֹנָם֙ קַשְׁתָּ֣ם שֶׁ֔קֶר וְלֹ֥א לֶאֱמוּנָ֖ה גָּבְר֣וּ בָאָ֑רֶץ כִּי֩ מֵרָעָ֨ה אֶל־רָעָ֧ה ׀ יָצָ֛אוּ וְאֹתִ֥י לֹֽא־יָדָ֖עוּ נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃ס [And they bend their tongue, their bow of falsehood; and they are grown mighty in the land, but not for truth; for they proceed from evil to evil, and Me they know not, saith the LORD.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.269/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JER:231 # text = וַֽיַּדְרְכ֤וּ אֶת־לְשׁוֹנָם֙ קַשְׁתָּ֣ם שֶׁ֔קֶר וְלֹ֥א לֶאֱמוּנָ֖ה גָּבְר֣וּ בָאָ֑רֶץ כִּי֩ מֵרָעָ֨ה אֶל־רָעָ֧ה ׀ יָצָ֛אוּ וְאֹתִ֥י לֹֽא־יָדָ֖עוּ נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃ס # verse = JER.9.2 1-2 וַֽיַּדְרְכ֤וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_9:2!1|MId=o240090020011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּדְרְכ֤וּ דָּרַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.have.bent|Ref=JER_9:2!1|MId=o240090020012|Strong=1869|Frame=AA:240090010081;A0:240090020031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JER_9:2!2|MId=o240090020021|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 4-5 לְשׁוֹנָם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 לְשׁוֹנ לָשׁוֹן NOUN _ Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=tongue|Ref=JER_9:2!3|MId=o240090020031|Strong=3956 5 ָם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JER_9:2!3|MId=o240090020032|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 6-7 קַשְׁתָּ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 קַשְׁתּ קֶשֶׁת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ Gloss=bow|Ref=JER_9:2!4|MId=o240090020041|Strong=7198 7 ָ֣ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JER_9:2!4|MId=o240090020042|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 8 שֶׁ֔קֶר שֶׁקֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 parataxis _ Gloss=of.falsehood|Ref=JER_9:2!5|MId=o240090020051|Strong=8267 9-10 וְלֹ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_9:2!6|MId=o240090020061|Strong=2050b 10 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 13 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JER_9:2!6|MId=o240090020062|Strong=3808|Type=negative 11-12 לֶאֱמוּנָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 לֶ לְ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_9:2!7|MId=o240090020071|Strong=3807a 12 אֱמוּנָ֖ה אֱמוּנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=faithfulness|Ref=JER_9:2!7|MId=o240090020072|Strong=0530 13 גָּבְר֣וּ גָּבַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.are.strong|Ref=JER_9:2!8|MId=o240090020081|Strong=1396|Frame=A0:240090010081;|Type=qatal 14-16 בָאָ֑רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בָ בְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JER_9:2!9|MId=o240090020091|Strong=0871a 15 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JER_9:2!9|MId=o240090020091ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 אָ֑רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=land|Ref=JER_9:2!9|MId=o240090020092|Strong=0776 17 כִּי֩ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 23 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JER_9:2!10|MId=o240090020101|Strong=3588 18-19 מֵרָעָ֨ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JER_9:2!11|MId=o240090020111|Strong=4480 19 רָעָ֨ה רָעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 23 obl _ Gloss=evil|Ref=JER_9:2!11|MId=o240090020112|Strong=7451b 20 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JER_9:2!12|MId=o240090020121|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 21 רָעָ֧ה רָעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 19 conj _ Gloss=evil|Ref=JER_9:2!13|MId=o240090020131|Strong=7451b 22 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 21 punct _ Ref=JER_9:2!13 23 יָצָ֛אוּ יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 advcl _ Gloss=they.have.gone.out|Ref=JER_9:2!14|MId=o240090020141|Strong=3318|Frame=A0:240090010081;|Type=qatal 24-26 וְאֹתִ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JER_9:2!15|MId=o240090020151|Strong=2050b 25 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JER_9:2!15|MId=o240090020152|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 26 ִ֥י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 28 obj _ Gloss=me|Ref=JER_9:2!15|MId=o240090020153|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 27 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 28 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JER_9:2!16|MId=o240090020161|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 28 יָדָ֖עוּ יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.know|Ref=JER_9:2!17|MId=o240090020171|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:240090010081;A1:240090020153;|Type=qatal 29 נְאֻם־ נְאֻם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 parataxis _ Gloss=the.utterance|Ref=JER_9:2!18|MId=o240090020181|Strong=5002|SpaceAfter=No 30 יְהוָֽה יהוה PROPN _ _ 29 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=JER_9:2!19|MId=o240090020191|Strong=3068|SpaceAfter=No 31 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 30 punct _ Ref=JER_9:2!19|SpaceAfter=No 32 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 30 punct _ Ref=JER_9:2!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּדְרְכוּ *they have bent* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | לְשׁוֹנ *tongue* | | | | | **not** גָּבְרוּ *they are strong* | qatal · qal | | | | | | יָצָאוּ *they have gone out* | qatal · qal | | | | | | **not** יָדָעוּ *they know* | qatal · qal | | ִי *me* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאַלִיפוּ יַת לִישַׁנְהוֹן פִתְגָמֵי שְׁקַר דָמַן אִינוּן כְּקַשְׁתָּא נְכִילָא וְלָא לְהֵימָנוּתָא תַּקִיפוּ בְאַרְעָא אֲרֵי מִבִּישְׁתָּא לְבִישְׁתָּא נְפָקוּ וּמֵידַע דְחַלְתִּי לָא אֲלִיפוּ אֲמַר יְיָ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And they bend their tongue, their bow of falsehood; and they are grown mighty in the land, but not for truth; for they proceed from evil to evil, and Me they know not, saith the LORD.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.269/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JER:231`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 9:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.9.1/) - next →: [Jeremiah 9:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.9.3/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/9/)