--- title: Joel 1:13 — Gird yourselves, and lament, ye priests, wail, ye ministers of the a… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Gird yourselves, and lament, ye priests, wail, ye ministers of the altar; come, lie all night in sackcloth, ye ministers of my God; for the meal-offering and the drink-offering is withholden from the house of your God. Who acts: you, ye. Joel 1:13 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.1.13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL/1/) / 1:13 # Joel 1:13 יוֹאֵל **Who acts:** you, ye · **What happens:** gird, lament, priest, wail, minister, come · **To what, where:** yourselves, sackcloth, meal offering, house This is Joel 1:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, ye — and what happens in the verse to yourselves, sackcloth, meal offering, house, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 4 chapters of Joel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. חִגְר֨וּ וְסִפְד֜וּ הַכֹּהֲנִ֗ים הֵילִ֙ילוּ֙ מְשָׁרְתֵ֣י מִזְבֵּ֔חַ בֹּ֚אוּ לִ֣ינוּ בַשַּׂקִּ֔ים מְשָׁרְתֵ֖י אֱלֹהָ֑י כִּ֥י נִמְנַ֛ע מִבֵּ֥ית אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם מִנְחָ֥ה וָנָֽסֶךְ׃ [Gird yourselves, and lament, ye priests, wail, ye ministers of the altar; come, lie all night in sackcloth, ye ministers of my God; for the meal-offering and the drink-offering is withholden from the house of your God.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOL.13/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOL:12 # text = חִגְר֨וּ וְסִפְד֜וּ הַכֹּהֲנִ֗ים הֵילִ֙ילוּ֙ מְשָׁרְתֵ֣י מִזְבֵּ֔חַ בֹּ֚אוּ לִ֣ינוּ בַשַּׂקִּ֔ים מְשָׁרְתֵ֖י אֱלֹהָ֑י כִּ֥י נִמְנַ֛ע מִבֵּ֥ית אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם מִנְחָ֥ה וָנָֽסֶךְ׃ # verse = JOL.1.13 1 חִגְר֨וּ חָגַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=gird.yourselves|Ref=JOL_1:13!1|MId=o290010130011|Strong=2296|Frame=A0:290010130032;|Type=imperative 2-3 וְסִפְד֜וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOL_1:13!2|MId=o290010130021|Strong=2050b 3 סִפְד֜וּ סָפַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 1 conj _ Gloss=lament|Ref=JOL_1:13!2|MId=o290010130022|Strong=5594|Frame=A0:290010130032;|Type=imperative 4-5 הַכֹּהֲנִ֗ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=O|Ref=JOL_1:13!3|MId=o290010130031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 כֹּהֲנִ֗ים כֹּהֵן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 parataxis _ Gloss=priests|Ref=JOL_1:13!3|MId=o290010130032|Strong=3548 6 הֵילִ֙ילוּ֙ יָלַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=2 1 parataxis _ Gloss=wail|Ref=JOL_1:13!4|MId=o290010130041|Strong=3213|Frame=A0:290010130051;|Type=imperative 7 מְשָׁרְתֵ֣י שָׁרַת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur 6 parataxis _ Gloss=O.[you.who].serve|Ref=JOL_1:13!5|MId=o290010130051|Strong=8334|Frame=A1:290010130061;|Type=participle_active 8 מִזְבֵּ֔חַ מִזְבֵּחַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=(of).[the].altar|Ref=JOL_1:13!6|MId=o290010130061|Strong=4196 9 בֹּ֚אוּ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 1 parataxis _ Gloss=come|Ref=JOL_1:13!7|MId=o290010130071|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:290010130101;|Type=imperative 10 לִ֣ינוּ לין VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 9 parataxis _ Gloss=spend.the.night|Ref=JOL_1:13!8|MId=o290010130081|Strong=3885a|Frame=A0:290010130101;|Type=imperative 11-13 בַשַּׂקִּ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JOL_1:13!9|MId=o290010130091|Strong=0871a 12 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JOL_1:13!9|MId=o290010130091ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 שַּׂקִּ֔ים שַׂק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 obl _ Gloss=sackcloth(s)|Ref=JOL_1:13!9|MId=o290010130092|Strong=8242 14 מְשָׁרְתֵ֖י שָׁרַת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur 9 parataxis _ Gloss=O.[you.who].serve|Ref=JOL_1:13!10|MId=o290010130101|Strong=8334|Frame=A1:290010130111;|Type=participle_active 15-16 אֱלֹהָ֑י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 אֱלֹה אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=God|Ref=JOL_1:13!11|MId=o290010130111|Strong=0430 16 ָ֑י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=(of).my|Ref=JOL_1:13!11|MId=o290010130112|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 17 כִּ֥י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 18 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JOL_1:13!12|MId=o290010130121|Strong=3588 18 נִמְנַ֛ע מָנַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 advcl _ Gloss=it.has.been.withheld|Ref=JOL_1:13!13|MId=o290010130131|Strong=4513|Frame=A1:290010130161;290010130172;|Type=qatal 19-20 מִבֵּ֥ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JOL_1:13!14|MId=o290010130141|Strong=4480 20 בֵּ֥ית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=the.house|Ref=JOL_1:13!14|MId=o290010130142|Strong=1004 21-22 אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 אֱלֹהֵי אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=your.God|Ref=JOL_1:13!15|MId=o290010130151|Strong=0430 22 כֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JOL_1:13!15|MId=o290010130152|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 23 מִנְחָ֥ה מִנְחָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ Gloss=grain.offering|Ref=JOL_1:13!16|MId=o290010130161|Strong=4503 24-25 וָנָֽסֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOL_1:13!17|MId=o290010130171|Strong=2050b 25 נָֽסֶךְ נֶסֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 conj _ Gloss=drink.offering|Ref=JOL_1:13!17|MId=o290010130172|Strong=5262 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=JOL_1:13!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: speech with no frame - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | חִגְרוּ *gird yourselves* | imperative · qal | כֹּהֲנִים *priests* | | | | | סִפְדוּ *lament* | imperative · qal | כֹּהֲנִים *priests* | | | | | הֵילִילוּ *wail* | imperative · hiphil | מְשָׁרְתֵי *O \[you who\] serve* | | | | | מְשָׁרְתֵי *O \[you who\] serve* | participle active · piel | | מִזְבֵּחַ *(of) \[the\] altar* | | | | בֹּאוּ *come* | imperative · qal | מְשָׁרְתֵי *O \[you who\] serve* | | | | | לִינוּ *spend the night* | imperative · qal | מְשָׁרְתֵי *O \[you who\] serve* | | | | | מְשָׁרְתֵי *O \[you who\] serve* | participle active · piel | | אֱלֹה *God* | | | | נִמְנַע *it has been withheld* | qatal · niphal | | מִנְחָה *grain offering* + נָֽסֶךְ *drink offering* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אֱסַרוּ וּסְפִידוּ כַהֲנַיָא אַיְלִילוּ דִמְשַׁמְשִׁין עַל מַדְבְּחָא עוּלוּ בִיתוּ בְּסַקַיָא דִמְשַׁמְשִׁין קֳדָם אֱלָהַי אֲרֵי אִתְמְנַע מִבֵּית מַקְדְשָׁא דֶאֱלָהָכוֹן קוּרְבְּנִין וְנִסְכִין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Gird yourselves, and lament, ye priests, wail, ye ministers of the altar; come, lie all night in sackcloth, ye ministers of my God; for the meal-offering and the drink-offering is withholden from the house of your God.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOL.13/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOL:12`. - ← previous: [Joel 1:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.1.12/) - next →: [Joel 1:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.1.14/) - ↑ back to [Joel 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL/1/)