--- title: Joel 2:13 — And rend your heart, and not your garments, and turn unto the LORD y… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And rend your heart, and not your garments, and turn unto the LORD your God; for He is gracious and compassionate, long-suffering, and abundant in mercy, and repenteth Him of the evil. Who acts: you, LORD. Joel 2:13 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.2.13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL/2/) / 2:13 # Joel 2:13 יוֹאֵל **Who acts:** you, LORD · **What happens:** rend, turn, be, repent · **To what, where:** heart, mercy, LORD This is Joel 2:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, LORD — and what happens in the verse to heart, mercy, LORD, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 4 chapters of Joel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְקִרְע֤וּ לְבַבְכֶם֙ וְאַל־בִּגְדֵיכֶ֔ם וְשׁ֖וּבוּ אֶל־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֑ם כִּֽי־חַנּ֤וּן וְרַחוּם֙ ה֔וּא אֶ֤רֶךְ אַפַּ֙יִם֙ וְרַב־חֶ֔סֶד וְנִחָ֖ם עַל־הָרָעָֽה׃ [And rend your heart, and not your garments, and turn unto the LORD your God; for He is gracious and compassionate, long-suffering, and abundant in mercy, and repenteth Him of the evil.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOL.33/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOL:32 # text = וְקִרְע֤וּ לְבַבְכֶם֙ וְאַל־בִּגְדֵיכֶ֔ם וְשׁ֖וּבוּ אֶל־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֑ם כִּֽי־חַנּ֤וּן וְרַחוּם֙ ה֔וּא אֶ֤רֶךְ אַפַּ֙יִם֙ וְרַב־חֶ֔סֶד וְנִחָ֖ם עַל־הָרָעָֽה׃ # verse = JOL.2.13 1-2 וְקִרְע֤וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOL_2:13!1|MId=o290020130011|Strong=2050b 2 קִרְע֤וּ קָרַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=tear|Ref=JOL_2:13!1|MId=o290020130012|Strong=7167|Frame=A0:290020010091;A1:290020130021;|Type=imperative 3-4 לְבַבְכֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 לְבַב לֵבָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=heart|Ref=JOL_2:13!2|MId=o290020130021|Strong=3824 4 ְכֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JOL_2:13!2|MId=o290020130022|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 5-6 וְאַל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOL_2:13!3|MId=o290020130031|Strong=2050b 6 אַל־ אַל ADV _ _ 2 conj _ Gloss=not|Ref=JOL_2:13!3|MId=o290020130032|Strong=0408|Type=negative 7-8 בִּגְדֵיכֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 בִּגְדֵי בֶּגֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 obj _ Gloss=garments|Ref=JOL_2:13!4|MId=o290020130041|Strong=0899 8 כֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JOL_2:13!4|MId=o290020130042|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 9-10 וְשׁ֖וּבוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOL_2:13!5|MId=o290020130051|Strong=2050b 10 שׁ֖וּבוּ שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=return|Ref=JOL_2:13!5|MId=o290020130052|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:290020010091;|Type=imperative 11 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOL_2:13!6|MId=o290020130061|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 12 יְהוָ֣ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 10 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JOL_2:13!7|MId=o290020130071|Strong=3068 13-14 אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 אֱלֹֽהֵי אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=JOL_2:13!8|MId=o290020130081|Strong=0430 14 כֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JOL_2:13!8|MId=o290020130082|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 15 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 16 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JOL_2:13!9|MId=o290020130091|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 16 חַנּ֤וּן חַנּוּן ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 advcl _ Gloss=[is].gracious|Ref=JOL_2:13!10|MId=o290020130101|Strong=2587|Type=adjective 17-18 וְרַחוּם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOL_2:13!11|MId=o290020130111|Strong=2050b 18 רַחוּם֙ רַחוּם ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 amod _ Gloss=compassionate|Ref=JOL_2:13!11|MId=o290020130112|Strong=7349|Type=adjective 19 ה֔וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=JOL_2:13!12|MId=o290020130121|Strong=1931|Type=personal 20 אֶ֤רֶךְ אָרֵךְ ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 parataxis _ Gloss=[he.is].long|Ref=JOL_2:13!13|MId=o290020130131|Strong=0750|Type=adjective 21 אַפַּ֙יִם֙ אַף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Dual 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.anger(s)|Ref=JOL_2:13!14|MId=o290020130141|Strong=0639 22-23 וְרַב־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOL_2:13!15|MId=o290020130151|Strong=2050b 23 רַב־ רַב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 conj _ Gloss=great|Ref=JOL_2:13!15|MId=o290020130152|Strong=7227|Type=adjective 24 חֶ֔סֶד חֶסֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.covenant.loyalty|Ref=JOL_2:13!16|MId=o290020130161|Strong=2617 25-26 וְנִחָ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOL_2:13!17|MId=o290020130171|Strong=2050b 26 נִחָ֖ם נָחַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=[he.is].relenting|Ref=JOL_2:13!17|MId=o290020130172|Strong=5162|Frame=A0:290020130071;|Type=participle_active 27 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JOL_2:13!18|MId=o290020130181|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 28-29 הָרָעָֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 29 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JOL_2:13!19|MId=o290020130191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 רָעָֽה רָעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 26 obl _ Gloss=harm|Ref=JOL_2:13!19|MId=o290020130192|Strong=7451b 30 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=JOL_2:13!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** קִרְעוּ *tear* | imperative · qal | | לְבַב *heart* | | | | שׁוּבוּ *return* | imperative · qal | | | | | | נִחָם *\[he is\] relenting* | participle active · niphal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאַעְדוֹ רְשַׁע לִבְּכוֹן וְלָא בְּבִיזוּעַ לְבוּשֵׁיכוֹן וְתוּבוּ לְפוּלְחָנָא דַייָ אֱלָהָכוֹן אֲרֵי חַנְנָא וְרַחֲמָנָא הוּא מַרְחֵיק רְגַז וּמַסְגֵי לְמֶעְבַּד טַבְוָן וּקְשׁוֹט וּמֵיתִיב מֵימְרֵיהּ מִלְאַיְתָאָה בִישָׁא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And rend your heart, and not your garments, and turn unto the LORD your God; for He is gracious and compassionate, long-suffering, and abundant in mercy, and repenteth Him of the evil.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOL.33/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOL:32`. - ← previous: [Joel 2:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.2.12/) - next →: [Joel 2:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.2.14/) - ↑ back to [Joel 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL/2/)