--- title: Joel 2:23 — Be glad then, ye children of Zion, and rejoice in the LORD your God;… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Be glad then, ye children of Zion, and rejoice in the LORD your God; for He giveth you the former rain in just measure, and He causeth to come down for you the rain, the former rain and the latter rain, at the first. Who acts: you, LORD. Joel 2:23 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.2.23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL/2/) / 2:23 # Joel 2:23 יוֹאֵל **Who acts:** you, LORD · **What happens:** be, rejoice, give, cause, come down · **To what, where:** former rain, you, measure, rain, first This is Joel 2:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, LORD — and what happens in the verse to former rain, you, measure, rain, first, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 4 chapters of Joel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּבְנֵ֣י צִיּ֗וֹן גִּ֤ילוּ וְשִׂמְחוּ֙ בַּיהוָ֣ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֔ם כִּֽי־נָתַ֥ן לָכֶ֛ם אֶת־הַמּוֹרֶ֖ה לִצְדָקָ֑ה וַיּ֣וֹרֶד לָכֶ֗ם גֶּ֛שֶׁם מוֹרֶ֥ה וּמַלְק֖וֹשׁ בָּרִאשֽׁוֹן׃ [Be glad then, ye children of Zion, and rejoice in the LORD your God; for He giveth you the former rain in just measure, and He causeth to come down for you the rain, the former rain and the latter rain, at the first.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOL.43/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOL:42 # text = וּבְנֵ֣י צִיּ֗וֹן גִּ֤ילוּ וְשִׂמְחוּ֙ בַּיהוָ֣ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֔ם כִּֽי־נָתַ֥ן לָכֶ֛ם אֶת־הַמּוֹרֶ֖ה לִצְדָקָ֑ה וַיּ֣וֹרֶד לָכֶ֗ם גֶּ֛שֶׁם מוֹרֶ֥ה וּמַלְק֖וֹשׁ בָּרִאשֽׁוֹן׃ # verse = JOL.2.23 1-2 וּבְנֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOL_2:23!1|MId=o290020230011|Strong=2050b 2 בְנֵ֣י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 dislocated _ Gloss=O.people|Ref=JOL_2:23!1|MId=o290020230012|Strong=1121 3 צִיּ֗וֹן צִיּוֹן PROPN _ _ 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Zion|Ref=JOL_2:23!2|MId=o290020230021|Strong=6726 4 גִּ֤ילוּ גִּיל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=be.glad|Ref=JOL_2:23!3|MId=o290020230031|Strong=1523|Frame=A0:290020230012;|Type=imperative 5-6 וְשִׂמְחוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOL_2:23!4|MId=o290020230041|Strong=2050b 6 שִׂמְחוּ֙ שָׂמַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 4 conj _ Gloss=rejoice|Ref=JOL_2:23!4|MId=o290020230042|Strong=8055|Frame=A0:290020230012;|Type=imperative 7-8 בַּיהוָ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JOL_2:23!5|MId=o290020230051|Strong=0871a 8 יהוָ֣ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 4 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JOL_2:23!5|MId=o290020230052|Strong=3068 9-10 אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 אֱלֹֽהֵי אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=JOL_2:23!6|MId=o290020230061|Strong=0430 10 כֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JOL_2:23!6|MId=o290020230062|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 11 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 12 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JOL_2:23!7|MId=o290020230071|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 12 נָתַ֥ן נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 advcl _ Gloss=he.has.given|Ref=JOL_2:23!8|MId=o290020230081|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:290020230052;A1:290020230112;|Type=qatal 13-14 לָכֶ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 ל לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOL_2:23!9|MId=o290020230091|Strong=3807a 14 ָכֶ֛ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 12 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=JOL_2:23!9|MId=o290020230092|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 15 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOL_2:23!10|MId=o290020230101|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 16-17 הַמּוֹרֶ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=the.early|Ref=JOL_2:23!11|MId=o290020230111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 מּוֹרֶ֖ה מוֹרֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obj _ Gloss=rain|Ref=JOL_2:23!11|MId=o290020230112|Strong=4175a 18-19 לִצְדָקָ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=JOL_2:23!12|MId=o290020230121|Strong=3807a 19 צְדָקָ֑ה צְדָקָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 12 obl _ Gloss=righteousness|Ref=JOL_2:23!12|MId=o290020230122|Strong=6666 20-21 וַיּ֣וֹרֶד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOL_2:23!13|MId=o290020230131|Strong=2050b 21 יּ֣וֹרֶד יָרַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he.has.sent.down|Ref=JOL_2:23!13|MId=o290020230132|Strong=3381|Frame=AA:290020230052;A0:290020230151;|Type=wayyiqtol 22-23 לָכֶ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 ל לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=JOL_2:23!14|MId=o290020230141|Strong=3807a 23 ָכֶ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 21 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=JOL_2:23!14|MId=o290020230142|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 24 גֶּ֛שֶׁם גֶּשֶׁם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 obj _ Gloss=rain|Ref=JOL_2:23!15|MId=o290020230151|Strong=1653 25 מוֹרֶ֥ה מוֹרֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 appos _ Gloss=early.rain|Ref=JOL_2:23!16|MId=o290020230161|Strong=4175a 26-27 וּמַלְק֖וֹשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOL_2:23!17|MId=o290020230171|Strong=2050b 27 מַלְק֖וֹשׁ מַלְקוֹשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 conj _ Gloss=spring.rain|Ref=JOL_2:23!17|MId=o290020230172|Strong=4456 28-30 בָּרִאשֽׁוֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JOL_2:23!18|MId=o290020230181|Strong=0871a 29 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 30 det _ Gloss=the.first|Ref=JOL_2:23!18|MId=o290020230181ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 30 רִאשֽׁוֹן רִאשׁוֹן ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 obl _ Gloss=[month]|Ref=JOL_2:23!18|MId=o290020230182|Strong=7223|Type=adjective 31 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 30 punct _ Ref=JOL_2:23!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | גִּילוּ *be glad* | imperative · qal | בְנֵי *O people* | | | | | שִׂמְחוּ *rejoice* | imperative · qal | בְנֵי *O people* | | | | | נָתַן *he has given* | qatal · qal | יהוָה *Yahweh* | מּוֹרֶה *rain* | | | | יּוֹרֶד *he has sent down* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | גֶּשֶׁם *rain* | | | יהוָה *Yahweh* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּבְנֵי צִיוֹן בִּיעוּ וַחֲדוּ בְּמֵימְרָא דַייָ אֱלָהָכוֹן אֲרֵי אֲתִיב לְכוֹן יַת מַלְפְכוֹן בִּזְכוּ וּמַחִית מְטַר בַּכִּיר בְּעִדָנֵיהּ וּלְקִישָׁא בְּיְרַח נִיסָן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Be glad then, ye children of Zion, and rejoice in the LORD your God; for He giveth you the former rain in just measure, and He causeth to come down for you the rain, the former rain and the latter rain, at the first.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOL.43/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOL:42`. - ← previous: [Joel 2:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.2.22/) - next →: [Joel 2:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.2.24/) - ↑ back to [Joel 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL/2/)