--- title: Joel 4:16 — And the LORD shall roar from Zion, and utter His voice from Jerusale… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the LORD shall roar from Zion, and utter His voice from Jerusalem, and the heavens and the earth shall shake; but the LORD will be a refuge unto His people, and a stronghold to the children of Israel. Who acts: LORD, heavens. Joel 4:16 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 191 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.4.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL/4/) / 4:16 # Joel 4:16 יוֹאֵל **Who acts:** LORD, heavens · **What happens:** roar, utter, shake, be · **To what, where:** Zion, voice, Jerusalem, refuge This is Joel 4:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, heavens — and what happens in the verse to Zion, voice, Jerusalem, refuge, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 4 chapters of Joel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיהוָ֞ה מִצִּיּ֣וֹן יִשְׁאָ֗ג וּמִירוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ יִתֵּ֣ן קוֹל֔וֹ וְרָעֲשׁ֖וּ שָׁמַ֣יִם וָאָ֑רֶץ וַֽיהוָה֙ מַֽחֲסֶ֣ה לְעַמּ֔וֹ וּמָע֖וֹז לִבְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ [And the LORD shall roar from Zion, and utter His voice from Jerusalem, and the heavens and the earth shall shake; but the LORD will be a refuge unto His people, and a stronghold to the children of Israel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOL.69/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOL:67 # text = וַיהוָ֞ה מִצִּיּ֣וֹן יִשְׁאָ֗ג וּמִירוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ יִתֵּ֣ן קוֹל֔וֹ וְרָעֲשׁ֖וּ שָׁמַ֣יִם וָאָ֑רֶץ וַֽיהוָה֙ מַֽחֲסֶ֣ה לְעַמּ֔וֹ וּמָע֖וֹז לִבְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ # verse = JOL.4.16 1-2 וַיהוָ֞ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOL_4:16!1|MId=o290040160011|Strong=2050b 2 יהוָ֞ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 5 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JOL_4:16!1|MId=o290040160012|Strong=3068 3-4 מִצִּיּ֣וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JOL_4:16!2|MId=o290040160021|Strong=4480 4 צִּיּ֣וֹן צִיּוֹן PROPN _ _ 5 obl _ Gloss=Zion|Ref=JOL_4:16!2|MId=o290040160022|Strong=6726 5 יִשְׁאָ֗ג שָׁאַג VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.will.roar|Ref=JOL_4:16!3|MId=o290040160031|Strong=7580|Frame=A0:290040160012;|Type=yiqtol 6-8 וּמִירוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOL_4:16!4|MId=o290040160041|Strong=2050b 7 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JOL_4:16!4|MId=o290040160042|Strong=4480 8 ירוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם PROPN _ _ 9 obl _ Gloss=Jerusalem|Ref=JOL_4:16!4|MId=o290040160043|Strong=3389 9 יִתֵּ֣ן נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 conj _ Gloss=he.will.give.forth|Ref=JOL_4:16!5|MId=o290040160051|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:290040160012;A1:290040160061;|Type=yiqtol 10-11 קוֹל֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 קוֹל קוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obj _ Gloss=voice|Ref=JOL_4:16!6|MId=o290040160061|Strong=6963 11 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JOL_4:16!6|MId=o290040160062|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 12-13 וְרָעֲשׁ֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOL_4:16!7|MId=o290040160071|Strong=2050b 13 רָעֲשׁ֖וּ רָעַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 5 conj _ Gloss=they.will.shake|Ref=JOL_4:16!7|MId=o290040160072|Strong=7493|Frame=A0:290040160081;290040160092;|Type=weqatal 14 שָׁמַ֣יִם שָׁמַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 13 nsubj _ Gloss=heaven|Ref=JOL_4:16!8|MId=o290040160081|Strong=8064 15-16 וָאָ֑רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOL_4:16!9|MId=o290040160091|Strong=2050b 16 אָ֑רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 14 conj _ Gloss=earth|Ref=JOL_4:16!9|MId=o290040160092|Strong=0776 17-18 וַֽיהוָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOL_4:16!10|MId=o290040160101|Strong=2050b 18 יהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 19 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JOL_4:16!10|MId=o290040160102|Strong=3068 19 מַֽחֲסֶ֣ה מַחְסֶּה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 conj _ Gloss=[will.be].a.refuge|Ref=JOL_4:16!11|MId=o290040160111|Strong=4268 20-22 לְעַמּ֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=JOL_4:16!12|MId=o290040160121|Strong=3807a 21 עַמּ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 obl _ Gloss=people|Ref=JOL_4:16!12|MId=o290040160122|Strong=5971 22 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JOL_4:16!12|MId=o290040160123|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 23-24 וּמָע֖וֹז _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOL_4:16!13|MId=o290040160131|Strong=2050b 24 מָע֖וֹז מָעוֹז NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 conj _ Gloss=a.stronghold|Ref=JOL_4:16!13|MId=o290040160132|Strong=4581 25-26 לִבְנֵ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=JOL_4:16!14|MId=o290040160141|Strong=3807a 26 בְנֵ֥י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 24 obl _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=JOL_4:16!14|MId=o290040160142|Strong=1121 27 יִשְׂרָאֵֽל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=JOL_4:16!15|MId=o290040160151|Strong=3478|SpaceAfter=No 28 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 27 punct _ Ref=JOL_4:16!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִשְׁאָג *he will roar* | yiqtol · qal | יהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | יִתֵּן *he will give forth* | yiqtol · qal | יהוָה *Yahweh* | קוֹל *voice* | | | | רָעֲשׁוּ *they will shake* | weqatal · qal | שָׁמַיִם *heaven* + אָרֶץ *earth* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַיָי מִצִיוֹן יִכְלֵי וּמִירוּשְׁלֵם יָרִים מֵימְרֵיהּ וִיזוּעוּן שְׁמַיָא וְאַרְעָא וַייָ סְמַךְ לְעַמֵיהּ וְסָעֵיד לִבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the LORD shall roar from Zion, and utter His voice from Jerusalem, and the heavens and the earth shall shake; but the LORD will be a refuge unto His people, and a stronghold to the children of Israel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOL.69/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOL:67`. - ← previous: [Joel 4:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.4.15/) - next →: [Joel 4:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.4.17/) - ↑ back to [Joel 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL/4/)