--- title: Joel 4:4 — And also what are ye to Me, O Tyre, and Zidon, and all the regions o… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And also what are ye to Me, O Tyre, and Zidon, and all the regions of Philistia? will ye render retribution on My behalf? and if ye render retribution on My behalf, swiftly, speedily will I return your retribution upon your own head. Who acts: ye, I. Joel 4:4 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targ --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.4.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL/4/) / 4:4 # Joel 4:4 יוֹאֵל **Who acts:** ye, I · **What happens:** be, render, return · **To what, where:** Me, retribution, behalf This is Joel 4:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ye, I — and what happens in the verse to Me, retribution, behalf, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 4 chapters of Joel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְ֠גַם מָה־אַתֶּ֥ם לִי֙ צֹ֣ר וְצִיד֔וֹן וְכֹ֖ל גְּלִיל֣וֹת פְּלָ֑שֶׁת הַגְּמ֗וּל אַתֶּם֙ מְשַׁלְּמִ֣ים עָלָ֔י וְאִם־גֹּמְלִ֤ים אַתֶּם֙ עָלַ֔י קַ֣ל מְהֵרָ֔ה אָשִׁ֥יב גְּמֻלְכֶ֖ם בְּרֹאשְׁכֶֽם׃ [And also what are ye to Me, O Tyre, and Zidon, and all the regions of Philistia? will ye render retribution on My behalf? and if ye render retribution on My behalf, swiftly, speedily will I return your retribution upon your own head.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOL.56/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOL:55 # text = וְ֠גַם מָה־אַתֶּ֥ם לִי֙ צֹ֣ר וְצִיד֔וֹן וְכֹ֖ל גְּלִיל֣וֹת פְּלָ֑שֶׁת הַגְּמ֗וּל אַתֶּם֙ מְשַׁלְּמִ֣ים עָלָ֔י וְאִם־גֹּמְלִ֤ים אַתֶּם֙ עָלַ֔י קַ֣ל מְהֵרָ֔ה אָשִׁ֥יב גְּמֻלְכֶ֖ם בְּרֹאשְׁכֶֽם׃ # verse = JOL.4.4 1-2 וְ֠גַם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ֠ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOL_4:4!1|MId=o290040040011|Strong=2050b 2 גַם גַּם ADV _ _ 3 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=JOL_4:4!1|MId=o290040040012|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation 3 מָה־ מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 0 root _ Gloss=what?|Ref=JOL_4:4!2|MId=o290040040021|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative|SpaceAfter=No 4 אַתֶּ֥ם אַתֶּם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ Gloss=[are].you|Ref=JOL_4:4!3|MId=o290040040031|Strong=0859a|Type=personal 5-6 לִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 ל לְ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOL_4:4!4|MId=o290040040041|Strong=3807a 6 ִי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=JOL_4:4!4|MId=o290040040042|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 7 צֹ֣ר צֹר PROPN _ _ 3 parataxis _ Gloss=O.Tyre|Ref=JOL_4:4!5|MId=o290040040051|Strong=6865 8-9 וְצִיד֔וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOL_4:4!6|MId=o290040040061|Strong=2050b 9 צִיד֔וֹן צִידוֹן PROPN _ _ 7 conj _ Gloss=Sidon|Ref=JOL_4:4!6|MId=o290040040062|Strong=6721 10-11 וְכֹ֖ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOL_4:4!7|MId=o290040040071|Strong=2050b 11 כֹ֖ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JOL_4:4!7|MId=o290040040072|Strong=3605 12 גְּלִיל֣וֹת גְלִילָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.territories|Ref=JOL_4:4!8|MId=o290040040081|Strong=1552 13 פְּלָ֑שֶׁת פְּלֶשֶׁת PROPN _ _ 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Philistia|Ref=JOL_4:4!9|MId=o290040040091|Strong=6429 14-15 הַגְּמ֗וּל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הַ הַ PART _ _ 17 advmod _ Gloss=?|Ref=JOL_4:4!10|MId=o290040040101|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 15 גְּמ֗וּל גְּמוּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 obj _ Gloss=recompense|Ref=JOL_4:4!10|MId=o290040040102|Strong=1576 16 אַתֶּם֙ אַתֶּם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ Gloss=[are].you|Ref=JOL_4:4!11|MId=o290040040111|Strong=0859a|Type=personal 17 מְשַׁלְּמִ֣ים שָׁלֵם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur 3 parataxis _ Gloss=repaying|Ref=JOL_4:4!12|MId=o290040040121|Strong=7999|Frame=A1:290040040102;A0:290040040111;|Type=participle_active 18-19 עָלָ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 עָל עַל ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOL_4:4!13|MId=o290040040131|Strong=5921 19 ָ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 17 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=JOL_4:4!13|MId=o290040040132|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 20-21 וְאִם־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOL_4:4!14|MId=o290040040141|Strong=2050b 21 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 22 mark _ Gloss=or?|Ref=JOL_4:4!14|MId=o290040040142|Strong=0518 22 גֹּמְלִ֤ים גָּמַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 28 advcl _ Gloss=making.recompense|Ref=JOL_4:4!15|MId=o290040040151|Strong=1580|Frame=A0:290040040161;|Type=participle_active 23 אַתֶּם֙ אַתֶּם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ Gloss=[are].you|Ref=JOL_4:4!16|MId=o290040040161|Strong=0859a|Type=personal 24-25 עָלַ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 עָל עַל ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOL_4:4!17|MId=o290040040171|Strong=5921 25 ַ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 22 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=JOL_4:4!17|MId=o290040040172|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 26 קַ֣ל קַל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 advmod _ Gloss=swift|Ref=JOL_4:4!18|MId=o290040040181|Strong=7031|Type=adjective 27 מְהֵרָ֔ה מְהֵרָה ADV _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 26 advmod _ Gloss=quickly|Ref=JOL_4:4!19|MId=o290040040191|Strong=4120 28 אָשִׁ֥יב שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 3 conj _ Gloss=I.will.return|Ref=JOL_4:4!20|MId=o290040040201|Strong=7725|Frame=AA:290030050191;A0:290040040211;|Type=yiqtol 29-30 גְּמֻלְכֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 גְּמֻל גְּמוּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 obj _ Gloss=recompense|Ref=JOL_4:4!21|MId=o290040040211|Strong=1576 30 ְכֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JOL_4:4!21|MId=o290040040212|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 31-33 בְּרֹאשְׁכֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JOL_4:4!22|MId=o290040040221|Strong=0871a 32 רֹאשׁ רֹאשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 obl _ Gloss=head|Ref=JOL_4:4!22|MId=o290040040222|Strong=7218 33 ְכֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JOL_4:4!22|MId=o290040040223|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=JOL_4:4!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מְשַׁלְּמִים *repaying* | participle active · piel | אַתֶּם *\[are\] you* | גְּמוּל *recompense* | | | | גֹּמְלִים *making recompense* | participle active · qal | אַתֶּם *\[are\] you* | | | | | אָשִׁיב *I will return* | yiqtol · hiphil | גְּמֻל *recompense* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאַף מָא אַתּוּן חֲשִׁיבִין קֳדָמַי צוֹר וְצִידוֹן וְכֹל תְּחוּמֵי פְלִשְׁתָּאֵי הֲגַמְלָא אַתּוּן מְשַׁלְמִין קֳדָמַי וְאִם גָמְלִין אַתּוּן קֳדָמַי קַלִיל בִּפְרִיעַ אֲתֵיב גַמְלֵיכוֹן בְּרֵישֵׁיכוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And also what are ye to Me, O Tyre, and Zidon, and all the regions of Philistia? will ye render retribution on My behalf? and if ye render retribution on My behalf, swiftly, speedily will I return your retribution upon your own head.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOL.56/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOL:55`. - ← previous: [Joel 4:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.4.3/) - next →: [Joel 4:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.4.5/) - ↑ back to [Joel 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL/4/)