--- title: Jonah 1:14 — Wherefore they cried unto the LORD, and said: 'We beseech Thee, O LO… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Wherefore they cried unto the LORD, and said: 'We beseech Thee, O LORD, we beseech Thee, let us not perish for this man's life, and lay not upon us innocent blood; for Thou, O LORD, hast done as it pleased Thee.' Who acts: lots, We, us, Thou. Jonah 1:14 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jon --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON.1.14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jonah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON/1/) / 1:14 # Jonah 1:14 יוֹנָה **Who acts:** lots, We, us, Thou, blood · **What happens:** cry, say, beseech, let, not perish, not lay · **To what, where:** Thee, us, innocent blood · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Jonah 1:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — lots, We, us, Thou, blood — and what happens in the verse to Thee, us, innocent blood, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 4 chapters of Jonah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּקְרְא֨וּ אֶל־יְהוָ֜ה וַיֹּאמְר֗וּ אָנָּ֤ה יְהוָה֙ אַל־נָ֣א נֹאבְדָ֗ה בְּנֶ֙פֶשׁ֙ הָאִ֣ישׁ הַזֶּ֔ה וְאַל־תִּתֵּ֥ן עָלֵ֖ינוּ דָּ֣ם נָקִ֑יא כִּֽי־אַתָּ֣ה יְהוָ֔ה כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר חָפַ֖צְתָּ עָשִֽׂיתָ׃ [Wherefore they cried unto the LORD, and said: 'We beseech Thee, O LORD, we beseech Thee, let us not perish for this man's life, and lay not upon us innocent blood; for Thou, O LORD, hast done as it pleased Thee.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JON.14/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JON:13 # text = וַיִּקְרְא֨וּ אֶל־יְהוָ֜ה וַיֹּאמְר֗וּ אָנָּ֤ה יְהוָה֙ אַל־נָ֣א נֹאבְדָ֗ה בְּנֶ֙פֶשׁ֙ הָאִ֣ישׁ הַזֶּ֔ה וְאַל־תִּתֵּ֥ן עָלֵ֖ינוּ דָּ֣ם נָקִ֑יא כִּֽי־אַתָּ֣ה יְהוָ֔ה כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר חָפַ֖צְתָּ עָשִֽׂיתָ׃ # verse = JON.1.14 1-2 וַיִּקְרְא֨וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JON_1:14!1|MId=o320010140011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּקְרְא֨וּ קָרָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.called.out|Ref=JON_1:14!1|MId=o320010140012|Strong=7121|Frame=A0:320010130022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JON_1:14!2|MId=o320010140021|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 4 יְהוָ֜ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JON_1:14!3|MId=o320010140031|Strong=3068 5-6 וַיֹּאמְר֗וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JON_1:14!4|MId=o320010140041|Strong=2050b 6 יֹּאמְר֗וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.said|Ref=JON_1:14!4|MId=o320010140042|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:320010130022;|Type=wayyiqtol 7 אָנָּ֤ה אָנָּא INTJ _ _ 6 ccomp _ Gloss=please!|Ref=JON_1:14!5|MId=o320010140051|Strong=0577|Type=interjection 8 יְהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 7 parataxis _ Gloss=O.Yahweh|Ref=JON_1:14!6|MId=o320010140061|Strong=3068 9 אַל־ אַל ADV _ _ 11 advmod _ Gloss=do.not|Ref=JON_1:14!7|MId=o320010140071|Strong=0408|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 10 נָ֣א נָא INTJ _ _ 11 discourse _ Gloss=please|Ref=JON_1:14!8|MId=o320010140081|Strong=4994|Type=exhortation 11 נֹאבְדָ֗ה אָבַד VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 7 parataxis _ Gloss=let.us.perish|Ref=JON_1:14!9|MId=o320010140091|Strong=0006|Frame=A0:320010130022;|Type=cohortative 12-13 בְּנֶ֙פֶשׁ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=JON_1:14!10|MId=o320010140101|Strong=0871a 13 נֶ֙פֶשׁ֙ נֶפֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=the.life|Ref=JON_1:14!10|MId=o320010140102|Strong=5315 14-15 הָאִ֣ישׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JON_1:14!11|MId=o320010140111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 אִ֣ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.man|Ref=JON_1:14!11|MId=o320010140112|Strong=0376 16-17 הַזֶּ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JON_1:14!12|MId=o320010140121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 זֶּ֔ה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 15 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=JON_1:14!12|MId=o320010140122|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 18-19 וְאַל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JON_1:14!13|MId=o320010140131|Strong=2050b 19 אַל־ אַל ADV _ _ 20 advmod _ Gloss=do.not|Ref=JON_1:14!13|MId=o320010140132|Strong=0408|Type=negative 20 תִּתֵּ֥ן נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 11 conj _ Gloss=put|Ref=JON_1:14!14|MId=o320010140141|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:320010140061;A1:320010140161;|Type=jussive 21-22 עָלֵ֖ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 עָלֵ֖י עַל ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JON_1:14!15|MId=o320010140151|Strong=5921 22 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 20 obl _ Gloss=us|Ref=JON_1:14!15|MId=o320010140152|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 23 דָּ֣ם דָּם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 obj _ Gloss=blood|Ref=JON_1:14!16|MId=o320010140161|Strong=1818 24 נָקִ֑יא נָקִי ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 amod _ Gloss=innocent|Ref=JON_1:14!17|MId=o320010140171|Strong=5355|Type=adjective 25 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 27 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JON_1:14!18|MId=o320010140181|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 26 אַתָּ֣ה אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=JON_1:14!19|MId=o320010140191|Strong=0859|Type=personal 27 יְהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 7 parataxis _ Gloss=O.Yahweh|Ref=JON_1:14!20|MId=o320010140201|Strong=3068 28-29 כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 כַּ כְּ ADP _ _ 31 obl _ Gloss=just|Ref=JON_1:14!21|MId=o320010140211|Strong=3509a 29 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 30 mark _ Gloss=as|Ref=JON_1:14!21|MId=o320010140212|Strong=0834|Type=relative 30 חָפַ֖צְתָּ חָפֵץ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 28 acl:relcl _ Gloss=you.pleased|Ref=JON_1:14!22|MId=o320010140221|Strong=2654|Frame=A0:320010140201;|Type=qatal 31 עָשִֽׂיתָ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 27 parataxis _ Gloss=you.have.done|Ref=JON_1:14!23|MId=o320010140231|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:320010140191;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 32 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=JON_1:14!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּקְרְאוּ *they called out* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יֹּאמְרוּ *they said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | **not** נֹאבְדָה *let us perish* | cohortative · qal | | | | | | **not** תִּתֵּן *put* | jussive · qal | יְהוָה *O Yahweh* | דָּם *blood* | | | | חָפַצְתָּ *you pleased* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *O Yahweh* | | | | | עָשִֽׂיתָ *you have done* | qatal · qal | אַתָּה *you* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְצַלִיאוּ קֳדָם יְיָ וַאֲמָרוּ קַבֵּיל בְּעוּתָנָא יְיָ לָא כְעַן נֵיבַד בְּחוֹבַת נְפַשׁ דְגַבְרָא הָדֵין וְלָא תִתֵּן עֲלָנָא חוֹבַת דַם זַכַּאי אֲרֵי אַתְּ יְיָ כְּמָא דְרַעֲוָא קֳדָמָךְ עֲבַדְתָּא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Wherefore they cried unto the LORD, and said: 'We beseech Thee, O LORD, we beseech Thee, let us not perish for this man's life, and lay not upon us innocent blood; for Thou, O LORD, hast done as it pleased Thee.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JON.14/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JON:13`. - ← previous: [Jonah 1:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON.1.13/) - next →: [Jonah 1:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON.1.15/) - ↑ back to [Jonah 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON/1/)