--- title: Jonah 3:3 — So Jonah arose, and went unto Nineveh, according to the word of the… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: So Jonah arose, and went unto Nineveh, according to the word of the LORD. Now Nineveh was an exceeding great city, of three days' journey. Who acts: Jonah, Nineveh, three days. Jonah 3:3 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON.3.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jonah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON/3/) / 3:3 # Jonah 3:3 יוֹנָה **Who acts:** Jonah, Nineveh, three days · **What happens:** arise, go, accord, word, be, journey · **To what, where:** LORD, great city This is Jonah 3:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jonah, Nineveh, three days — and what happens in the verse to LORD, great city, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 4 chapters of Jonah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיָּ֣קָם יוֹנָ֗ה וַיֵּ֛לֶךְ אֶל־נִֽינְוֶ֖הכִּדְבַ֣ר יְהוָ֑ה וְנִֽינְוֵ֗ה הָיְתָ֤ה עִיר־גְּדוֹלָה֙ לֵֽאלֹהִ֔ים מַהֲלַ֖ךְ שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת יָמִֽים׃ [So Jonah arose, and went unto Nineveh, according to the word of the LORD.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JON.31/) [Now Nineveh was an exceeding great city, of three days' journey.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JON.32/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JON:29 # text = וַיָּ֣קָם יוֹנָ֗ה וַיֵּ֛לֶךְ אֶל־נִֽינְוֶ֖הכִּדְבַ֣ר יְהוָ֑ה וְנִֽינְוֵ֗ה הָיְתָ֤ה עִיר־גְּדוֹלָה֙ לֵֽאלֹהִ֔ים מַהֲלַ֖ךְ שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת יָמִֽים׃ # verse = JON.3.3 1-2 וַיָּ֣קָם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JON_3:3!1|MId=o320030030011|Strong=2050b 2 יָּ֣קָם קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.arose|Ref=JON_3:3!1|MId=o320030030012|Strong=6965|Frame=A0:320030030021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יוֹנָ֗ה יוֹנָה PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Jonah|Ref=JON_3:3!2|MId=o320030030021|Strong=3124 4-5 וַיֵּ֛לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JON_3:3!3|MId=o320030030031|Strong=2050b 5 יֵּ֛לֶךְ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.went|Ref=JON_3:3!3|MId=o320030030032|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:320030030021;|Type=wayyiqtol 6 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JON_3:3!4|MId=o320030030041|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 7-9 נִֽינְוֶ֖הכִּדְבַ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 נִֽינְוֶ֖ה נִינְוֵה PROPN _ _ 5 obl _ Gloss=Nineveh|Ref=JON_3:3!5|MId=o320030030051|Strong=5210 8 כִּ כְּ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=according|Ref=JON_3:3!6|MId=o320030030061|Strong=3509a 9 דְבַ֣ר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 obl _ Gloss=to.the.word|Ref=JON_3:3!6|MId=o320030030062|Strong=1697 10 יְהוָ֑ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=JON_3:3!7|MId=o320030030071|Strong=3068 11-12 וְנִֽינְוֵ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JON_3:3!8|MId=o320030030081|Strong=2050b 12 נִֽינְוֵ֗ה נִינְוֵה PROPN _ _ 14 nsubj _ Gloss=Nineveh|Ref=JON_3:3!8|MId=o320030030082|Strong=5210 13 הָיְתָ֤ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 14 cop _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=JON_3:3!9|MId=o320030030091|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:320030030082;|Type=qatal 14 עִיר־ עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=a.city|Ref=JON_3:3!10|MId=o320030030101|Strong=5892|SpaceAfter=No 15 גְּדוֹלָה֙ גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 14 amod _ Gloss=great|Ref=JON_3:3!11|MId=o320030030111|Strong=1419|Type=adjective 16-17 לֵֽאלֹהִ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 לֵֽ לְ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JON_3:3!12|MId=o320030030121|Strong=3807a 17 אלֹהִ֔ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 14 nmod _ Gloss=God|Ref=JON_3:3!12|MId=o320030030122|Strong=0430 18 מַהֲלַ֖ךְ מַהֲלָךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 appos _ Gloss=a.journey|Ref=JON_3:3!13|MId=o320030030131|Strong=4109 19 שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת שָׁלֹשׁ NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 nummod _ Gloss=of.three|Ref=JON_3:3!14|MId=o320030030141|Strong=7969|Type=cardinal_number 20 יָמִֽים יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=days|Ref=JON_3:3!15|MId=o320030030151|Strong=3117|SpaceAfter=No 21 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 20 punct _ Ref=JON_3:3!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּקָם *he arose* | wayyiqtol · qal | יוֹנָה *Jonah* | | | | | יֵּלֶךְ *he went* | wayyiqtol · qal | יוֹנָה *Jonah* | | | | | הָיְתָה *it was* | qatal · qal | נִֽינְוֵה *Nineveh* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְקָם יוֹנָה וַאֲזַל לְנִינְוֵה כְּפִתְגָמָא דַייָ וְנִינְוֵה הֲוַת קַרְתָּא רַבְּתָא קֳדָם יְיָ מַהֲלַךְ תְּלָתָא יוֹמִין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [So Jonah arose, and went unto Nineveh, according to the word of the LORD.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JON.31/) 2. [Now Nineveh was an exceeding great city, of three days' journey.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JON.32/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JON:29`. - ← previous: [Jonah 3:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON.3.2/) - next →: [Jonah 3:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON.3.4/) - ↑ back to [Jonah 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON/3/)