--- title: Jonah 4:6 — And the LORD God prepared a gourd, and made it to come up over Jonah… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the LORD God prepared a gourd, and made it to come up over Jonah, that it might be a shadow over his head, to deliver him from his evil. So Jonah was exceeding glad because of the gourd. Who acts: LORD God, gourd, Jonah. Jonah 4:6 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON.4.6/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jonah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON/4/) / 4:6 # Jonah 4:6 יוֹנָה **Who acts:** LORD God, gourd, Jonah · **What happens:** prepare, make, come up, be, deliver · **To what, where:** gourd, Jonah, shadow, head, evil This is Jonah 4:6 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD God, gourd, Jonah — and what happens in the verse to gourd, Jonah, shadow, head, evil, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 4 chapters of Jonah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְמַ֣ן יְהוָֽה־אֱ֠לֹהִים קִיקָי֞וֹן וַיַּ֣עַל ׀ מֵעַ֣ל לְיוֹנָ֗ה לִֽהְי֥וֹת צֵל֙ עַל־רֹאשׁ֔וֹ לְהַצִּ֥יל ל֖וֹ מֵרָֽעָת֑וֹ וַיִּשְׂמַ֥ח יוֹנָ֛ה עַל־הַקִּֽיקָי֖וֹן שִׂמְחָ֥ה גְדוֹלָֽה׃ [And the LORD God prepared a gourd, and made it to come up over Jonah, that it might be a shadow over his head, to deliver him from his evil.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JON.46/) [So Jonah was exceeding glad because of the gourd.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JON.47/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JON:42 # text = וַיְמַ֣ן יְהוָֽה־אֱ֠לֹהִים קִיקָי֞וֹן וַיַּ֣עַל ׀ מֵעַ֣ל לְיוֹנָ֗ה לִֽהְי֥וֹת צֵל֙ עַל־רֹאשׁ֔וֹ לְהַצִּ֥יל ל֖וֹ מֵרָֽעָת֑וֹ וַיִּשְׂמַ֥ח יוֹנָ֛ה עַל־הַקִּֽיקָי֖וֹן שִׂמְחָ֥ה גְדוֹלָֽה׃ # verse = JON.4.6 1-2 וַיְמַ֣ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JON_4:6!1|MId=o320040060011|Strong=2050b 2 יְמַ֣ן מָנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.appointed|Ref=JON_4:6!1|MId=o320040060012|Strong=4487|Frame=A0:320040060021;A1:320040060041;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יְהוָֽה־ יהוה PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JON_4:6!2|MId=o320040060021|Strong=3068|SpaceAfter=No 4 אֱ֠לֹהִים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=JON_4:6!3|MId=o320040060031|Strong=0430 5 קִיקָי֞וֹן קִיקָיוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=a.plant|Ref=JON_4:6!4|MId=o320040060041|Strong=7021 6-7 וַיַּ֣עַל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JON_4:6!5|MId=o320040060051|Strong=2050b 7 יַּ֣עַל עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.went.up|Ref=JON_4:6!5|MId=o320040060052|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:320040060021;A1:320040060041;|Type=wayyiqtol 8 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 7 punct _ Ref=JON_4:6!5 9-10 מֵעַ֣ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=(from)|Ref=JON_4:6!6|MId=o320040060061|Strong=4480 10 עַ֣ל עַל ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=over|Ref=JON_4:6!6|MId=o320040060062|Strong=5921 11-12 לְיוֹנָ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=JON_4:6!7|MId=o320040060071|Strong=3807a 12 יוֹנָ֗ה יוֹנָה PROPN _ _ 7 obl _ Gloss=Jonah|Ref=JON_4:6!7|MId=o320040060072|Strong=3124 13-14 לִֽהְי֥וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 לִֽ לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JON_4:6!8|MId=o320040060081|Strong=3807a 14 הְי֥וֹת הָיָה AUX _ HebBinyan=QAL 15 cop _ Gloss=be|Ref=JON_4:6!8|MId=o320040060082|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:320040060041;|Type=infinitive_construct 15 צֵל֙ צֵל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obl _ Gloss=shade|Ref=JON_4:6!9|MId=o320040060091|Strong=6738 16 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=over|Ref=JON_4:6!10|MId=o320040060101|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 17-18 רֹאשׁ֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 רֹאשׁ רֹאשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=head|Ref=JON_4:6!11|MId=o320040060111|Strong=7218 18 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JON_4:6!11|MId=o320040060112|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 19-20 לְהַצִּ֥יל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JON_4:6!12|MId=o320040060121|Strong=3807a 20 הַצִּ֥יל נָצַל VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 15 advcl _ Gloss=deliver|Ref=JON_4:6!12|MId=o320040060122|Strong=5337|Frame=A0:320040060021;|Type=infinitive_construct 21-22 ל֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 ל לְ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=JON_4:6!13|MId=o320040060131|Strong=3807a 22 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=JON_4:6!13|MId=o320040060132|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 23-25 מֵרָֽעָת֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JON_4:6!14|MId=o320040060141|Strong=4480 24 רָֽעָת רָעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 20 obl _ Gloss=distress|Ref=JON_4:6!14|MId=o320040060142|Strong=7451b 25 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JON_4:6!14|MId=o320040060143|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 26-27 וַיִּשְׂמַ֥ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JON_4:6!15|MId=o320040060151|Strong=2050b 27 יִּשְׂמַ֥ח שָׂמַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.rejoiced|Ref=JON_4:6!15|MId=o320040060152|Strong=8055|Frame=A0:320040060161;|Type=wayyiqtol 28 יוֹנָ֛ה יוֹנָה PROPN _ _ 27 nsubj _ Gloss=Jonah|Ref=JON_4:6!16|MId=o320040060161|Strong=3124 29 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JON_4:6!17|MId=o320040060171|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 30-31 הַקִּֽיקָי֖וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 31 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JON_4:6!18|MId=o320040060181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 31 קִּֽיקָי֖וֹן קִיקָיוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 obl _ Gloss=plant|Ref=JON_4:6!18|MId=o320040060182|Strong=7021 32 שִׂמְחָ֥ה שִׂמְחָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 27 obl _ Gloss=a.joy|Ref=JON_4:6!19|MId=o320040060191|Strong=8057 33 גְדוֹלָֽה גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 32 amod _ Gloss=great|Ref=JON_4:6!20|MId=o320040060201|Strong=1419|Type=adjective|SpaceAfter=No 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=JON_4:6!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יְמַן *he appointed* | wayyiqtol · piel | יְהוָֽה־ *Yahweh* | קִיקָיוֹן *a plant* | | | | יַּעַל *it went up* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוָֽה־ *Yahweh* | קִיקָיוֹן *a plant* | | | | הְיוֹת *be* | infinitive construct · qal | קִיקָיוֹן *a plant* | | | | | הַצִּיל *deliver* | infinitive construct · hiphil | יְהוָֽה־ *Yahweh* | | | | | יִּשְׂמַח *he rejoiced* | wayyiqtol · qal | יוֹנָה *Jonah* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְזַמֵין יְיָ אֱלֹהִים קִיקָיוֹן וּסְלִיק עֵיל מִן יוֹנָה לְמֶהֱוֵי טוּלָא עַל רֵישֵׁיהּ לַאַגָנָא לֵיהּ מִבִּישְׁתֵּיהּ וַחֲדֵי יוֹנָה עַל קִיקָיוֹן חֶדְוָא רַבָּא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the LORD God prepared a gourd, and made it to come up over Jonah, that it might be a shadow over his head, to deliver him from his evil.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JON.46/) 2. [So Jonah was exceeding glad because of the gourd.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JON.47/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JON:42`. - ← previous: [Jonah 4:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON.4.5/) - next →: [Jonah 4:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON.4.7/) - ↑ back to [Jonah 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON/4/)