--- title: Joshua 1:14 — Your wives, your little ones, and your cattle, shall abide in the la… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Your wives, your little ones, and your cattle, shall abide in the land which Moses gave you beyond the Jordan; but ye shall pass over before your brethren armed, all the mighty men of valour, and shall help them; Who acts: wives, Moses, ye. Joshua 1:14 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jona --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.1.14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/1/) / 1:14 # Joshua 1:14 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** wives, Moses, ye · **What happens:** abide, give, pass over, help · **To what, where:** land, you, brethren, wives This is Joshua 1:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — wives, Moses, ye — and what happens in the verse to land, you, brethren, wives, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. נְשֵׁיכֶ֣ם טַפְּכֶם֮ וּמִקְנֵיכֶם֒ יֵשְׁב֕וּ בָּאָ֕רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֨ר נָתַ֥ן לָכֶ֛ם מֹשֶׁ֖ה בְּעֵ֣בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן וְאַתֶּם֩ תַּעַבְר֨וּ חֲמֻשִׁ֜ים לִפְנֵ֣י אֲחֵיכֶ֗ם כֹּ֚ל גִּבּוֹרֵ֣י הַחַ֔יִל וַעֲזַרְתֶּ֖ם אוֹתָֽם׃ [Your wives, your little ones, and your cattle, shall abide in the land which Moses gave you beyond the Jordan; but ye shall pass over before your brethren armed, all the mighty men of valour, and shall help them;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.14/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:13 # text = נְשֵׁיכֶ֣ם טַפְּכֶם֮ וּמִקְנֵיכֶם֒ יֵשְׁב֕וּ בָּאָ֕רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֨ר נָתַ֥ן לָכֶ֛ם מֹשֶׁ֖ה בְּעֵ֣בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן וְאַתֶּם֩ תַּעַבְר֨וּ חֲמֻשִׁ֜ים לִפְנֵ֣י אֲחֵיכֶ֗ם כֹּ֚ל גִּבּוֹרֵ֣י הַחַ֔יִל וַעֲזַרְתֶּ֖ם אוֹתָֽם׃ # verse = JOS.1.14 1-2 נְשֵׁיכֶ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 נְשֵׁי אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ Gloss=wives|Ref=JOS_1:14!1|MId=o060010140011|Strong=0802 2 כֶ֣ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 1 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JOS_1:14!1|MId=o060010140012|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 3-4 טַפְּכֶם֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 טַפּ טַף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 conj _ Gloss=one[s]|Ref=JOS_1:14!2|MId=o060010140021|Strong=2945 4 ְכֶם֮ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your.little|Ref=JOS_1:14!2|MId=o060010140022|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 5-7 וּמִקְנֵיכֶם֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_1:14!3|MId=o060010140031|Strong=2050b 6 מִקְנֵי מִקְנֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 conj _ Gloss=livestock|Ref=JOS_1:14!3|MId=o060010140032|Strong=4735 7 כֶם֒ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JOS_1:14!3|MId=o060010140033|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 8 יֵשְׁב֕וּ יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.will.remain|Ref=JOS_1:14!4|MId=o060010140041|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:060010140011;060010140021;060010140032;|Type=yiqtol 9-11 בָּאָ֕רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JOS_1:14!5|MId=o060010140051|Strong=0871a 10 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_1:14!5|MId=o060010140051ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 אָ֕רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 8 obl _ Gloss=land|Ref=JOS_1:14!5|MId=o060010140052|Strong=0776 12 אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 13 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JOS_1:14!6|MId=o060010140061|Strong=0834|Type=relative 13 נָתַ֥ן נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 11 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.gave|Ref=JOS_1:14!7|MId=o060010140071|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:060010140091;A1:060010140053;|Type=qatal 14-15 לָכֶ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 ל לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_1:14!8|MId=o060010140081|Strong=3807a 15 ָכֶ֛ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 13 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=JOS_1:14!8|MId=o060010140082|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 16 מֹשֶׁ֖ה מֹשֶׁה PROPN _ _ 13 nsubj _ Gloss=Moses|Ref=JOS_1:14!9|MId=o060010140091|Strong=4872 17-18 בְּעֵ֣בֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JOS_1:14!10|MId=o060010140101|Strong=0871a 18 עֵ֣בֶר עֵבֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=the.other.side|Ref=JOS_1:14!10|MId=o060010140102|Strong=5676 19-20 הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JOS_1:14!11|MId=o060010140111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 יַּרְדֵּ֑ן יַרְדֵּן PROPN _ _ 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.Jordan|Ref=JOS_1:14!11|MId=o060010140112|Strong=3383 21-22 וְאַתֶּם֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_1:14!12|MId=o060010140121|Strong=2050b 22 אַתֶּם֩ אַתֶּם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=JOS_1:14!12|MId=o060010140122|Strong=0859a|Type=personal 23 תַּעַבְר֨וּ עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 8 conj _ Gloss=you.will.pass.over|Ref=JOS_1:14!13|MId=o060010140131|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:060010140122;|Type=yiqtol 24 חֲמֻשִׁ֜ים חמשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 23 obl:npmod _ Gloss=arrayed.for.battle|Ref=JOS_1:14!14|MId=o060010140141|Strong=2571|Frame=A1:060010120014;060010120024;060010120033;|Type=participle_passive 25-26 לִפְנֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=JOS_1:14!15|MId=o060010140151|Strong=3807a 26 פְנֵ֣י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 23 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_1:14!15|MId=o060010140152|Strong=6440 27-28 אֲחֵיכֶ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 אֲחֵי אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=brothers|Ref=JOS_1:14!16|MId=o060010140161|Strong=0251 28 כֶ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JOS_1:14!16|MId=o060010140162|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 29 כֹּ֚ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 parataxis _ Gloss=all|Ref=JOS_1:14!17|MId=o060010140171|Strong=3605 30 גִּבּוֹרֵ֣י גִּבּוֹר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 29 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.mighty.[men]|Ref=JOS_1:14!18|MId=o060010140181|Strong=1368|Type=adjective 31-32 הַחַ֔יִל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 32 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=JOS_1:14!19|MId=o060010140191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 32 חַ֔יִל חַיִל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 compound:smixut _ Gloss=strength|Ref=JOS_1:14!19|MId=o060010140192|Strong=2428 33-34 וַעֲזַרְתֶּ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 34 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_1:14!20|MId=o060010140201|Strong=2050b 34 עֲזַרְתֶּ֖ם עָזַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 8 conj _ Gloss=you.will.help|Ref=JOS_1:14!20|MId=o060010140202|Strong=5826|Frame=A0:060010140181;A1:060010140212;|Type=weqatal 35-36 אוֹתָֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 אוֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_1:14!21|MId=o060010140211|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 36 ָֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=JOS_1:14!21|MId=o060010140212|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=JOS_1:14!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: speech with no frame - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֵשְׁבוּ *they will remain* | yiqtol · qal | נְשֵׁי *wives* + טַפּ *one\[s\]* + מִקְנֵי *livestock* | | | | | נָתַן *he gave* | qatal · qal | מֹשֶׁה *Moses* | | | | | תַּעַבְרוּ *you will pass over* | yiqtol · qal | אַתֶּם *you* | | | | | חֲמֻשִׁים *arrayed for battle* | participle passive · qal | | | | | | עֲזַרְתֶּם *you will help* | weqatal · qal | גִּבּוֹרֵי *the mighty \[men\]* | ָֽם *them* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} נְשֵׁיכוֹן טַפְלֵיכוֹן וּבְעִירְכוֹן יֵתְבוּן בְּאַרְעָא דִיהַב לְכוֹן מֹשֶׁה בְּעִבְרָא דְיַרְדְנָא וְאַתּוּן תְעָבְרוּן מְזָרְזִין קֳדָם אֲחוּכוֹן כֹּל גִבָּרֵי חֵילָא וּתְסַעֲדוּן יַתְהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Your wives, your little ones, and your cattle, shall abide in the land which Moses gave you beyond the Jordan; but ye shall pass over before your brethren armed, all the mighty men of valour, and shall help them;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.14/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:13`. - ← previous: [Joshua 1:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.1.13/) - next →: [Joshua 1:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.1.15/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/1/)