--- title: Joshua 11:13 — But as for the cities that stood on their mounds, Israel burned none… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: But as for the cities that stood on their mounds, Israel burned none of them, save Hazor only — that did Joshua burn. Who acts: cities, Israel, Joshua. Joshua 11:13 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.11.13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/11/) / 11:13 # Joshua 11:13 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** cities, Israel, Joshua · **What happens:** stand, burn · **To what, where:** mounds, none, that This is Joshua 11:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — cities, Israel, Joshua — and what happens in the verse to mounds, none, that, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. רַ֣ק כָּל־הֶעָרִ֗ים הָעֹֽמְדוֹת֙ עַל־תִּלָּ֔ם לֹ֥א שְׂרָפָ֖ם יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל זוּלָתִ֛י אֶת־חָצ֥וֹר לְבַדָּ֖הּ שָׂרַ֥ף יְהוֹשֻֽׁעַ׃ [But as for the cities that stood on their mounds, Israel burned none of them, save Hazor only — that did Joshua burn.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.278/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:268 # text = רַ֣ק כָּל־הֶעָרִ֗ים הָעֹֽמְדוֹת֙ עַל־תִּלָּ֔ם לֹ֥א שְׂרָפָ֖ם יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל זוּלָתִ֛י אֶת־חָצ֥וֹר לְבַדָּ֖הּ שָׂרַ֥ף יְהוֹשֻֽׁעַ׃ # verse = JOS.11.13 1 רַ֣ק רַק ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=only|Ref=JOS_11:13!1|MId=o060110130011|Strong=7535|Type=affirmation 2 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 dislocated _ Gloss=all|Ref=JOS_11:13!2|MId=o060110130021|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 3-4 הֶעָרִ֗ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הֶ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_11:13!3|MId=o060110130031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 עָרִ֗ים עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=cities|Ref=JOS_11:13!3|MId=o060110130032|Strong=5892 5-6 הָעֹֽמְדוֹת֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הָ הַ SCONJ _ _ 6 mark _ Gloss=[which|Ref=JOS_11:13!4|MId=o060110130041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 עֹֽמְדוֹת֙ עָמַד VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 2 acl:relcl _ Gloss=were].standing|Ref=JOS_11:13!4|MId=o060110130042|Strong=5975|Frame=A0:060110130032;|Type=participle_active 7 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JOS_11:13!5|MId=o060110130051|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 8-9 תִּלָּ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 תִּלּ תֵּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=mounds|Ref=JOS_11:13!6|MId=o060110130061|Strong=8510 9 ָ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JOS_11:13!6|MId=o060110130062|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 10 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 11 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JOS_11:13!7|MId=o060110130071|Strong=3808|Type=negative 11-12 שְׂרָפָ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 שְׂרָפ שָׂרַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it|Ref=JOS_11:13!8|MId=o060110130081|Strong=8313|Frame=A1:060110130082;A0:060110130091;|Type=qatal 12 ָ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 obj _ Gloss=burned.them|Ref=JOS_11:13!8|MId=o060110130082|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 13 יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 11 nsubj _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=JOS_11:13!9|MId=o060110130091|Strong=3478 14 זוּלָתִ֛י זוּלָה ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=except|Ref=JOS_11:13!10|MId=o060110130101|Strong=2108 15 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_11:13!11|MId=o060110130111|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 16 חָצ֥וֹר חָצוֹר PROPN _ _ 20 obj _ Gloss=Hazor|Ref=JOS_11:13!12|MId=o060110130121|Strong=2674 17-19 לְבַדָּ֖הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=it|Ref=JOS_11:13!13|MId=o060110130131|Strong=3807a 18 בַדּ בַּד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 nmod _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_11:13!13|MId=o060110130132|Strong=0905 19 ָ֖הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=alone|Ref=JOS_11:13!13|MId=o060110130133|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 20 שָׂרַ֥ף שָׂרַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 11 parataxis _ Gloss=he.burned|Ref=JOS_11:13!14|MId=o060110130141|Strong=8313|Frame=A1:060110130121;A0:060110130151;|Type=qatal 21 יְהוֹשֻֽׁעַ יְהֹושֻׁעַ PROPN _ _ 20 nsubj _ Gloss=Joshua|Ref=JOS_11:13!15|MId=o060110130151|Strong=3091|SpaceAfter=No 22 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 21 punct _ Ref=JOS_11:13!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עֹֽמְדוֹת *were\] standing* | participle active · qal | עָרִים *cities* | | | | | **not** שְׂרָפ *it* | qatal · qal | יִשְׂרָאֵל *Israel* | ָם *burned them* | | | | שָׂרַף *he burned* | qatal · qal | יְהוֹשֻֽׁעַ *Joshua* | חָצוֹר *Hazor* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} לְחוֹד כָּל קִרְוַיָא דְקַיְמִין עַל תּוּקְפֵיהוֹן לָא אוֹקְדִינוּן יִשְׂרָאֵל אֱלָהֵין יַת חָצוֹר בִּלְחוֹדָהּ אוֹקֵיד יְהוֹשֻׁעַ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [But as for the cities that stood on their mounds, Israel burned none of them, save Hazor only — that did Joshua burn.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.278/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:268`. - ← previous: [Joshua 11:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.11.12/) - next →: [Joshua 11:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.11.14/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/11/)