--- title: Joshua 13:1 — Now Joshua was old and well stricken in years; and the LORD said unt… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Now Joshua was old and well stricken in years; and the LORD said unto him: 'Thou art old and well stricken in years, and there remaineth yet very much land to be possessed. Who acts: Joshua, LORD, Thou, much land. Joshua 13:1 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the prag --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.13.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/13/) / 13:1 # Joshua 13:1 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** Joshua, LORD, Thou, much land · **What happens:** be, say, remain, possess · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Joshua 13:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joshua, LORD, Thou, much land — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וִיהוֹשֻׁ֣עַ זָקֵ֔ן בָּ֖א בַּיָּמִ֑ים וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֵלָ֗יו אַתָּ֤ה זָקַ֙נְתָּה֙ בָּ֣אתָ בַיָּמִ֔ים וְהָאָ֛רֶץ נִשְׁאֲרָ֥ה הַרְבֵּֽה־מְאֹ֖ד לְרִשְׁתָּֽהּ׃ [Now Joshua was old and well stricken in years; and the LORD said unto him: 'Thou art old and well stricken in years, and there remaineth yet very much land to be possessed.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.315/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:303 # text = וִיהוֹשֻׁ֣עַ זָקֵ֔ן בָּ֖א בַּיָּמִ֑ים וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֵלָ֗יו אַתָּ֤ה זָקַ֙נְתָּה֙ בָּ֣אתָ בַיָּמִ֔ים וְהָאָ֛רֶץ נִשְׁאֲרָ֥ה הַרְבֵּֽה־מְאֹ֖ד לְרִשְׁתָּֽהּ׃ # verse = JOS.13.1 1-2 וִיהוֹשֻׁ֣עַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וִ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_13:1!1|MId=o060130010011|Strong=2050b 2 יהוֹשֻׁ֣עַ יְהֹושֻׁעַ PROPN _ _ 3 nsubj _ Gloss=Joshua|Ref=JOS_13:1!1|MId=o060130010012|Strong=3091 3 זָקֵ֔ן זָקֵן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.was.old|Ref=JOS_13:1!2|MId=o060130010021|Strong=2204|Frame=A0:060130010012;|Type=qatal 4 בָּ֖א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 parataxis _ Gloss=he.had.come|Ref=JOS_13:1!3|MId=o060130010031|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:060130010012;|Type=qatal 5-7 בַּיָּמִ֑ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JOS_13:1!4|MId=o060130010041|Strong=0871a 6 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JOS_13:1!4|MId=o060130010041ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 יָּמִ֑ים יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 obl _ Gloss=days|Ref=JOS_13:1!4|MId=o060130010042|Strong=3117 8-9 וַיֹּ֨אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_13:1!5|MId=o060130010051|Strong=2050b 9 יֹּ֨אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=JOS_13:1!5|MId=o060130010052|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:060130010061;|Type=wayyiqtol 10 יְהוָ֜ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 9 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JOS_13:1!6|MId=o060130010061|Strong=3068 11-12 אֵלָ֗יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 אֵלָ֗י אֶל ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_13:1!7|MId=o060130010071|Strong=0413 12 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=JOS_13:1!7|MId=o060130010072|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 13 אַתָּ֤ה אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=JOS_13:1!8|MId=o060130010081|Strong=0859|Type=personal 14 זָקַ֙נְתָּה֙ זָקֵן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 9 ccomp _ Gloss=you.are.old|Ref=JOS_13:1!9|MId=o060130010091|Strong=2204|Frame=A0:060130010081;|Type=qatal 15 בָּ֣אתָ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 14 parataxis _ Gloss=you.have.come|Ref=JOS_13:1!10|MId=o060130010101|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:060130010012;|Type=qatal 16-18 בַיָּמִ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JOS_13:1!11|MId=o060130010111|Strong=0871a 17 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JOS_13:1!11|MId=o060130010111ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 יָּמִ֔ים יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 obl _ Gloss=days|Ref=JOS_13:1!11|MId=o060130010112|Strong=3117 19-21 וְהָאָ֛רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_13:1!12|MId=o060130010121|Strong=2050b 20 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_13:1!12|MId=o060130010122|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 אָ֛רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ Gloss=land|Ref=JOS_13:1!12|MId=o060130010123|Strong=0776 22 נִשְׁאֲרָ֥ה שָׁאַר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 14 conj _ Gloss=it.remains|Ref=JOS_13:1!13|MId=o060130010131|Strong=7604|Frame=A1:060130010123;|Type=qatal 23 הַרְבֵּֽה־ רָבָה ADV _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 21 appos _ Gloss=much|Ref=JOS_13:1!14|MId=o060130010141|Strong=7235b|Type=infinitive_absolute|SpaceAfter=No 24 מְאֹ֖ד מְאֹד ADV _ _ 23 advmod _ Gloss=very|Ref=JOS_13:1!15|MId=o060130010151|Strong=3966 25-27 לְרִשְׁתָּֽהּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_13:1!16|MId=o060130010161|Strong=3807a 26 רִשְׁתּ יָרַשׁ VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 22 advcl _ Gloss=take|Ref=JOS_13:1!16|MId=o060130010162|Strong=3423|Frame=A0:060130010012;A1:060130010163;|Type=infinitive_construct 27 ָֽהּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obj _ Gloss=possession.of.it|Ref=JOS_13:1!16|MId=o060130010163|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 28 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 27 punct _ Ref=JOS_13:1!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | זָקֵן *he was old* | qatal · qal | יהוֹשֻׁעַ *Joshua* | | | | | בָּא *he had come* | qatal · qal | יהוֹשֻׁעַ *Joshua* | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | זָקַנְתָּה *you are old* | qatal · qal | אַתָּה *you* | | | | | בָּאתָ *you have come* | qatal · qal | יהוֹשֻׁעַ *Joshua* | | | | | נִשְׁאֲרָה *it remains* | qatal · niphal | | אָרֶץ *land* | | | | רִשְׁתּ *take* | infinitive construct · qal | יהוֹשֻׁעַ *Joshua* | ָֽהּ *possession of it* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וִיהוֹשֻׁעַ סִיב עָל בְּיוֹמִין וַאֲמַר יְיָ לֵיהּ אַתְּ סַבְתָּא עַלְתָא בְיוֹמִין וְאַרְעָא אִשְׁתָּאֲרַת סַגִיאָה לַחֲדָא לִמֵירְתָהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Now Joshua was old and well stricken in years; and the LORD said unto him: 'Thou art old and well stricken in years, and there remaineth yet very much land to be possessed.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.315/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:303`. - ← previous: [Joshua 12:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.12.24/) - next →: [Joshua 13:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.13.2/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/13/)