--- title: Joshua 14:10 — And now, behold, the LORD hath kept me alive, as He spoke, these for… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And now, behold, the LORD hath kept me alive, as He spoke, these forty and five years, from the time that the LORD spoke this word unto Moses, while Israel walked in the wilderness; and now, lo, I am this day fourscore and five years old. Who acts: LORD, Israel, I. Joshua 14:10 in Hebrew with its de --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.14.10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/14/) / 14:10 # Joshua 14:10 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** LORD, Israel, I · **What happens:** keep, speak, walk, be · **To what, where:** me, word, wilderness · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Joshua 14:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, Israel, I — and what happens in the verse to me, word, wilderness, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְעַתָּ֗ה הִנֵּה֩ הֶחֱיָ֨ה יְהוָ֣ה ׀ אוֹתִי֮ כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר דִּבֵּר֒ זֶה֩ אַרְבָּעִ֨ים וְחָמֵ֜שׁ שָׁנָ֗ה מֵ֠אָז דִּבֶּ֨ר יְהוָ֜ה אֶת־הַדָּבָ֤ר הַזֶּה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־הָלַ֥ךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר וְעַתָּה֙ הִנֵּ֣ה אָנֹכִ֣י הַיּ֔וֹם בֶּן־חָמֵ֥שׁ וּשְׁמוֹנִ֖ים שָׁנָֽה׃ [And now, behold, the LORD hath kept me alive, as He spoke, these forty and five years, from the time that the LORD spoke this word unto Moses, while Israel walked in the wilderness; and now, lo, I am this day fourscore and five years old.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.358/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:345 # text = וְעַתָּ֗ה הִנֵּה֩ הֶחֱיָ֨ה יְהוָ֣ה ׀ אוֹתִי֮ כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר דִּבֵּר֒ זֶה֩ אַרְבָּעִ֨ים וְחָמֵ֜שׁ שָׁנָ֗ה מֵ֠אָז דִּבֶּ֨ר יְהוָ֜ה אֶת־הַדָּבָ֤ר הַזֶּה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־הָלַ֥ךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר וְעַתָּה֙ הִנֵּ֣ה אָנֹכִ֣י הַיּ֔וֹם בֶּן־חָמֵ֥שׁ וּשְׁמוֹנִ֖ים שָׁנָֽה׃ # verse = JOS.14.10 1-2 וְעַתָּ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_14:10!1|MId=o060140100011|Strong=2050b 2 עַתָּ֗ה עַתָּה ADV _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=now|Ref=JOS_14:10!1|MId=o060140100012|Strong=6258 3 הִנֵּה֩ הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 19 discourse _ Gloss=here!|Ref=JOS_14:10!2|MId=o060140100021|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 4 הֶחֱיָ֨ה חָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 19 parataxis _ Gloss=he.has.let.live|Ref=JOS_14:10!3|MId=o060140100031|Strong=2421|Frame=AA:060140100041;A0:060140100052;|Type=qatal 5 יְהוָ֣ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 4 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JOS_14:10!4|MId=o060140100041|Strong=3068 6 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 5 punct _ Ref=JOS_14:10!4 7-8 אוֹתִי֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 אוֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_14:10!5|MId=o060140100051|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 8 ִי֮ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 obj _ Gloss=me|Ref=JOS_14:10!5|MId=o060140100052|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 9-10 כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 כַּ כְּ ADP _ _ 4 obl _ Gloss=just|Ref=JOS_14:10!6|MId=o060140100061|Strong=3509a 10 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 11 mark _ Gloss=as|Ref=JOS_14:10!6|MId=o060140100062|Strong=0834|Type=relative 11 דִּבֵּר֒ דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.spoke|Ref=JOS_14:10!7|MId=o060140100071|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:060140100041;|Type=qatal 12 זֶה֩ זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 16 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=JOS_14:10!8|MId=o060140100081|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 13 אַרְבָּעִ֨ים אַרְבַּע NUM _ Number=Plur 16 nummod _ Gloss=forty|Ref=JOS_14:10!9|MId=o060140100091|Strong=0705|Type=cardinal_number 14-15 וְחָמֵ֜שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_14:10!10|MId=o060140100101|Strong=2050b 15 חָמֵ֜שׁ חָמֵשׁ NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 13 conj _ Gloss=five|Ref=JOS_14:10!10|MId=o060140100102|Strong=2568|Type=cardinal_number 16 שָׁנָ֗ה שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 obl _ Gloss=year[s]|Ref=JOS_14:10!11|MId=o060140100111|Strong=8141 17-18 מֵ֠אָז _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 מֵ֠ מִן ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JOS_14:10!12|MId=o060140100121|Strong=4480 18 אָז אָז ADV _ _ 19 nmod _ Gloss=then|Ref=JOS_14:10!12|MId=o060140100122|Strong=0227 19 דִּבֶּ֨ר דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=he.spoke|Ref=JOS_14:10!13|MId=o060140100131|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:060140100141;A1:060140100162;|Type=qatal 20 יְהוָ֜ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 19 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JOS_14:10!14|MId=o060140100141|Strong=3068 21 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_14:10!15|MId=o060140100151|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 22-23 הַדָּבָ֤ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_14:10!16|MId=o060140100161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 דָּבָ֤ר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 obj _ Gloss=word|Ref=JOS_14:10!16|MId=o060140100162|Strong=1697 24-25 הַזֶּה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JOS_14:10!17|MId=o060140100171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 זֶּה֙ זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 23 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=JOS_14:10!17|MId=o060140100172|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 26 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_14:10!18|MId=o060140100181|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 27 מֹשֶׁ֔ה מֹשֶׁה PROPN _ _ 19 obl _ Gloss=Moses|Ref=JOS_14:10!19|MId=o060140100191|Strong=4872 28 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 29 mark _ Gloss=when|Ref=JOS_14:10!20|MId=o060140100201|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 29 הָלַ֥ךְ הָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 19 ccomp _ Gloss=it.walked|Ref=JOS_14:10!21|MId=o060140100211|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:060140100221;|Type=qatal 30 יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 29 nsubj _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=JOS_14:10!22|MId=o060140100221|Strong=3478 31-33 בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JOS_14:10!23|MId=o060140100231|Strong=0871a 32 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 33 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_14:10!23|MId=o060140100231ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 33 מִּדְבָּ֑ר מִדְבָּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 obl _ Gloss=wilderness|Ref=JOS_14:10!23|MId=o060140100232|Strong=4057 34-35 וְעַתָּה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 35 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_14:10!24|MId=o060140100241|Strong=2050b 35 עַתָּה֙ עַתָּה ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=now|Ref=JOS_14:10!24|MId=o060140100242|Strong=6258 36 הִנֵּ֣ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 40 discourse _ Gloss=here!|Ref=JOS_14:10!25|MId=o060140100251|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 37 אָנֹכִ֣י אָנֹכִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 40 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=JOS_14:10!26|MId=o060140100261|Strong=0595|Type=personal 38-39 הַיּ֔וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 39 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=JOS_14:10!27|MId=o060140100271|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 39 יּ֔וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 40 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=JOS_14:10!27|MId=o060140100272|Strong=3117 40 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 parataxis _ Gloss=[am].a.son|Ref=JOS_14:10!28|MId=o060140100281|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 41 חָמֵ֥שׁ חָמֵשׁ NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 44 nummod _ Gloss=of.five|Ref=JOS_14:10!29|MId=o060140100291|Strong=2568|Type=cardinal_number 42-43 וּשְׁמוֹנִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 43 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_14:10!30|MId=o060140100301|Strong=2050b 43 שְׁמוֹנִ֖ים שְׁמֹנֶה NUM _ Number=Plur 41 conj _ Gloss=eighty|Ref=JOS_14:10!30|MId=o060140100302|Strong=8084|Type=cardinal_number 44 שָׁנָֽה שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 40 compound:smixut _ Gloss=year[s]|Ref=JOS_14:10!31|MId=o060140100311|Strong=8141|SpaceAfter=No 45 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 44 punct _ Ref=JOS_14:10!31 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הֶחֱיָה *he has let live* | qatal · hiphil | ִי *me* | | | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | דִּבֵּר *he spoke* | qatal · piel | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | דִּבֶּר *he spoke* | qatal · piel | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | דָּבָר *word* | | | | הָלַךְ *it walked* | qatal · qal | יִשְׂרָאֵל *Israel* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּכְעַן הָא קַיֵים יְיָ יָתִי כְּמָא דִי מַלֵיל דְנַן אַרְבְּעִין וַחֲמֵשׁ שְׁנִין מֵעִידָן דְמַלֵיל יְיָ יַת פִּתְגָמָא הָדֵין עִם מֹשֶׁה דַאֲזַל יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּמַדְבְּרָא וּכְעַן הָא אַנָא יוֹמָא דֵין בַּר תַּמְנָן וְחָמֵשׁ שְׁנִין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And now, behold, the LORD hath kept me alive, as He spoke, these forty and five years, from the time that the LORD spoke this word unto Moses, while Israel walked in the wilderness; and now, lo, I am this day fourscore and five years old.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.358/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:345`. - ← previous: [Joshua 14:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.14.9/) - next →: [Joshua 14:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.14.11/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/14/)