--- title: Joshua 14:7 — Forty years old was I when Moses the servant of the LORD sent me fro… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Forty years old was I when Moses the servant of the LORD sent me from Kadesh-barnea to spy out the land; and I brought him back word as it was in my heart. Who acts: I, Moses, land. Joshua 14:7 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.14.7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/14/) / 14:7 # Joshua 14:7 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** I, Moses, land · **What happens:** be, send, spy out, bring back · **To what, where:** me, Kadesh barnea, land, word, Moses, heart This is Joshua 14:7 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, Moses, land — and what happens in the verse to me, Kadesh barnea, land, word, Moses, heart, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. בֶּן־אַרְבָּעִ֨ים שָׁנָ֜ה אָנֹכִ֗י בִּ֠שְׁלֹחַ מֹשֶׁ֨ה עֶֽבֶד־יְהוָ֥ה אֹתִ֛י מִקָּדֵ֥שׁ בַּרְנֵ֖עַ קָּדֵ֥שׁ בַּרְנֵ֖עַ לְרַגֵּ֣ל אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ וָאָשֵׁ֤ב אֹתוֹ֙ דָּבָ֔ר כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר עִם־לְבָבִֽי׃ [Forty years old was I when Moses the servant of the LORD sent me from Kadesh-barnea to spy out the land; and I brought him back word as it was in my heart.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.355/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:342 # text = בֶּן־אַרְבָּעִ֨ים שָׁנָ֜ה אָנֹכִ֗י בִּ֠שְׁלֹחַ מֹשֶׁ֨ה עֶֽבֶד־יְהוָ֥ה אֹתִ֛י מִקָּדֵ֥שׁ בַּרְנֵ֖עַ קָּדֵ֥שׁ בַּרְנֵ֖עַ לְרַגֵּ֣ל אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ וָאָשֵׁ֤ב אֹתוֹ֙ דָּבָ֔ר כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר עִם־לְבָבִֽי׃ # verse = JOS.14.7 1 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=[was].a.son|Ref=JOS_14:7!1|MId=o060140070011|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 2 אַרְבָּעִ֨ים אַרְבַּע NUM _ Number=Plur 3 nummod _ Gloss=of.forty|Ref=JOS_14:7!2|MId=o060140070021|Strong=0705|Type=cardinal_number 3 שָׁנָ֜ה שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 1 compound:smixut _ Gloss=year[s]|Ref=JOS_14:7!3|MId=o060140070031|Strong=8141 4 אָנֹכִ֗י אָנֹכִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 1 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=JOS_14:7!4|MId=o060140070041|Strong=0595|Type=personal 5-6 בִּ֠שְׁלֹחַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 בִּ֠ בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=JOS_14:7!5|MId=o060140070051|Strong=0871a 6 שְׁלֹחַ שָׁלַח VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 1 advcl _ Gloss=sent|Ref=JOS_14:7!5|MId=o060140070052|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:060140070061;A1:060140070092;|Type=infinitive_construct 7 מֹשֶׁ֨ה מֹשֶׁה PROPN _ _ 6 nsubj _ Gloss=Moses|Ref=JOS_14:7!6|MId=o060140070061|Strong=4872 8 עֶֽבֶד־ עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 appos _ Gloss=the.servant|Ref=JOS_14:7!7|MId=o060140070071|Strong=5650|SpaceAfter=No 9 יְהוָ֥ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=JOS_14:7!8|MId=o060140070081|Strong=3068 10-11 אֹתִ֛י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_14:7!9|MId=o060140070091|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 11 ִ֛י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 6 obj _ Gloss=me|Ref=JOS_14:7!9|MId=o060140070092|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 12-13 מִקָּדֵ֥שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JOS_14:7!10|MId=o060140070101|Strong=4480 13 קָּדֵ֥שׁ קָדֵשׁ PROPN _ _ 6 obl _ Gloss=Kadesh|Ref=JOS_14:7!10|MId=o060140070102 14 בַּרְנֵ֖עַ בַּרְנֵעַ PROPN _ _ 13 flat:name _ Ref=JOS_14:7!10 15 קָּדֵ֥שׁ קָדֵשׁ PROPN _ _ 13 nmod _ Gloss=Barnea|Ref=JOS_14:7!11|MId=o060140070111 16 בַּרְנֵ֖עַ בַּרְנֵעַ PROPN _ _ 15 flat:name _ Ref=JOS_14:7!11 17-18 לְרַגֵּ֣ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_14:7!12|MId=o060140070121|Strong=3807a 18 רַגֵּ֣ל רָגַל VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 6 advcl _ Gloss=spy.out|Ref=JOS_14:7!12|MId=o060140070122|Strong=7270|Frame=A0:060140060091;A1:060140070132;|Type=infinitive_construct 19 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_14:7!13|MId=o060140070131|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 20-21 הָאָ֑רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_14:7!14|MId=o060140070141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 אָ֑רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 18 obj _ Gloss=land|Ref=JOS_14:7!14|MId=o060140070142|Strong=0776 22-23 וָאָשֵׁ֤ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_14:7!15|MId=o060140070151|Strong=2050b 23 אָשֵׁ֤ב שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 1 conj _ Gloss=I.brought.back|Ref=JOS_14:7!15|MId=o060140070152|Strong=7725|Frame=AA:060140060091;A0:060140070152;A1:060140070161;|Type=wayyiqtol 24-25 אֹתוֹ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_14:7!16|MId=o060140070161|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 25 וֹ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 obj _ Gloss=him|Ref=JOS_14:7!16|MId=o060140070162|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 26 דָּבָ֔ר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 xcomp _ Gloss=a.word|Ref=JOS_14:7!17|MId=o060140070171|Strong=1697 27-28 כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 כַּ כְּ ADP _ _ 23 obl _ Gloss=just|Ref=JOS_14:7!18|MId=o060140070181|Strong=3509a 28 אֲשֶׁ֖ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 30 mark _ Gloss=as|Ref=JOS_14:7!18|MId=o060140070182|Strong=0834|Type=relative 29 עִם־ עִם ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JOS_14:7!19|MId=o060140070191|Strong=5973|SpaceAfter=No 30-31 לְבָבִֽי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 לְבָב לֵבָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 acl:relcl _ Gloss=heart|Ref=JOS_14:7!20|MId=o060140070201|Strong=3824 31 ִֽי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=JOS_14:7!20|MId=o060140070202|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 32 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=JOS_14:7!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | שְׁלֹחַ *sent* | infinitive construct · qal | מֹשֶׁה *Moses* | ִי *me* | | | | רַגֵּל *spy out* | infinitive construct · piel | | | | | | אָשֵׁב *I brought back* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | אָשֵׁב *I brought back* | אֹת | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} בַּר אַרְבְּעִין שְׁנִין אֲנָא כַּד שְׁלַח מֹשֶׁה עַבְדָא דַייָ יָתִי מֵרְקַם גֵיאָה לַאֲלָלָא יַת אַרְעָא וַאֲתֵיבִית יָתֵיהּ פִתְגָמָא כְּמָא דַהֲוָה עִם לִבִּי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Forty years old was I when Moses the servant of the LORD sent me from Kadesh-barnea to spy out the land; and I brought him back word as it was in my heart.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.355/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:342`. - ← previous: [Joshua 14:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.14.6/) - next →: [Joshua 14:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.14.8/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/14/)