--- title: Joshua 15:2 — And their south border was from the uttermost part of the Salt Sea,… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And their south border was from the uttermost part of the Salt Sea, from the bay that looked southward. Who acts: south border, bay. Joshua 15:2 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.15.2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/15/) / 15:2 # Joshua 15:2 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** south border, bay · **What happens:** be, look · **To what, where:** uttermost part This is Joshua 15:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — south border, bay — and what happens in the verse to uttermost part, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְהִ֤י לָהֶם֙ גְּב֣וּל נֶ֔גֶב מִקְצֵ֖ה יָ֣ם הַמֶּ֑לַח מִן־הַלָּשֹׁ֖ן הַפֹּנֶ֥ה נֶֽגְבָּה׃ [And their south border was from the uttermost part of the Salt Sea, from the bay that looked southward.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.366/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:352 # text = וַיְהִ֤י לָהֶם֙ גְּב֣וּל נֶ֔גֶב מִקְצֵ֖ה יָ֣ם הַמֶּ֑לַח מִן־הַלָּשֹׁ֖ן הַפֹּנֶ֥ה נֶֽגְבָּה׃ # verse = JOS.15.2 1-2 וַיְהִ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_15:2!1|MId=o060150020011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִ֤י הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=JOS_15:2!1|MId=o060150020012|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:060150020031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 לָהֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 ל לְ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=JOS_15:2!2|MId=o060150020021|Strong=3807a 4 ָהֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=JOS_15:2!2|MId=o060150020022|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 5 גְּב֣וּל גְּבוּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=border|Ref=JOS_15:2!3|MId=o060150020031|Strong=1366 6 נֶ֔גֶב נֶגֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].south|Ref=JOS_15:2!4|MId=o060150020041|Strong=5045 7-8 מִקְצֵ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JOS_15:2!5|MId=o060150020051|Strong=4480 8 קְצֵ֖ה קָצֶה NOUN _ Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=the.end|Ref=JOS_15:2!5|MId=o060150020052|Strong=7097 9 יָ֣ם יָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.Sea|Ref=JOS_15:2!6|MId=o060150020061|Strong=3220 10-11 הַמֶּ֑לַח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=JOS_15:2!7|MId=o060150020071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 מֶּ֑לַח מֶלַח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Salt|Ref=JOS_15:2!7|MId=o060150020072|Strong=4417 12 מִן־ מִן ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JOS_15:2!8|MId=o060150020081|Strong=4480|SpaceAfter=No 13-14 הַלָּשֹׁ֖ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_15:2!9|MId=o060150020091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 לָּשֹׁ֖ן לָשׁוֹן NOUN _ Number=Sing 8 nmod _ Gloss=tongue|Ref=JOS_15:2!9|MId=o060150020092|Strong=3956 15-16 הַפֹּנֶ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 16 mark _ Gloss=[which]|Ref=JOS_15:2!10|MId=o060150020101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 פֹּנֶ֥ה פָּנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 14 acl:relcl _ Gloss=faces|Ref=JOS_15:2!10|MId=o060150020102|Strong=6437|Frame=A0:060150020092;|Type=participle_active 17-18 נֶֽגְבָּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 נֶֽגְבּ נֶגֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 obl _ Gloss=south|Ref=JOS_15:2!11|MId=o060150020111|Strong=5045 18 ָה ה X _ _ 17 nmod _ Gloss=to.[the]|Ref=JOS_15:2!11|MId=o060150020112|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 19 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 18 punct _ Ref=JOS_15:2!11 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יְהִי *it was* | wayyiqtol · qal | גְּבוּל *border* | | | | | פֹּנֶה *faces* | participle active · qal | לָּשֹׁן *tongue* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה לְהוֹן תְּחוּם דָרוֹמָא מִסְיָפֵי יַמָא דְמִלְחָא מִן כֵּיפָא דְמִתְפְּנֵי לְדָרוֹמָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And their south border was from the uttermost part of the Salt Sea, from the bay that looked southward.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.366/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:352`. - ← previous: [Joshua 15:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.15.1/) - next →: [Joshua 15:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.15.3/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/15/)