--- title: Joshua 15:7 — And the border went up to Debir from the valley of Achor, and so nor… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the border went up to Debir from the valley of Achor, and so northward, looking toward Gilgal, that is over against the ascent of Adummim, which is on the south side of the brook; and the border passed along to the waters of En-shemesh, and the goings out thereof were at En-rogel. Who acts: bord --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.15.7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/15/) / 15:7 # Joshua 15:7 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** border, Gilgal, ascent, goings · **What happens:** go up, look, be, pass along · **To what, where:** Debir, valley, south side, waters, En rogel This is Joshua 15:7 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — border, Gilgal, ascent, goings — and what happens in the verse to Debir, valley, south side, waters, En rogel, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְעָלָ֨ה הַגְּב֥וּל ׀ דְּבִרָה֮ מֵעֵ֣מֶק עָכוֹר֒ וְצָפ֜וֹנָה פֹּנֶ֣ה אֶל־הַגִּלְגָּ֗ל אֲשֶׁר־נֹ֙כַח֙ לְמַעֲלֵ֣ה אֲדֻמִּ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר מִנֶּ֖גֶב לַנָּ֑חַל וְעָבַ֤ר הַגְּבוּל֙ אֶל־מֵי־עֵ֣ינ שֶׁ֔מֶשׁ עֵ֣ינ שֶׁ֔מֶשׁ וְהָי֥וּ תֹצְאֹתָ֖יו אֶל־עֵ֥ינ רֹגֵֽל עֵ֥ינ רֹגֵֽל׃ [And the border went up to Debir from the valley of Achor, and so northward, looking toward Gilgal, that is over against the ascent of Adummim, which is on the south side of the brook; and the border passed along to the waters of En-shemesh, and the goings out thereof were at En-rogel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.372/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:357 # text = וְעָלָ֨ה הַגְּב֥וּל ׀ דְּבִרָה֮ מֵעֵ֣מֶק עָכוֹר֒ וְצָפ֜וֹנָה פֹּנֶ֣ה אֶל־הַגִּלְגָּ֗ל אֲשֶׁר־נֹ֙כַח֙ לְמַעֲלֵ֣ה אֲדֻמִּ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר מִנֶּ֖גֶב לַנָּ֑חַל וְעָבַ֤ר הַגְּבוּל֙ אֶל־מֵי־עֵ֣ינ שֶׁ֔מֶשׁ עֵ֣ינ שֶׁ֔מֶשׁ וְהָי֥וּ תֹצְאֹתָ֖יו אֶל־עֵ֥ינ רֹגֵֽל עֵ֥ינ רֹגֵֽל׃ # verse = JOS.15.7 1-2 וְעָלָ֨ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_15:7!1|MId=o060150070011|Strong=2050b 2 עָלָ֨ה עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.goes.up|Ref=JOS_15:7!1|MId=o060150070012|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:060150070022;|Type=qatal 3-4 הַגְּב֥וּל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_15:7!2|MId=o060150070021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 גְּב֥וּל גְּבוּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=border|Ref=JOS_15:7!2|MId=o060150070022|Strong=1366 5 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 4 punct _ Ref=JOS_15:7!2 6-7 דְּבִרָה֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 דְּבִר דְּבִר PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_15:7!3|MId=o060150070031|Strong=1688 7 ָה֮ ה X _ _ 6 nmod _ Gloss=Debir|Ref=JOS_15:7!3|MId=o060150070032|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 8-9 מֵעֵ֣מֶק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JOS_15:7!4|MId=o060150070041|Strong=4480 9 עֵ֣מֶק עֵמֶק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=the.valley|Ref=JOS_15:7!4|MId=o060150070042|Strong=6010 10 עָכוֹר֒ עָכוֹר PROPN _ _ 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Achor|Ref=JOS_15:7!5|MId=o060150070051|Strong=5911 11-13 וְצָפ֜וֹנָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_15:7!6|MId=o060150070061|Strong=2050b 12 צָפ֜וֹנ צָפוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 14 obl _ Gloss=northward|Ref=JOS_15:7!6|MId=o060150070062|Strong=6828 13 ָה ה X _ _ 12 nmod _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_15:7!6|MId=o060150070063|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 14 פֹּנֶ֣ה פָּנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=[it.is].turning|Ref=JOS_15:7!7|MId=o060150070071|Strong=6437|Frame=A0:060150070022;|Type=participle_active 15 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_15:7!8|MId=o060150070081|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 16-17 הַגִּלְגָּ֗ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JOS_15:7!9|MId=o060150070091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 גִּלְגָּ֗ל גִּלְגָּל PROPN _ _ 14 obl _ Gloss=Gilgal|Ref=JOS_15:7!9|MId=o060150070092|Strong=1537 18 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 19 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JOS_15:7!10|MId=o060150070101|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 19 נֹ֙כַח֙ נֹכַח NOUN _ _ 17 acl:relcl _ Gloss=[is].opposite|Ref=JOS_15:7!11|MId=o060150070111|Strong=5227 20-21 לְמַעֲלֵ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_15:7!12|MId=o060150070121|Strong=3807a 21 מַעֲלֵ֣ה מַעֲלֵה־אֲדֻמִּים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.ascent|Ref=JOS_15:7!12|MId=o060150070122|Strong=4608 22 אֲדֻמִּ֔ים אֲדֻמִּים PROPN _ _ 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Adummim|Ref=JOS_15:7!13|MId=o060150070131|Strong=0131 23 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 25 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JOS_15:7!14|MId=o060150070141|Strong=0834|Type=relative 24-25 מִנֶּ֖גֶב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=[is].from.[the]|Ref=JOS_15:7!15|MId=o060150070151|Strong=4480 25 נֶּ֖גֶב נֶגֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 acl:relcl _ Gloss=south|Ref=JOS_15:7!15|MId=o060150070152|Strong=5045 26-28 לַנָּ֑חַל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=JOS_15:7!16|MId=o060150070161|Strong=3807a 27 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_15:7!16|MId=o060150070161ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 נָּ֑חַל נַחַל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 nmod _ Gloss=wadi|Ref=JOS_15:7!16|MId=o060150070162|Strong=5158 29-30 וְעָבַ֤ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_15:7!17|MId=o060150070171|Strong=2050b 30 עָבַ֤ר עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.passes.on|Ref=JOS_15:7!17|MId=o060150070172|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:060150070182;|Type=qatal 31-32 הַגְּבוּל֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 32 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_15:7!18|MId=o060150070181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 32 גְּבוּל֙ גְּבוּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 nsubj _ Gloss=border|Ref=JOS_15:7!18|MId=o060150070182|Strong=1366 33 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_15:7!19|MId=o060150070191|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 34 מֵי־ מַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 30 obl _ Gloss=the.waters|Ref=JOS_15:7!20|MId=o060150070201|Strong=4325|SpaceAfter=No 35 עֵ֣ינ עֵין PROPN _ _ 34 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=JOS_15:7!21|MId=o060150070211 36 שֶׁ֔מֶשׁ שֶׁמֶשׁ PROPN _ _ 35 flat:name _ Ref=JOS_15:7!21 37 עֵ֣ינ עֵין PROPN _ _ 34 compound:smixut _ Gloss=En.Shemesh|Ref=JOS_15:7!22|MId=o060150070221 38 שֶׁ֔מֶשׁ שֶׁמֶשׁ PROPN _ _ 37 flat:name _ Ref=JOS_15:7!22 39-40 וְהָי֥וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 44 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_15:7!23|MId=o060150070231|Strong=2050b 40 הָי֥וּ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 44 cop _ Gloss=they.are|Ref=JOS_15:7!23|MId=o060150070232|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:060150070231;|Type=qatal 41-42 תֹצְאֹתָ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 41 תֹצְאֹתָ֖י תֹּוצָאֹות NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 44 nsubj _ Gloss=extremities|Ref=JOS_15:7!24|MId=o060150070241|Strong=8444 42 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 41 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=JOS_15:7!24|MId=o060150070242|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 43 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 44 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_15:7!25|MId=o060150070251|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 44 עֵ֥ינ עֵין PROPN _ _ 2 conj _ Gloss=En|Ref=JOS_15:7!26|MId=o060150070261 45 רֹגֵֽל רֹגֵל PROPN _ _ 44 flat:name _ Ref=JOS_15:7!26 46 עֵ֥ינ עֵין PROPN _ _ 44 nmod _ Gloss=Rogel|Ref=JOS_15:7!27|MId=o060150070271 47 רֹגֵֽל רֹגֵל PROPN _ _ 46 flat:name _ Ref=JOS_15:7!27|SpaceAfter=No 48 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 46 punct _ Ref=JOS_15:7!27 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עָלָה *it goes up* | qatal · qal | גְּבוּל *border* | | | | | פֹּנֶה *\[it is\] turning* | participle active · qal | גְּבוּל *border* | | | | | עָבַר *it passes on* | qatal · qal | גְּבוּל *border* | | | | | הָיוּ *they are* | qatal · qal | וְ *and* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְסָלֵק תְּחוּמָא לִדְבִיר מִמֵישַׁר עָכוֹר וְצִפּוּנָא מִתְפְּנֵי לְגִלְגָלָא דְלָקֳבֵיל מַסְקָנָא דַאֲדֻמִים דְמִדָרוֹם לְנַחֲלָא וְעָבַר תְּחוּמָא לְמֵי עֵין שֶׁמֶשׁ וַהֲוָן מַפְקָנוֹהִי לְעֵין קַצְרָה: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the border went up to Debir from the valley of Achor, and so northward, looking toward Gilgal, that is over against the ascent of Adummim, which is on the south side of the brook; and the border passed along to the waters of En-shemesh, and the goings out thereof were at En-rogel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.372/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:357`. - ← previous: [Joshua 15:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.15.6/) - next →: [Joshua 15:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.15.8/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/15/)