--- title: Joshua 18:4 — Appoint for you three men for each tribe; and I will send them, and… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Appoint for you three men for each tribe; and I will send them, and they shall arise, and walk through the land, and describe it according to their inheritance; and they shall come unto me. Who acts: you, I, men. Joshua 18:4 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragm --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.18.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/18/) / 18:4 # Joshua 18:4 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** you, I, men · **What happens:** appoint, send, arise, walk, describe, accord · **To what, where:** three men, men, land This is Joshua 18:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, I, men — and what happens in the verse to three men, men, land, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הָב֥וּ לָכֶ֛ם שְׁלֹשָׁ֥ה אֲנָשִׁ֖ים לַשָּׁ֑בֶט וְאֶשְׁלָחֵ֗ם וְיָקֻ֜מוּ וְיִֽתְהַלְּכ֥וּ בָאָ֛רֶץ וְיִכְתְּב֥וּ אוֹתָ֛הּ לְפִ֥י נַֽחֲלָתָ֖ם וְיָבֹ֥אוּ אֵלָֽי׃ [Appoint for you three men for each tribe; and I will send them, and they shall arise, and walk through the land, and describe it according to their inheritance; and they shall come unto me.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.463/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:445 # text = הָב֥וּ לָכֶ֛ם שְׁלֹשָׁ֥ה אֲנָשִׁ֖ים לַשָּׁ֑בֶט וְאֶשְׁלָחֵ֗ם וְיָקֻ֜מוּ וְיִֽתְהַלְּכ֥וּ בָאָ֛רֶץ וְיִכְתְּב֥וּ אוֹתָ֛הּ לְפִ֥י נַֽחֲלָתָ֖ם וְיָבֹ֥אוּ אֵלָֽי׃ # verse = JOS.18.4 1 הָב֥וּ יָהַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=provide|Ref=JOS_18:4!1|MId=o060180040011|Strong=3051|Frame=A0:060180030041;A1:060180040041;|Type=imperative 2-3 לָכֶ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 ל לְ ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=JOS_18:4!2|MId=o060180040021|Strong=3807a 3 ָכֶ֛ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 1 obl _ Gloss=yourselves|Ref=JOS_18:4!2|MId=o060180040022|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 4 שְׁלֹשָׁ֥ה שָׁלֹשׁ NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 nummod _ Gloss=three|Ref=JOS_18:4!3|MId=o060180040031|Strong=7969|Type=cardinal_number 5 אֲנָשִׁ֖ים אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 obj _ Gloss=men|Ref=JOS_18:4!4|MId=o060180040041|Strong=0376 6-8 לַשָּׁ֑בֶט _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_18:4!5|MId=o060180040051|Strong=3807a 7 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_18:4!5|MId=o060180040051ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 שָּׁ֑בֶט שֵׁבֶט NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 obl _ Gloss=tribe|Ref=JOS_18:4!5|MId=o060180040052|Strong=7626 9-11 וְאֶשְׁלָחֵ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=so|Ref=JOS_18:4!6|MId=o060180040061|Strong=2050b 10 אֶשְׁלָח שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 1 conj _ Gloss=that|Ref=JOS_18:4!6|MId=o060180040062|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:060180030021;A1:060180040063;|Type=yiqtol 11 ֵ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 obj _ Gloss=I.may.send.them|Ref=JOS_18:4!6|MId=o060180040063|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 12-13 וְיָקֻ֜מוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_18:4!7|MId=o060180040071|Strong=2050b 13 יָקֻ֜מוּ קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 1 conj _ Gloss=they.will.arise|Ref=JOS_18:4!7|MId=o060180040072|Strong=6965|Frame=A0:060180040041;|Type=yiqtol 14-15 וְיִֽתְהַלְּכ֥וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_18:4!8|MId=o060180040081|Strong=2050b 15 יִֽתְהַלְּכ֥וּ הָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPAEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 13 conj _ Gloss=they.will.walk|Ref=JOS_18:4!8|MId=o060180040082|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:060180040041;|Type=yiqtol 16-18 בָאָ֛רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 בָ בְּ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JOS_18:4!9|MId=o060180040091|Strong=0871a 17 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_18:4!9|MId=o060180040091ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 אָ֛רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=land|Ref=JOS_18:4!9|MId=o060180040092|Strong=0776 19-20 וְיִכְתְּב֥וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_18:4!10|MId=o060180040101|Strong=2050b 20 יִכְתְּב֥וּ כָּתַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 13 conj _ Gloss=they.will.describe.in.writing|Ref=JOS_18:4!10|MId=o060180040102|Strong=3789|Frame=A0:060180040041;A1:060180040112;|Type=yiqtol 21-22 אוֹתָ֛הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 אוֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_18:4!11|MId=o060180040111|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 22 ָ֛הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obj _ Gloss=it|Ref=JOS_18:4!11|MId=o060180040112|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 23-24 לְפִ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_18:4!12|MId=o060180040121|Strong=3807a 24 פִ֥י פֶּה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 obl _ Gloss=the.mouth|Ref=JOS_18:4!12|MId=o060180040122|Strong=6310 25-26 נַֽחֲלָתָ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 נַֽחֲלָת נַחֲלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=their.inheritance|Ref=JOS_18:4!13|MId=o060180040131|Strong=5159 26 ָ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JOS_18:4!13|MId=o060180040132|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 27-28 וְיָבֹ֥אוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_18:4!14|MId=o060180040141|Strong=2050b 28 יָבֹ֥אוּ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 1 conj _ Gloss=they.will.come|Ref=JOS_18:4!14|MId=o060180040142|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:060180040041;|Type=yiqtol 29-30 אֵלָֽי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 אֵל אֶל ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_18:4!15|MId=o060180040151|Strong=0413 30 ָֽי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 28 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=JOS_18:4!15|MId=o060180040152|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 31 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 30 punct _ Ref=JOS_18:4!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הָבוּ *provide* | imperative · qal | | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | | | אֶשְׁלָח *that* | yiqtol · qal | | ֵם *I may send them* | | | | יָקֻמוּ *they will arise* | yiqtol · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | | | | יִֽתְהַלְּכוּ *they will walk* | yiqtol · hithpael | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | | | | יִכְתְּבוּ *they will describe in writing* | yiqtol · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | ָהּ *it* | | | | יָבֹאוּ *they will come* | yiqtol · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} הָבוּ לְכוֹן תְּלָתָא גַבְרִין לְשִׁבְטָא וְאֶשְׁלָחִינוּן וִיקוּמוּן וִיהַלְכוּן בְּאַרְעָא וְיִכְתְּבוּן יָתָהּ לְפוּם אַחְסַנְתְּהוֹן וְיֵיתוּן לְוָתִי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Appoint for you three men for each tribe; and I will send them, and they shall arise, and walk through the land, and describe it according to their inheritance; and they shall come unto me.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.463/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:445`. - ← previous: [Joshua 18:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.18.3/) - next →: [Joshua 18:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.18.5/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/18/)