--- title: Joshua 19:11 — And their border went up westward, even to Maralah, and reached to D… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And their border went up westward, even to Maralah, and reached to Dabbesheth; and it reached to the brook that is before Jokneam. Who acts: border, brook. Joshua 19:11 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.19.11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/19/) / 19:11 # Joshua 19:11 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** border, brook · **What happens:** go up, reach, be · **To what, where:** Maralah, Dabbesheth This is Joshua 19:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — border, brook — and what happens in the verse to Maralah, Dabbesheth, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְעָלָ֨ה גְבוּלָ֧ם ׀ לַיָּ֛מָּה וּמַרְעֲלָ֖ה וּפָגַ֣ע בְּדַבָּ֑שֶׁת וּפָגַע֙ אֶל־הַנַּ֔חַל אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־פְּנֵ֥י יָקְנְעָֽם׃ [And their border went up westward, even to Maralah, and reached to Dabbesheth; and it reached to the brook that is before Jokneam.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.501/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:480 # text = וְעָלָ֨ה גְבוּלָ֧ם ׀ לַיָּ֛מָּה וּמַרְעֲלָ֖ה וּפָגַ֣ע בְּדַבָּ֑שֶׁת וּפָגַע֙ אֶל־הַנַּ֔חַל אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־פְּנֵ֥י יָקְנְעָֽם׃ # verse = JOS.19.11 1-2 וְעָלָ֨ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_19:11!1|MId=o060190110011|Strong=2050b 2 עָלָ֨ה עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.goes.up|Ref=JOS_19:11!1|MId=o060190110012|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:060190110021;|Type=qatal 3-4 גְבוּלָ֧ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 גְבוּל גְּבוּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=border|Ref=JOS_19:11!2|MId=o060190110021|Strong=1366 4 ָ֧ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JOS_19:11!2|MId=o060190110022|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 5 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 4 punct _ Ref=JOS_19:11!2 6-9 לַיָּ֛מָּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_19:11!3|MId=o060190110031|Strong=3807a 7 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_19:11!3|MId=o060190110031ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 יָּ֛מּ יָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=west|Ref=JOS_19:11!3|MId=o060190110032|Strong=3220 9 ָה ה X _ _ 8 nmod _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_19:11!3|MId=o060190110033|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 10-11 וּמַרְעֲלָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_19:11!4|MId=o060190110041|Strong=2050b 11 מַרְעֲלָ֖ה מַרְעֲלָה PROPN _ _ 8 conj _ Gloss=Maralah|Ref=JOS_19:11!4|MId=o060190110042|Strong=4831 12-13 וּפָגַ֣ע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_19:11!5|MId=o060190110051|Strong=2050b 13 פָגַ֣ע פָּגַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.touches|Ref=JOS_19:11!5|MId=o060190110052|Strong=6293|Frame=A0:060190110021;|Type=qatal 14-15 בְּדַבָּ֑שֶׁת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=(on)|Ref=JOS_19:11!6|MId=o060190110061|Strong=0871a 15 דַבָּ֑שֶׁת דַּבֶּשֶׁת PROPN _ _ 13 obl _ Gloss=Dabbesheth|Ref=JOS_19:11!6|MId=o060190110062|Strong=1708 16-17 וּפָגַע֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_19:11!7|MId=o060190110071|Strong=2050b 17 פָגַע֙ פָּגַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.touches|Ref=JOS_19:11!7|MId=o060190110072|Strong=6293|Frame=A0:060190110021;|Type=qatal 18 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=JOS_19:11!8|MId=o060190110081|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 19-20 הַנַּ֔חַל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_19:11!9|MId=o060190110091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 נַּ֔חַל נַחַל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=wadi|Ref=JOS_19:11!9|MId=o060190110092|Strong=5158 21 אֲשֶׁ֖ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 23 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JOS_19:11!10|MId=o060190110101|Strong=0834|Type=relative 22 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=[is].on|Ref=JOS_19:11!11|MId=o060190110111|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 23 פְּנֵ֥י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 20 acl:relcl _ Gloss=the.face|Ref=JOS_19:11!12|MId=o060190110121|Strong=6440 24 יָקְנְעָֽם יׇקְנְעָם PROPN _ _ 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Jokneam|Ref=JOS_19:11!13|MId=o060190110131|Strong=3362|SpaceAfter=No 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=JOS_19:11!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עָלָה *it goes up* | qatal · qal | גְבוּל *border* | | | | | פָגַע *it touches* | qatal · qal | גְבוּל *border* | | | | | פָגַע *it touches* | qatal · qal | גְבוּל *border* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּסְלִיק תְּחוּמְהוֹן לְיַמָא וּמַרְעֲלָא וּמְעָרַע בְּדַבָּשֶׁת וּמְעָרַע בְּנַחֲלָא דִי עַל אַפֵי יָקְנְעָם: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And their border went up westward, even to Maralah, and reached to Dabbesheth; and it reached to the brook that is before Jokneam.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.501/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:480`. - ← previous: [Joshua 19:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.19.10/) - next →: [Joshua 19:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.19.12/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/19/)