--- title: Joshua 19:47 — And the border of the children of Dan was too strait for them; so th… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the border of the children of Dan was too strait for them; so the children of Dan went up and fought against Leshem, and took it, and smote it with the edge of the sword, and possessed it, and dwelt therein, and called Leshem, Dan, after the name of Dan their father. Who acts: border, children. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.19.47/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/19/) / 19:47 # Joshua 19:47 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** border, children · **What happens:** be, go up, fight, take, smote, possess · **To what, where:** border, Leshem, Dan · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Joshua 19:47 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — border, children — and what happens in the verse to border, Leshem, Dan, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֵּצֵ֥א גְבוּל־בְּנֵי־דָ֖ן מֵהֶ֑ם וַיַּעֲל֣וּ בְנֵֽי־דָ֠ן וַיִּלָּחֲמ֨וּ עִם־לֶ֜שֶׁם וַיִּלְכְּד֥וּ אוֹתָ֣הּ ׀ וַיַּכּ֧וּ אוֹתָ֣הּ לְפִי־חֶ֗רֶב וַיִּֽרְשׁ֤וּ אוֹתָהּ֙ וַיֵּ֣שְׁבוּ בָ֔הּ וַיִּקְרְא֤וּ לְלֶ֙שֶׁם֙ דָּ֔ן כְּשֵׁ֖ם דָּ֥ן אֲבִיהֶֽם׃ [And the border of the children of Dan was too strait for them; so the children of Dan went up and fought against Leshem, and took it, and smote it with the edge of the sword, and possessed it, and dwelt therein, and called Leshem, Dan, after the name of Dan their father.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.537/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:516 # text = וַיֵּצֵ֥א גְבוּל־בְּנֵי־דָ֖ן מֵהֶ֑ם וַיַּעֲל֣וּ בְנֵֽי־דָ֠ן וַיִּלָּחֲמ֨וּ עִם־לֶ֜שֶׁם וַיִּלְכְּד֥וּ אוֹתָ֣הּ ׀ וַיַּכּ֧וּ אוֹתָ֣הּ לְפִי־חֶ֗רֶב וַיִּֽרְשׁ֤וּ אוֹתָהּ֙ וַיֵּ֣שְׁבוּ בָ֔הּ וַיִּקְרְא֤וּ לְלֶ֙שֶׁם֙ דָּ֔ן כְּשֵׁ֖ם דָּ֥ן אֲבִיהֶֽם׃ # verse = JOS.19.47 1-2 וַיֵּצֵ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_19:47!1|MId=o060190470011|Strong=2050b 2 יֵּצֵ֥א יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.went.out|Ref=JOS_19:47!1|MId=o060190470012|Strong=3318|Frame=A0:060190470021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 גְבוּל־ גְּבוּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=the.territory|Ref=JOS_19:47!2|MId=o060190470021|Strong=1366|SpaceAfter=No 4 בְּנֵי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.descendants|Ref=JOS_19:47!3|MId=o060190470031|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 5 דָ֖ן דָּן PROPN _ _ 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Dan|Ref=JOS_19:47!4|MId=o060190470041|Strong=1835 6-7 מֵהֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JOS_19:47!5|MId=o060190470051|Strong=4480 7 הֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=JOS_19:47!5|MId=o060190470052|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 8-9 וַיַּעֲל֣וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_19:47!6|MId=o060190470061|Strong=2050b 9 יַּעֲל֣וּ עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.went.up|Ref=JOS_19:47!6|MId=o060190470062|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:060190470071;|Type=wayyiqtol 10 בְנֵֽי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ Gloss=the.descendants|Ref=JOS_19:47!7|MId=o060190470071|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 11 דָ֠ן דָּן PROPN _ _ 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Dan|Ref=JOS_19:47!8|MId=o060190470081|Strong=1835 12-13 וַיִּלָּחֲמ֨וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_19:47!9|MId=o060190470091|Strong=2050b 13 יִּלָּחֲמ֨וּ לָחַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.waged.war|Ref=JOS_19:47!9|MId=o060190470092|Strong=3898|Frame=A0:060190470071;|Type=wayyiqtol 14 עִם־ עִם ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JOS_19:47!10|MId=o060190470101|Strong=5973|SpaceAfter=No 15 לֶ֜שֶׁם לֶשֶׁם PROPN _ _ 13 obl _ Gloss=Leshem|Ref=JOS_19:47!11|MId=o060190470111|Strong=3959 16-17 וַיִּלְכְּד֥וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_19:47!12|MId=o060190470121|Strong=2050b 17 יִּלְכְּד֥וּ לָכַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.captured|Ref=JOS_19:47!12|MId=o060190470122|Strong=3920|Frame=A0:060190470071;A1:060190470132;|Type=wayyiqtol 18-19 אוֹתָ֣הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 אוֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_19:47!13|MId=o060190470131|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 19 ָ֣הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 obj _ Gloss=it|Ref=JOS_19:47!13|MId=o060190470132|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 20 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 19 punct _ Ref=JOS_19:47!13 21-22 וַיַּכּ֧וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_19:47!14|MId=o060190470141|Strong=2050b 22 יַּכּ֧וּ נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.struck.down|Ref=JOS_19:47!14|MId=o060190470142|Strong=5221|Frame=AA:060190470071;A0:060190470152;|Type=wayyiqtol 23-24 אוֹתָ֣הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 אוֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_19:47!15|MId=o060190470151|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 24 ָ֣הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ Gloss=it|Ref=JOS_19:47!15|MId=o060190470152|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 25-26 לְפִי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=to.[the]|Ref=JOS_19:47!16|MId=o060190470161|Strong=3807a 26 פִי־ פֶּה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=mouth|Ref=JOS_19:47!16|MId=o060190470162|Strong=6310 27 חֶ֗רֶב חֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].sword|Ref=JOS_19:47!17|MId=o060190470171|Strong=2719 28-29 וַיִּֽרְשׁ֤וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_19:47!18|MId=o060190470181|Strong=2050b 29 יִּֽרְשׁ֤וּ יָרַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.took.possession.of|Ref=JOS_19:47!18|MId=o060190470182|Strong=3423|Frame=A0:060190470071;A1:060190470192;|Type=wayyiqtol 30-31 אוֹתָהּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 אוֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_19:47!19|MId=o060190470191|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 31 ָהּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 obj _ Gloss=it|Ref=JOS_19:47!19|MId=o060190470192|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 32-33 וַיֵּ֣שְׁבוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 33 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_19:47!20|MId=o060190470201|Strong=2050b 33 יֵּ֣שְׁבוּ יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.dwelt|Ref=JOS_19:47!20|MId=o060190470202|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:060190470071;|Type=wayyiqtol 34-35 בָ֔הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 ב בְּ ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JOS_19:47!21|MId=o060190470211|Strong=0871a 35 ָ֔הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=JOS_19:47!21|MId=o060190470212|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 36-37 וַיִּקְרְא֤וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 37 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_19:47!22|MId=o060190470221|Strong=2050b 37 יִּקְרְא֤וּ קָרָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.called|Ref=JOS_19:47!22|MId=o060190470222|Strong=7121|Frame=A0:060190470071;A1:060190470241;|Type=wayyiqtol 38-39 לְלֶ֙שֶׁם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 39 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=JOS_19:47!23|MId=o060190470231|Strong=3807a 39 לֶ֙שֶׁם֙ לֶשֶׁם PROPN _ _ 37 obl _ Gloss=Leshem|Ref=JOS_19:47!23|MId=o060190470232|Strong=3959 40 דָּ֔ן דָּן PROPN _ _ 37 obj _ Gloss=Dan|Ref=JOS_19:47!24|MId=o060190470241|Strong=1835 41-42 כְּשֵׁ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 41 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 42 case _ Gloss=according|Ref=JOS_19:47!25|MId=o060190470251|Strong=3509a 42 שֵׁ֖ם שֵׁם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 37 obl _ Gloss=to.the.name|Ref=JOS_19:47!25|MId=o060190470252|Strong=8034 43 דָּ֥ן דָּן PROPN _ _ 42 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Dan|Ref=JOS_19:47!26|MId=o060190470261|Strong=1835 44-45 אֲבִיהֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 44 אֲבִי אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 43 appos _ Gloss=ancestor|Ref=JOS_19:47!27|MId=o060190470271|Strong=0001 45 הֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 44 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JOS_19:47!27|MId=o060190470272|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 46 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 45 punct _ Ref=JOS_19:47!27 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֵּצֵא *it went out* | wayyiqtol · qal | גְבוּל־ *the territory* | | | | | יַּעֲלוּ *they went up* | wayyiqtol · qal | בְנֵֽי־ *the descendants* | | | | | יִּלָּחֲמוּ *they waged war* | wayyiqtol · niphal | בְנֵֽי־ *the descendants* | | | | | יִּלְכְּדוּ *they captured* | wayyiqtol · qal | בְנֵֽי־ *the descendants* | ָהּ *it* | | | | יַּכּוּ *they struck down* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | ָהּ *it* | | | בְנֵֽי־ *the descendants* | | יִּֽרְשׁוּ *they took possession of* | wayyiqtol · qal | בְנֵֽי־ *the descendants* | ָהּ *it* | | | | יֵּשְׁבוּ *they dwelt* | wayyiqtol · qal | בְנֵֽי־ *the descendants* | | | | | יִּקְרְאוּ *they called* | wayyiqtol · qal | בְנֵֽי־ *the descendants* | דָּן *Dan* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּנְפַק תְּחוּם בְּנֵי דָן מִנְהוֹן וּסְלִיקוּ בְּנֵי דָן וְאַגִיחוּ קְרָבָא עִם לֶשֶׁם וּכְבַשׁוּ יָתָהּ וּמְחוֹ יָתָה לְפִתְגַם דְחֶרֶב וִירִיתוּ יָתָהּ וִיתִיבוּ בָהּ וּקְרוֹ לְלֶשֶׁם דָן כְּשׁוּם דָן אֲבוּהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the border of the children of Dan was too strait for them; so the children of Dan went up and fought against Leshem, and took it, and smote it with the edge of the sword, and possessed it, and dwelt therein, and called Leshem, Dan, after the name of Dan their father.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.537/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:516`. - ← previous: [Joshua 19:46](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.19.46/) - next →: [Joshua 19:48](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.19.48/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/19/)