--- title: Joshua 2:13 — and save alive my father, and my mother, and my brethren, and my sis… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and save alive my father, and my mother, and my brethren, and my sisters, and all that they have, and deliver our lives from death.' Who acts: you, sisters. Joshua 2:13 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.2.13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/2/) / 2:13 # Joshua 2:13 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** you, sisters · **What happens:** save, have, deliver · **To what, where:** father, lives, death This is Joshua 2:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, sisters — and what happens in the verse to father, lives, death, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְהַחֲיִתֶ֞ם אֶת־אָבִ֣י וְאֶת־אִמִּ֗י וְאֶת־אַחַי֙ וְאֶת־אַחְיוֹתַ֔י וְאֵ֖ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר לָהֶ֑ם וְהִצַּלְתֶּ֥ם אֶת־נַפְשֹׁתֵ֖ינוּ מִמָּֽוֶת׃ [and save alive my father, and my mother, and my brethren, and my sisters, and all that they have, and deliver our lives from death.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.31/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:30 # text = וְהַחֲיִתֶ֞ם אֶת־אָבִ֣י וְאֶת־אִמִּ֗י וְאֶת־אַחַי֙ וְאֶת־אַחְיוֹתַ֔י וְאֵ֖ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר לָהֶ֑ם וְהִצַּלְתֶּ֥ם אֶת־נַפְשֹׁתֵ֖ינוּ מִמָּֽוֶת׃ # verse = JOS.2.13 1-2 וְהַחֲיִתֶ֞ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_2:13!1|MId=o060020130011|Strong=2050b 2 הַחֲיִתֶ֞ם חָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.will.let.live|Ref=JOS_2:13!1|MId=o060020130012|Strong=2421|Frame=AA:060020090032;A0:060020130031;060020130051;060020130071;060020130101;060020130121;|Type=weqatal 3 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_2:13!2|MId=o060020130021|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 4-5 אָבִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 אָב אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=father|Ref=JOS_2:13!3|MId=o060020130031|Strong=0001 5 ִ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=JOS_2:13!3|MId=o060020130032|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 6-7 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_2:13!4|MId=o060020130041|Strong=2050b 7 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_2:13!4|MId=o060020130042|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 8-9 אִמִּ֗י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 אִמּ אֵם NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 conj _ Gloss=mother|Ref=JOS_2:13!5|MId=o060020130051|Strong=0517 9 ִ֗י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=JOS_2:13!5|MId=o060020130052|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 10-11 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_2:13!6|MId=o060020130061|Strong=2050b 11 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_2:13!6|MId=o060020130062|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 12-13 אַחַי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 אַח אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 conj _ Gloss=brothers|Ref=JOS_2:13!7|MId=o060020130071|Strong=0251 13 ַי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=JOS_2:13!7|MId=o060020130072|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 14-15 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_2:13!8|MId=o060020130081|Strong=2050b 15 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_2:13!8|MId=o060020130082|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 16-17 אַחְיוֹתַ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 אַחְיוֹת אָחוֹת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 4 conj _ Gloss=sisters|Ref=JOS_2:13!10|MId=o060020130101|Strong=0269 17 ַ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=JOS_2:13!10|MId=o060020130102|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 18-19 וְאֵ֖ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_2:13!11|MId=o060020130111|Strong=2050b 19 אֵ֖ת אֵת ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_2:13!11|MId=o060020130112|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 20 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JOS_2:13!12|MId=o060020130121|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 21 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 23 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=JOS_2:13!13|MId=o060020130131|Strong=0834|Type=relative 22-23 לָהֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 ל לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=[belong].to|Ref=JOS_2:13!14|MId=o060020130141|Strong=3807a 23 ָהֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 acl:relcl _ Gloss=them|Ref=JOS_2:13!14|MId=o060020130142|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 24-25 וְהִצַּלְתֶּ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_2:13!15|MId=o060020130151|Strong=2050b 25 הִצַּלְתֶּ֥ם נָצַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=you.will.deliver|Ref=JOS_2:13!15|MId=o060020130152|Strong=5337|Frame=AA:060020090032;A0:060020130171;|Type=weqatal 26 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_2:13!16|MId=o060020130161|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 27-28 נַפְשֹׁתֵ֖ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 נַפְשֹׁתֵ֖י נֶפֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Plur 25 obj _ Gloss=lives|Ref=JOS_2:13!17|MId=o060020130171|Strong=5315 28 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=JOS_2:13!17|MId=o060020130172|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 29-30 מִמָּֽוֶת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JOS_2:13!18|MId=o060020130181|Strong=4480 30 מָּֽוֶת מָוֶת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 obl _ Gloss=death|Ref=JOS_2:13!18|MId=o060020130182|Strong=4194 31 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 30 punct _ Ref=JOS_2:13!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no - indirect: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הַחֲיִתֶם *you will let live* | weqatal · hiphil | אָב *father* + אִמּ *mother* + אַח *brothers* + אַחְיוֹת *sisters* + כָּל־ *all* | | | | | הִצַּלְתֶּם *you will deliver* | weqatal · hiphil | נַפְשֹׁתֵי *lives* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְתֵיחוּן יַת אַבָּא וְיַת אִמָא וְיַת אֲחַי וְיַת אֲחָתֵי וְיַת כָּל דִילְהוֹן וּתְשֵׁזְבוּן יַת נַפְשָׁתָנָא מִמוֹתָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and save alive my father, and my mother, and my brethren, and my sisters, and all that they have, and deliver our lives from death.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.31/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:30`. - ← previous: [Joshua 2:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.2.12/) - next →: [Joshua 2:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.2.14/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/2/)