--- title: Joshua 2:14 — And the men said unto her: 'Our life for yours, if ye tell not this… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the men said unto her: 'Our life for yours, if ye tell not this our business; and it shall be, when the LORD giveth us the land, that we will deal kindly and truly with thee.' Who acts: men, ye, LORD, we. Joshua 2:14 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatic --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.2.14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/2/) / 2:14 # Joshua 2:14 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** men, ye, LORD, we · **What happens:** say, not tell, give, deal · **To what, where:** life, business, land, us · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Joshua 2:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — men, ye, LORD, we — and what happens in the verse to life, business, land, us, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֧אמְרוּ לָ֣הּ הָאֲנָשִׁ֗ים נַפְשֵׁ֤נוּ תַחְתֵּיכֶם֙ לָמ֔וּת אִ֚ם לֹ֣א תַגִּ֔ידוּ אֶת־דְּבָרֵ֖נוּ זֶ֑ה וְהָיָ֗ה בְּתֵת־יְהוָ֥ה לָ֙נוּ֙ אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ וְעָשִׂ֥ינוּ עִמָּ֖ךְ חֶ֥סֶד וֶאֱמֶֽת׃ [And the men said unto her: 'Our life for yours, if ye tell not this our business; and it shall be, when the LORD giveth us the land, that we will deal kindly and truly with thee.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.32/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:31 # text = וַיֹּ֧אמְרוּ לָ֣הּ הָאֲנָשִׁ֗ים נַפְשֵׁ֤נוּ תַחְתֵּיכֶם֙ לָמ֔וּת אִ֚ם לֹ֣א תַגִּ֔ידוּ אֶת־דְּבָרֵ֖נוּ זֶ֑ה וְהָיָ֗ה בְּתֵת־יְהוָ֥ה לָ֙נוּ֙ אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ וְעָשִׂ֥ינוּ עִמָּ֖ךְ חֶ֥סֶד וֶאֱמֶֽת׃ # verse = JOS.2.14 1-2 וַיֹּ֧אמְרוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_2:14!1|MId=o060020140011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֧אמְרוּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.said|Ref=JOS_2:14!1|MId=o060020140012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:060020140032;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 לָ֣הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 ל לְ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_2:14!2|MId=o060020140021|Strong=3807a 4 ָ֣הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=her|Ref=JOS_2:14!2|MId=o060020140022|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 5-6 הָאֲנָשִׁ֗ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_2:14!3|MId=o060020140031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 אֲנָשִׁ֗ים אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=men|Ref=JOS_2:14!3|MId=o060020140032|Strong=0376 7-8 נַפְשֵׁ֤נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 נַפְשׁ נֶפֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ Gloss=life|Ref=JOS_2:14!4|MId=o060020140041|Strong=5315 8 ֵ֤נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=JOS_2:14!4|MId=o060020140042|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 9-10 תַחְתֵּיכֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 תַחְתֵּי תַּחַת NOUN _ _ 2 ccomp _ Gloss=[is].for|Ref=JOS_2:14!5|MId=o060020140051|Strong=8478 10 כֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ Gloss=you|Ref=JOS_2:14!5|MId=o060020140052|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 11-12 לָמ֔וּת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_2:14!6|MId=o060020140061|Strong=3807a 12 מ֔וּת מוּת VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 9 advcl _ Gloss=die|Ref=JOS_2:14!6|MId=o060020140062|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:060020140032;|Type=infinitive_construct 13 אִ֚ם אִם SCONJ _ _ 15 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=JOS_2:14!7|MId=o060020140071|Strong=0518 14 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 15 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JOS_2:14!8|MId=o060020140081|Strong=3808|Type=negative 15 תַגִּ֔ידוּ נָגַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=2 9 parataxis _ Gloss=you.will.tell|Ref=JOS_2:14!9|MId=o060020140091|Strong=5046|Frame=AA:060020040022;060020130031;060020130051;060020130071;060020130101;060020130121;A0:060020140111;|Type=yiqtol 16 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_2:14!10|MId=o060020140101|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 17-18 דְּבָרֵ֖נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 דְּבָר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 obj _ Gloss=business|Ref=JOS_2:14!11|MId=o060020140111|Strong=1697 18 ֵ֖נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=JOS_2:14!11|MId=o060020140112|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 19 זֶ֑ה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 17 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=JOS_2:14!12|MId=o060020140121|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 20-21 וְהָיָ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_2:14!13|MId=o060020140131|Strong=2050b 21 הָיָ֗ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 23 cop _ Gloss=it.will.be|Ref=JOS_2:14!13|MId=o060020140132|Strong=1961|Type=weqatal 22-23 בְּתֵת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=JOS_2:14!14|MId=o060020140141|Strong=0871a 23 תֵת־ נָתַן VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 9 conj _ Gloss=gives|Ref=JOS_2:14!14|MId=o060020140142|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:060020140151;A1:060020140182;|Type=infinitive_construct 24 יְהוָ֥ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 23 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JOS_2:14!15|MId=o060020140151|Strong=3068 25-26 לָ֙נוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 ל לְ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_2:14!16|MId=o060020140161|Strong=3807a 26 ָ֙נוּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 23 obl _ Gloss=us|Ref=JOS_2:14!16|MId=o060020140162|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 27 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_2:14!17|MId=o060020140171|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 28-29 הָאָ֔רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 29 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_2:14!18|MId=o060020140181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 אָ֔רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 23 obj _ Gloss=land|Ref=JOS_2:14!18|MId=o060020140182|Strong=0776 30-31 וְעָשִׂ֥ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_2:14!19|MId=o060020140191|Strong=2050b 31 עָשִׂ֥ינוּ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 23 conj _ Gloss=we.will.do|Ref=JOS_2:14!19|MId=o060020140192|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:060020140032;060020020102;A1:060020140211;060020140222;|Type=weqatal 32-33 עִמָּ֖ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 עִמּ עִם ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JOS_2:14!20|MId=o060020140201|Strong=5973 33 ָ֖ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 31 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=JOS_2:14!20|MId=o060020140202|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 34 חֶ֥סֶד חֶסֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 obj _ Gloss=loyalty|Ref=JOS_2:14!21|MId=o060020140211|Strong=2617 35-36 וֶאֱמֶֽת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 וֶ וְ CCONJ _ _ 36 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_2:14!22|MId=o060020140221|Strong=2050b 36 אֱמֶֽת אֱמֶת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 34 conj _ Gloss=faithfulness|Ref=JOS_2:14!22|MId=o060020140222|Strong=0571 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=JOS_2:14!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמְרוּ *they said* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | | | | מוּת *die* | infinitive construct · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | | | | **not** תַגִּידוּ *you will tell* | yiqtol · hiphil | דְּבָר *business* | | | | | תֵת־ *gives* | infinitive construct · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | אָרֶץ *land* | | | | עָשִׂינוּ *we will do* | weqatal · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | חֶסֶד *loyalty* + אֱמֶֽת *faithfulness* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַרוּ לָהּ גֻבְרַיָא נַפְשָׁנָא מְסִירָן חֲלַף נַפְשָׁתֵיכוֹן לְמֵמָת אִם לָא תְחַווּן יַת פִּתְגָמָנָא דֵין וִיהֵי כַּד יִתֵּן יְיָ לָנָא יַת אַרְעָא וְנַעֲבֵד עִמָךְ טֵיבוּ וּקְשׁוֹט: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the men said unto her: 'Our life for yours, if ye tell not this our business; and it shall be, when the LORD giveth us the land, that we will deal kindly and truly with thee.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.32/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:31`. - ← previous: [Joshua 2:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.2.13/) - next →: [Joshua 2:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.2.15/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/2/)