--- title: Joshua 20:8 — And beyond the Jordan at Jericho eastward, they assigned Bezer in th… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And beyond the Jordan at Jericho eastward, they assigned Bezer in the wilderness in the table-land out of the tribe of Reuben, and Ramoth in Gilead out of the tribe of Gad, and Golan in Bashan out of the tribe of Manasseh. Who acts: cities. Joshua 20:8 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jona --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.20.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/20/) / 20:8 # Joshua 20:8 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** cities · **What happens:** assign · **To what, where:** Bezer, wilderness This is Joshua 20:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — cities — and what happens in the verse to Bezer, wilderness, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּמֵעֵ֜בֶר לְיַרְדֵּ֤ן יְרִיחוֹ֙ מִזְרָ֔חָה נָתְנ֞וּ אֶת־בֶּ֧צֶר בַּמִּדְבָּ֛ר בַּמִּישֹׁ֖ר מִמַּטֵּ֣ה רְאוּבֵ֑ן וְאֶת־רָאמֹ֤ת בַּגִּלְעָד֙ מִמַּטֵּה־גָ֔ד וְאֶת־גּוֹלָ֥ן בַּבָּשָׁ֖ן מִמַּטֵּ֥ה מְנַשֶּֽׁה׃ [And beyond the Jordan at Jericho eastward, they assigned Bezer in the wilderness in the table-land out of the tribe of Reuben, and Ramoth in Gilead out of the tribe of Gad, and Golan in Bashan out of the tribe of Manasseh.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.550/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:528 # text = וּמֵעֵ֜בֶר לְיַרְדֵּ֤ן יְרִיחוֹ֙ מִזְרָ֔חָה נָתְנ֞וּ אֶת־בֶּ֧צֶר בַּמִּדְבָּ֛ר בַּמִּישֹׁ֖ר מִמַּטֵּ֣ה רְאוּבֵ֑ן וְאֶת־רָאמֹ֤ת בַּגִּלְעָד֙ מִמַּטֵּה־גָ֔ד וְאֶת־גּוֹלָ֥ן בַּבָּשָׁ֖ן מִמַּטֵּ֥ה מְנַשֶּֽׁה׃ # verse = JOS.20.8 1-3 וּמֵעֵ֜בֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_20:8!1|MId=o060200080011|Strong=2050b 2 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=from.[the]|Ref=JOS_20:8!1|MId=o060200080012|Strong=4480 3 עֵ֜בֶר עֵבֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=other.side|Ref=JOS_20:8!1|MId=o060200080013|Strong=5676 4-5 לְיַרְדֵּ֤ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=JOS_20:8!2|MId=o060200080021|Strong=3807a 5 יַרְדֵּ֤ן יַרְדֵּן PROPN _ _ 3 nmod _ Gloss=the.Jordan|Ref=JOS_20:8!2|MId=o060200080022|Strong=3383 6 יְרִיחוֹ֙ יְרִיחֹו־יְרִחֹו PROPN _ _ 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Jericho|Ref=JOS_20:8!3|MId=o060200080031|Strong=3405 7-8 מִזְרָ֔חָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 מִזְרָ֔ח מִזְרָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 nmod _ Gloss=eastward|Ref=JOS_20:8!4|MId=o060200080041|Strong=4217 8 ָה ה X _ _ 7 nmod _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_20:8!4|MId=o060200080042|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 9 נָתְנ֞וּ נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.assigned|Ref=JOS_20:8!5|MId=o060200080051|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:060190510131;A1:060200080071;|Type=qatal 10 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_20:8!6|MId=o060200080061|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 11 בֶּ֧צֶר בֶּצֶר PROPN _ _ 9 obj _ Gloss=Bezer|Ref=JOS_20:8!7|MId=o060200080071|Strong=1221a 12-14 בַּמִּדְבָּ֛ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JOS_20:8!8|MId=o060200080081|Strong=0871a 13 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_20:8!8|MId=o060200080081ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 מִּדְבָּ֛ר מִדְבָּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 nmod _ Gloss=wilderness|Ref=JOS_20:8!8|MId=o060200080082|Strong=4057 15-17 בַּמִּישֹׁ֖ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JOS_20:8!9|MId=o060200080091|Strong=0871a 16 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_20:8!9|MId=o060200080091ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 מִּישֹׁ֖ר מִישׁוֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 conj _ Gloss=plain|Ref=JOS_20:8!9|MId=o060200080092|Strong=4334 18-19 מִמַּטֵּ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JOS_20:8!10|MId=o060200080101|Strong=4480 19 מַּטֵּ֣ה מַטֶּה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=the.tribe|Ref=JOS_20:8!10|MId=o060200080102|Strong=4294 20 רְאוּבֵ֑ן רְאוּבֵן PROPN _ _ 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Reuben|Ref=JOS_20:8!11|MId=o060200080111|Strong=7205 21-22 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_20:8!12|MId=o060200080121|Strong=2050b 22 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_20:8!12|MId=o060200080122|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 23 רָאמֹ֤ת רָמֹת PROPN _ _ 9 conj _ Gloss=Ramoth|Ref=JOS_20:8!13|MId=o060200080131|Strong=7216 24-26 בַּגִּלְעָד֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JOS_20:8!14|MId=o060200080141|Strong=0871a 25 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JOS_20:8!14|MId=o060200080141ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 גִּלְעָד֙ גִּלְעָד PROPN _ _ 23 nmod _ Gloss=Gilead|Ref=JOS_20:8!14|MId=o060200080142|Strong=1568 27-28 מִמַּטֵּה־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JOS_20:8!15|MId=o060200080151|Strong=4480 28 מַּטֵּה־ מַטֶּה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 obl _ Gloss=the.tribe|Ref=JOS_20:8!15|MId=o060200080152|Strong=4294 29 גָ֔ד גָּד PROPN _ _ 28 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Gad|Ref=JOS_20:8!16|MId=o060200080161|Strong=1410 30-31 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_20:8!17|MId=o060200080171|Strong=2050b 31 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_20:8!17|MId=o060200080172|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 32 גּוֹלָ֥ן גּוֹלָן PROPN _ _ 9 conj _ Gloss=Golan|Ref=JOS_20:8!19|MId=o060200080191|Strong=1474 33-35 בַּבָּשָׁ֖ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JOS_20:8!20|MId=o060200080201|Strong=0871a 34 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 35 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JOS_20:8!20|MId=o060200080201ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 35 בָּשָׁ֖ן בָּשָׁן PROPN _ _ 32 nmod _ Gloss=Bashan|Ref=JOS_20:8!20|MId=o060200080202|Strong=1316 36-37 מִמַּטֵּ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 37 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JOS_20:8!21|MId=o060200080211|Strong=4480 37 מַּטֵּ֥ה מַטֶּה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 32 obl _ Gloss=the.tribe|Ref=JOS_20:8!21|MId=o060200080212|Strong=4294 38 מְנַשֶּֽׁה מְנַשֶּׁה PROPN _ _ 37 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Manasseh|Ref=JOS_20:8!22|MId=o060200080221|Strong=4519|SpaceAfter=No 39 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 38 punct _ Ref=JOS_20:8!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נָתְנוּ *they assigned* | qatal · qal | | בֶּצֶר *Bezer* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּמֵעִיבְרָא לְיַרְדְנָא דִירִיחוֹ מַדִינְחָא יְהָבוּ יַת בֶּצֶר בְּמַדְבְּרָא בְּמֵישְׁרָא מִשִׁבְטָא דִרְאוּבֵן וְיַת רָאמוֹת בְּגִלְעָד מִשִׁבְטָא דְגָד וְיַת גוֹלָן בְּמַתְנָן מִשִׁבְטָא דִמְנַשֶׁה: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And beyond the Jordan at Jericho eastward, they assigned Bezer in the wilderness in the table-land out of the tribe of Reuben, and Ramoth in Gilead out of the tribe of Gad, and Golan in Bashan out of the tribe of Manasseh.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.550/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:528`. - ← previous: [Joshua 20:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.20.7/) - next →: [Joshua 20:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.20.9/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/20/)